Geriatric Nursing Practice
Final Exam
Course Introduction
Geriatric Nursing Practice focuses on the specialized care of older adults, addressing the unique physiological, psychological, and social changes associated with aging. This course examines the principles and best practices in gerontological nursing, including health assessment, chronic disease management, medication administration, mobility and fall prevention, and end-of-life care. Students will learn how to deliver holistic, patient-centered care that promotes the independence, dignity, and well-being of elderly patients in various healthcare settings. Emphasis is placed on interdisciplinary collaboration, ethical considerations, and effective communication with older adults and their families.
Recommended Textbook
Ebersole and Hess Gerontological Nursing and Healthy Aging in Canada 2nd Edition by Theris A.
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26 Chapters
314 Verified Questions
314 Flashcards
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2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Healthy Aging
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement describes aging in developing countries?
A)Many developing countries have historically had many members live to be centenarians.
B)The biggest problem for older persons will be lack of food.
C)Most of the world's older persons are likely to reside in developing countries.
D)Like fertility, life expectancy is increasing, although at a different rate.
Answer: C
Q2) To help meet the needs of an increasingly ethnoculturally diverse older-person population, which of the following should be done?
A)Hire more male nurses.
B)Offer more second-language courses in nursing schools.
C)Provide more reading material in various languages.
D)Increase the number of health care providers from various cultures.
Answer: D
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3
Chapter 2: Gerontological Nursing History, Education, and Roles
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10 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements best identifies gerontological nursing?
A)Nurses have only recently become involved in the care of the older person.
B)Gerontological care, while important, is the smallest specialty group within the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA).
C)The purposes of gerontological nursing include promotion of health and support for maximal function.
D)Canadian Nurses Association certification is available only for gerontological nurses in research positions.
Answer: C
Q2) The gerontological nurse collaborates with the wound care team about an older person who has an ulcer.How is this nurse demonstrating leadership in the care of an older person?
A)The nurse is screening and assessing older persons effectively.
B)The nurse is facilitating access to older person care programs.
C)The nurse is coordinating members of the health care team.
D)The nurse is empowering older persons to manage chronic illness.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Communicating With Older Persons
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older male person who wears a hearing aid waits in the radiology department.The department is busy and noisy, so the nurse asks the patient if he wants to wait or reschedule the appointment.Which of the following is the most important strategy for the nurse to implement for effective communication with this man?
A)Face the man while sitting at his level.
B)Speak with him in a private, quiet setting.
C)Verify that the information is understood.
D)Ask if hearing is better in one ear or another.
Answer: B
Q2) The nurse needs to obtain information from an older person who has dysarthria.If the nurse experiences difficulty in understanding the older person, which one of the following actions would be the nurse's best response?
A)Allow for several brief conversations.
B)Repeat a part that is not understood.
C)Ask questions using very simple terms.
D)Provide a questionnaire with large type.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Culture, Ethnicity, and Aging
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which health belief system uses treatments to repair a body part?
A)Holistic
B)Biomedical
C)Personalistic
D)Magicoreligious
Q2) The nurse is assessing an older person from a culture different from the nurse's by asking questions from the Explanatory Model for Culturally Sensitive Assessment.In keeping with this model, which question should the nurse ask?
A)"How can we negotiate to solve the problem?"
B)"What treatment can improve your condition?"
C)"Should we try my plan first to see if it helps?"
D)"Can we discuss differences in our plans now?"
Q3) The nurse prepares a female older person, who is Polish, for discharge through an interpreter and notes that the older person becomes tense during the instructions about elimination.Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
A)Move on to the discussion about medication.
B)Ask the older person how she feels about this topic.
C)Instruct the interpreter to repeat the instructions.
D)Have the older person repeat the instructions for clarity.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Nursing Documentation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse must inform an older person whose first language is French and who does not speak any English about patient rights.The nurse also has to have the older person sign the document about information access.Which intervention should the nurse use to maintain the confidentiality of this older person?
A)The nurse should present the older person with a French version of the information access document.
B)The nurse should have an English-speaking family member explain the document to the older person.
C)The nurse should explain the document to the older person using an interpreter to ensure understanding.
D)The nurse should instruct an interpreter to read the information access document to the older person privately.
Q2) In Canada, advance directives (advanced care planning) falls under which jurisdiction?
A)Federal
B)Provincial/territorial
C)Municipal
D)Health care agency/provider
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Chapter 6: Biological Theories and Physical Changes of Aging
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which theory of aging suggests that the adverse physical effects of aging result from gradual loss of control mechanisms in the pituitary and hypothalamus?
A)Free radical theory
B)Programmed theory
C)Stochastic theory
D)Neuroendocrine theory
Q2) The nurse administers an antibiotic and naproxen, an anti-inflammatory medication, to an older female adult.Which laboratory test result should the nurse monitor to gauge if this older person's kidneys are able to metabolize the medication?
A)Urine creatinine
B)Indirect bilirubin
C)Serum creatinine
D)White blood cells
Q3) Which change in the skin is abnormal in an older person?
A)Thinner and more fragile skin
B)A tear in the skin after being assisted with transferring from the bed
C)Mottled pigmentation and greater number of freckles
D)Loss of hair on the extremities
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Chapter 7: Social, Psychological, Spiritual, and Cognitive Aspects of Aging
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which context are members of a cohort described when using the age-stratification theory to explain the effect of similar events, conditions, and circumstances?
A)Historical context
B)Biological context
C)Sociological context
D)Chronological context
Q2) Crystallized intelligence consists of:
A)Memories created more than 20 years ago.
B)Knowledge and abilities that the person acquires through education and life.
C)Skills that are biologically determined.
D)Education acquired through post-secondary education.
Q3) An older male adult with severe knee pain tells the nurse how he lost his job and his home after starting a new business when he was 48 years old.Now he lives alone and relies on welfare.Using Jung's theory, what in this individual's life is the most pivotal in his personality development?
A)Living alone
B)Meagre income
C)Severe knee pain
D)Job loss and home loss
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Nutritional Needs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a true statement about nutrition for older persons?
A)The older person should be encouraged to practise strict controls on cholesterol intake to ensure protection against heart disease.
B)Transportation can be a critical factor in nutritional insufficiency in older persons.
C)Ethnic cooking is a major concern for older persons, because it makes balanced nutrition difficult to maintain.
D)There are no government programs to promote congregate dining among older persons.
Q2) An older person who has iron deficiency anemia complains of abdominal pain, fullness, and diarrhea over a period of 24 hours.Which patient data potentially indicate a systemic cause of this individual's constipation?
A)Abdominal pain
B)Feeling of fullness
C)Loose, watery stools
D)Iron deficiency anemia
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Chapter 9: Hydration and Continence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about fluid intake for older persons?
A)An older person's daily total volume should be 1000 to 1500 mL.
B)Coffee is a suitable beverage for maintaining hydration.
C)Sports drinks should not be consumed, because they contain too much sugar.
D)The amount of fluid offered with medication administration should be standardized (at least 100 mL) for an older person.
Q2) The nurse wants to begin helping an older person who is overweight and has urinary incontinence, with healthy bladder behaviour skills.Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A)Begin low-calorie diet for weight management.
B)Schedule voiding at two- to four-hour intervals.
C)Instruct the older person to practise abdominal exercises.
D)Reduce the time between an urge to void and voiding.
Q3) Which one of the following increases the risk for chronic dehydration in older persons?
A)Overuse of diuretics
B)Poor cognitive function
C)Dry mucous membranes
D)Fluid loss from vomiting
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Rest, Sleep, and Activity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which factor contributes to sleep problems in older persons?
A)Excessive napping
B)Daily exercise
C)Lethargy
D)Rapid eye movement (REM)
Q2) An older female adult maintains an active lifestyle, playing various games with friends.She reports to the nurse that she experiences wakefulness during the night and an inability to fall asleep after waking up at night.Which intervention should the nurse implement to improve the quality of this woman's sleep?
A)Recommend preparation for sleep.
B)Suggest trying a cup of warm milk at bedtime.
C)Inquire about her nightly sleep habits.
D)Propose volunteer work at a thrift shop.
Q3) Which of the following is important to include in the initial assessment for older persons who are frail and are beginning an exercise program?
A)Exercise tolerance testing (ETT)
B)The older person's financial ability to pay for training sessions
C)A medical history and physical examination
D)Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Promoting Healthy Skin and Feet
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15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older person has a vitamin C deficiency.Which of the following does the nurse provide to the older person to supply the missing vitamin important for maintaining healthy skin and enhancing tissue repair?
A)Carrot sticks
B)Nonfat milk
C)Orange slices
D)Unsalted nuts
Q2) Which of the following is an important consideration regarding the skin of an older person?
A)Generous amounts of soap should be used for cleansing.
B)Sweat glands increase in activity.
C)The skin becomes more vulnerable to damage.
D)The skin becomes darker in unexposed areas.
Q3) Which of the following topical agents is safe to apply?
A)Corn starch, to absorb moisture in the groin area
B)Betadine, to disinfect a healing pressure ulcer
C)An over-the-counter preparation, to dissolve a corn
D)Zinc oxide ointment to an area of excoriation
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13
Chapter 12: Maintaining Mobility and Environmental Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) After assessing an older male adult in his bed, the nurse determines that he is at high risk for falls.The nurse leaves the room to get a fall risk sign and returns to find him on the floor pleading for help, saying he tried to get out of bed but felt dizzy What is the most important intervention the nurse should have implemented to prevent this event?
A)Call for someone to bring the sign.
B)Show him how to use the call bell.
C)Provide a urinal and drinking water.
D)Assess for postural hypotension.
Q2) The nurse can place an older person into one of four patient rooms.Which one of the following is a suitable room for an older person?
A)A brightly lit, blue room with cozy throw rugs.
B)A room with orange carpeting and soft lighting.
C)A brightly lit, blue room with waxed vinyl floors.
D)A room for television and crafts.
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Chapter 13: Assessment Tools in Gerontological Nursing
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13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following does the nurse do when preparing to perform a skilled and detailed assessment of an older person that is not usually required when assessing a younger individual?
A)Provide for adequate privacy.
B)Allow more time for assessing.
C)Gather all needed supplies.
D)Complete the evaluation in one sitting.
Q2) Which question or command is a part of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)?
A)"Do you have the coordination, balance, and strength to participate in day-to-day life?"
B)"How often does your family provide support for you?"
C)"Do you prefer to stay at home rather than go out and do things?"
D)"Please repeat the three words I asked you to remember."
Q3) Which assessment tool is the most comprehensive exam of an older person's functional status?
A)Katz Index
B)Fulmer SPICES
C)The Functional APGAR Evaluation Tool
D)The Older Americans Resources and Services (OARS) instrument
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Safe Medication Use for Older Persons
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Sample Questions
Q1) The relationship of biological rhythms to variations in the body's response to drugs is known as chronopharmacology.When caring for an older person with asthma, what information would help guide the nurse in planning the time to administer medication to the patient?
A)The asthma is most distressing before bedtime.
B)The asthma is most distressing at midday.
C)The asthma is most distressing between 0400 and 0500 hours.
D)The asthma is most distressing after performing activities of daily living.
Q2) The nurse prepares to administer vancomycin (Vancocin) to an older person.Which laboratory test should the nurse review before administering this medication?
A)Stool culture
B)Serum potassium
C)Creatinine clearance
D)Alkaline phosphatase
Q3) Which of the following processes is not increased in the early morning?
A)Fibrinolytic activity
B)Osteoarthritis pain
C)Asthma symptoms
D)Rheumatoid arthritis pain
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Living With Chronic Illness
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older male adult who has osteoarthritis tells the nurse that he has experienced fatigue for the past two weeks.Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement to help him manage fatigue?
A)Recommend an antidepressant.
B)Help him plan exercise and rest.
C)Plan two or three naps every day.
D)Tell him the fatigue is due to osteoarthritis.
Q2) Which statement is true about rehabilitation and restorative care for older persons?
A)The purpose is to regain specific abilities lost because of a condition.
B)Rehabilitation consists primarily of regular physiotherapy sessions.
C)A person can learn skills and gain abilities that enable functioning.
D)The patient's capabilities are recognized at the time of admission.
Q3) Which one of the following descriptors represents a phase of the chronic illness trajectory (CIT)?
A)Caring
B)Stable
C)Bargaining
D)Rehabilitation
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Chapter 16: Pain and Comfort
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following pain management techniques is an example of a cognitive behavioural approach?
A)Bio
B)Opioid medication
C)Massage
D)Anxiety medication
Q2) Compared with acute pain, which of the following statements is true of persistent pain?
A)It leads to markedly altered vital signs.
B)It is usually described as a burning pain.
C)It is generally gone within four months.
D)It can bring about changes in lifestyle.
Q3) An older female adult had surgery one day ago, and the nurse thinks that the woman also has dementia.While assessing the patient, what indication would the nurse use to determine that the older person is experiencing pain?
A)The patient holds her abdomen tightly.
B)The patient has stable vital signs.
C)The patient is not verbalizing.
D)The patient moves during sleep.
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Diabetes Mellitus
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following laboratory results is a goal for reducing a person's risk for diabetes and heart disease?
A)Triglycerides over 1.69 mmol/L (150 mg/dL)
B)Cholesterol over 5.18 mmol/L (200 mg/dL)
C)High-density lipoprotein under 1.03 mmol/L (40 mg/dL)
D)Fasting blood glucose under 7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL)
Q2) An older person with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a sensory impairment and unstable blood sugars.Which alteration in sensory function does the nurse address in the plan of care for stabilizing his blood sugar?
A)The older person requires reading glasses at 2.0 strength.
B)The older person has difficulty hearing in crowded rooms.
C)The older person enjoys spicy food more than bland food.
D)The older person awakens with periodic left-foot numbness.
Q3) Which one of the following is the most important goal when planning nursing care for an older patient with diabetes mellitus?
A)Stabilize the serum glucose.
B)Prevent disease progression.
C)Set walking distance goals.
D)Plan for consistent exercise.
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Bone and Joint Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) An osteoporosis-related fall necessitated hip-replacement surgery for an older female adult who is entering a rehabilitation facility.Which of the following goals is the nurse's priority during this woman's rehabilitation?
A)Tell the patient to eat whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
B)Recapture the patient's preoperative mobility status.
C)Keep the patient's surgical wound clean and dry.
D)Tell the patient to take two steps into the walker.
Q2) The nurse prepares an older male person who has osteoarthritis (OA) for discharge.Which instruction does the nurse include in patient teaching to maintain safety for this man?
A)Take ibuprofen (Motrin) rather than opioid analgesics.
B)Increase rest periods to slow disease progression.
C)Report joint instability to the health care provider.
D)Avoid stretching the affected joint during exercise.
Q3) Which statement about joints in older persons is true?
A)Osteoarthritis is an inflammatory joint disorder.
B)Surgical joint replacement can cure osteoarthritis.
C)Joint damage in osteoarthritis is reversed with medication.
D)Very old persons should avoid joint replacement surgery.
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Visual and Auditory Changes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which disease creates pressure within the eye and potential optic nerve damage in the older person?
A)Glaucoma
B)Presbyopia
C)Cataract
D)Macular degeneration
Q2) The children of an older male adult feel that his vision may be impaired and they are worried about him driving a car.Which sign/behaviour has research shown to indicate that there may be vision problems in this patient?
A)This older person has complained of squinting and a greater sensitivity to light.
B)This older person recently began taking a prescription medication for high blood pressure.
C)This older person has decreased his socialization with his bridge group.
D)This older person has shown decreased interest in making meals.
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21
Chapter 20: Cardio-Vascular and Respiratory Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Clinical heart failure (HF) is categorized as left-sided, right-sided, or both-sided (biventricular) failure.Mrs.Poulin, 80 years of age, lives in a long-term care (LTC) facility and has been diagnosed as having Class II mild heart failure.She is comfortable at rest and occasionally dyspneic after completing her own morning care.Which atypical exacerbation of congestive heart failure (CHF) should the nurse be alerted to when caring for Mrs.Poulin?
A)Weight gain of 1 kg in one week
B)Swelling of lower extremities after sitting for two hours
C)Malaise and diminished desire to participate in activities
D)Nonproductive cough
Q2) The exercise tolerance of an older person is impaired after a myocardial infarction (MI) because of a low ejection fraction.Which of the following primary interventions should the nurse use to assist this individual to restore baseline functional status?
A)Provide a well-balanced diet.
B)Assist with range of motion.
C)Instruct the older person to sit up in a chair four times daily.
D)Keep O2 saturation above 95%.
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Chapter 21: Cognitive Impairment and Neurological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which assessment parameter should the nurse avoid using to differentiate between delirium and depression in an older person?
A)Orientation of the older person
B)Level of consciousness in the older person
C)Course of behaviour of the older person over 24 hours
D)Psychomotor activity of the older person
Q2) Classic signs of Parkinson's disease (PD) in an older person include tremors at rest, rigidity (stiff muscles), akinesia (poverty of movement), and postural abnormalities.Which of the following is the most conspicuous sign of PD?
A)Tremor
B)Rigidity
C)Akinesia
D)Postural abnormalities
Q3) An older person who has had a TIA should be assessed for which of the following?
A)Age, race, gender, income
B)Vital signs, speech, gender, race
C)Age, income, coordination, sensation
D)Vital signs, speech, coordination, sensation
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Chapter 22: Economic and Legal Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) A health care provider asks the nurse about an older male adult's power of attorney because consent is needed for a medically necessary invasive procedure; the patient has end-stage disease, is intubated, and is on mechanical ventilation.Which one of the following steps should the nurse implement?
A)Refer to the patient's advance directive for a name.
B)Assist with obtaining informed consent from the patient.
C)Use an oral test to measure the patient's cognitive function.
D)Apply the Confusion Assessment Method for critical care.
Q2) An older male adult is being abused by his daughter, a single, working mother of four children, with whom he lives.The nurse investigates and learns that the abuse is due to situational stress.Which should the nurse implement to address the short-term crisis?
A)Remove him from his daughter's home immediately.
B)Encourage the daughter to work with social services.
C)Arrange respite care or day care for the patient.
D)Place the patient in a long-term care facility.
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24
Chapter 23: Relationships, Roles, and Transitions
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Q1) Which following older person is most likely to need preretirement counselling to avoid significant concerns in retirement?
A)A woman who is a certified public accountant
B)A woman who receives cash for cleaning services
C)A middle-aged male adult who has a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus
D)An older male clerk who works for Canada Post
Q2) The children of an older female adult ask the nurse for advice about helping their mother heal after her husband's death.Which strategy should the nurse share with the family?
A)Appoint one family member to take the mother on outings.
B)Coordinate family expressions of care and concern.
C)Have each child plan a long trip with their mother's assistance.
D)Take the mother to community events to meet other people.
Q3) Which older person will have the highest economic risk at the beginning of retirement?
A)An older divorced female who has lived in this country for eight years
B)An older male veteran, who is an above-the-knee amputee, and who was a teacher
C)An older female, who is a widow and a primary care nurse practitioner
D)An older male, who immigrated from China, and designs computer software
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Page 25
Chapter 24: Mental Health and Wellness in Later Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older male adult who had radical surgery for oral cancer is refusing to see visitors and is losing weight, despite aggressive nutrition therapy.The nurse assesses this older person and recognizes that he is not coping well and appears to be grieving.What is the most important patient outcome, in light of this nursing assessment?
A)The patient discusses how his coping mechanisms are overwhelmed.
B)The patient performs self-feedings through gastrostomy tube daily.
C)The patient uses nonverbal forms of communication effectively.
D)The patient exhibits self-confidence in regaining a sense of control.
Q2) An older female adult lost her brother recently, provides care for her husband who has health needs, and must move to a new location after having lived for 35 years in the same house.When she arrives for primary care with clinical indicators of influenza, which of the following does the nurse recognize about this older person?
A)She is exhibiting attention-seeking behaviours.
B)Crises and stressors can impair physical health.
C)Her greatest need is respite care for her husband.
D)Crisis leads to a lower functional status for the person.
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26
Chapter 25: Loss, Death, and Palliative Care
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Q1) Which of the following statements about loss, dying, and death for older persons is TRUE?
A)Those at special risk for significantly adverse effects of grief are younger to middle-aged spouses because these partners are at the beginning of their life journey.
B)Visions, hallucinations, and an inability to communicate in a logical, sustained manner are not normal grief reactions for someone who has lost a spouse and should be regarded as signs of underlying health issues.
C)Pathological grief begins with normal grief responses whose evolution toward adjustment and the re-establishment of equilibrium is blocked by some obstacle.
D)Bereaved persons regain their normal capability about six months after loss, and regressive behaviour after that time should be examined by a therapist.
Q2) Which of the following characteristics is associated with acute grief?
A)Waves of grief or distressing emotion
B)Prolonged inability to sleep after a loss
C)Exacerbations of grief on specific dates
D)Change in attitude toward the future loss
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Chapter 26: Care Across the Continuum
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Q1) An older female resident in a residential facility keeps a large collection of personal items and photos of her late husband on her bedside table, but the personal support worker (PSW) and the resident argue about this frequently.Why should the nurse intervene between the resident and the PSW?
A)The resident is attempting to maintain her sense of personal space.
B)The resident needs to accept the reality of her spouse's death.
C)The resident's argumentative nature can indicate early dementia.
D)The clutter from all the personal items is a safety and liability risk.
Q2) As the nurse admits an older female adult to a long-term care facility from her home of 50 years, the woman mistakes the nurse for her daughter.Which of the following diagnoses should the nurse consider carefully when planning care for this woman?
A)Hypoxia due to chronic disease
B)Relocation stress syndrome
C)Alzheimer's disease (AD)
D)Attention-seeking behaviour
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