General Psychology Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
General Psychology is an introductory course that explores the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. Covering key topics such as perception, learning, memory, emotion, motivation, development, personality, and psychological disorders, the course provides a foundational understanding of how individuals think, feel, and act. Students will examine major psychological theories, contemporary research methods, and practical applications, gaining insight into both historical perspectives and current issues in the field. Through lectures, discussions, and experiential activities, participants will develop critical thinking skills and a deeper appreciation for the complexities of human psychology.
Recommended Textbook
The Science of Psychology An Appreciative View 2nd Edition by Laura A. King
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2124 Verified Questions
2124 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Science of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of psychologist would be most interested in how Little Jasmine learns to read?
A) psychodynamic
B) cognitive
C) humanistic
D) behavioral
Answer: B
Q2) According to a behavioral psychologist, why is Jenny likely to clean up her room?
A) She knows it is the right thing to do.
B) She has nightmares when she fails to keep her room clean.
C) She will feel a sense of well-being when she cleans her room.
D) She will earn ten dollars from her parents for cleaning her room.
Answer: D
Q3) Charles Darwin argued that ________ determines the physical traits of survival.
A) cognition
B) natural selection
C) social interaction
D) nurture
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Psychologys Scientific Method
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Q1) Dr. Jimand poses as a student in his study of Bosnian students who are adjusting to college life in the United States. Dr. Jimand lives in the dorm with the students and attends classes with them. What research method is he using?
A) formal experimentation
B) survey method
C) clinical method
D) naturalistic observation
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a case study?
A) asking all general psychology students to complete a mood survey for extra credit
B) conducting a series of interviews over a year with an anxiety-disordered student
C) observing the study habits of students in the library versus those of students in the cafeteria
D) assigning half the class to computerized instruction and half to the traditional classroom
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Biological Foundations of Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following best represents the function of myelin sheath in the brain?
A) Becky is riding her skateboard down the hill.
B) Juan rolls down the windows in his car to create resistance.
C) Amber is putting wax on her surfboard so that it will move easily through the water.
D) Gerald is adding another coat of paint to his house.
Answer: C
Q2) The ________ is the part of the hindbrain that is involved in sleep and arousal.
A) pons
B) medulla
C) cerebral cortex
D) thalamus
Answer: A
Q3) Your friend was in an accident and suffered head trauma. She can remember everything up until the accident, but since it happened, she cannot retain any new memories. She probably has damage to her hypothalamus.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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Q1) Smell can elicit more vivid memories than the other senses. What is the reason for this?
A) Smells are often stronger than sights, sounds and other stimuli.
B) The sense of smell takes a different neural pathway than the other senses.
C) Smell is closely related to vision.
D) The sense of smell is closely related to finding food to eat for survival.
Q2) Rachel is walking in the woods and feels a sharp prick on her neck. She feels pain and recognizes that she has been stung by a wasp. Which process allowed her to identify the source of her pain?
A) sensation
B) perception
C) nature
D) transduction
Q3) What part of the body is most responsible for kinesthetic senses?
A) spinal cord
B) thalamus
C) muscle fibers and joints
D) small bones in the inner ear
Q4) Provide an example of when you would have to rely on bottom-up processing more heavily than top-down processing.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: States of Conciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Professional baseball players often travel from coast to coast. Which chemical in the body may be responsible for the fatigue that many players face on their first day in the new city?
A) serotonin
B) dopamine
C) cortisol
D) acetylcholine
Q2) Hypnagogic reverie refers to the state of being completely hypnotized.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Rebecca lives in Boston. Her friend, Serena, just flew in from Denver. To help Serena adjust to the new time zone, Rebecca should
A) give Serena a lot of coffee.
B) let her sleep all day.
C) offer her a dose of melatonin.
D) take her to a movie to keep her out of the sunlight.
Q4) Describe the phenomenon of daydreaming.
Q5) Describe circadian rhythms and their main functions.
Q6) Discuss the effects of sleep deprivation.
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Chapter 6: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following can be explained by Tolman's views on purposive learning?
A) Peter is afraid of the rabbit because fear of rabbits is a high probability reaction.
B) You failed high school algebra because you did not understand the S-R relationships.
C) You work hard all week because you expect to get paid on Friday.
D) All of these.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT associated with Skinner?
A) Skinner box
B) operant conditioning
C) schedules of reinforcement
D) conditioned stimulus
Q3) Shirley refuses to put her name up for a promotion because she knows she will not get the job anyway. This is an example of
A) learned helplessness.
B) negative reinforcement.
C) punishment.
D) Both A and B are correct.
Q4) Provide one example of vicarious reinforcement and one example of vicarious punishment.
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Chapter 7: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mike waits until the night before his big exam to start studying. He maintains that last minute cramming keeps the information fresh in his memory. What does connectionist network research tell us about the effectiveness of cramming?
A) It is very effective because the information stays in short-term memory.
B) It is very ineffective because information is not tied into related nodes.
C) It is very effective because cramming automatically places new material in the middle of the appropriate region of memory.
D) It is very ineffective because information takes longer than one night to transfer over to long-term memory.
Q2) George just graduated from college and is going on his first job interview. He has learned that there are two other candidates. Because of the information he has learned about the serial position effect, George asks to be either the first or the last candidate interviewed. Why?
A) Either the first or the last candidate will be best remembered.
B) The middle candidate will be viewed less favorably.
C) The middle candidate will be rushed through the interview.
D) The first and last candidates will be asked less difficult questions.
Q3) Explain the difference between declarative and nondeclarative memories.
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Chapter 8: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language
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Sample Questions
Q1) Coping with stressful situations is a form of problem solving.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the main disadvantage of using algorithms?
A) They only work for large problems.
B) They are very similar to trial-and-error.
C) Correct solutions are not guaranteed.
D) Finding solutions may take a long time.
Q3) Dan is at an international food fest with his fraternity brother, Abayomi. When Dan is served a dish of Mopane worm stew, Abayomi tells him reassuringly, "That's good food!"
Given that Dan understands the concept of food, Dan knows that
A) it would be very unwise to eat this cuisine.
B) the stew will taste awful.
C) it is okay to eat the worm stew.
D) his algorithm for food is different than Abayomi's algorithm.
Q4) Describe links between cognition and language.
Q5) Reliability is the extent to which a test measures what it is intended to measure.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following theories was developed to address the narrowing of social contacts and the increase in positive emotion that occur with age?
A) cellular clock theory
B) four statuses of identity theory
C) attachment theory
D) socioemotional selectivity theory
Q2) Jill's parents set very few limits or boundaries for her. They use a(n) ________ parenting style.
A) authoritarian
B) authoritative
C) neglectful
D) permissive
Q3) Giving up some power is important in a successful marriage.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Briefly describe the three periods of prenatal development.
Q5) According to Piaget, sucking is an example of an early schema.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) The cognitive labeling of emotion is most important to which of the following theories?
A) James-Lang
B) Cannon-Bard
C) two-factor
D) self-determination
Q2) Cannon and Washburn measured stomach contractions with a balloon. They found that when subjects reported
A) thirst, their stomach was relaxed.
B) a full stomach, their stomach was relaxed.
C) hunger, their stomach was contracting.
D) thirst, their stomach was empty.
Q3) From Maslow's perspective, motivation is primarily the result of A) reinforced behaviors.
B) instinctive responses to environmental stimuli.
C) specific responses to ethological, innate drives.
D) satisfying basic needs before moving to higher needs.
Q4) Drive reduction theory is related to homeostasis.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) The vast majority of "tomboys" turn out to be
A) bisexual.
B) homosexual.
C) heterosexual.
D) cross-gendered.
Q2) The ways in which we experience and express ourselves as sexual beings is referred to as our
A) sex.
B) gender.
C) sexuality.
D) sexual orientation.
Q3) In terms of exploring the connection between sex and gender, the biological approach focuses on
A) societal expectations.
B) parenting style.
C) the environment.
D) genes.
Q4) The 2D:4D ratio is influenced by dopamine levels.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Rogers, the greater the discrepancy between who you are and who you would like to be, the less likely you are to be psychologically healthy.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Brittney is a counselor who believes that her clients have the innate ability to make good choices. She accepts each individual as they are and as a person in the process of change. It is important to her that her clients learn to evaluate themselves and not depend on the opinion of others. Brittney is practicing
A) gestalt therapy.
B) psychoanalytic counseling.
C) social cognitive therapy.
D) humanistic counseling.
Q3) Ted routinely puts family concerns over those of work. Henry Murray would explain this as the need for A) achievement.
B) affiliation.
C) power.
D) proximity.
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Chapter 13: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Several members of the women's softball team have developed bulimia. This may be the result of
A) groupthink.
B) social contagion.
C) deindividuation.
D) social loafing.
Q2) Greg is confident that although he did poorly on his first psychology exam, he will do much better on the next one. Greg is depicting which dimension of attribution theory?
A) internal/external
B) stable/unstable
C) controllable/uncontrollable
D) positive/negative
Q3) In general, we are more attracted to people who are the opposite of us.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Children who play violent video games are no more likely to engage in delinquent acts than their non-playing peers.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Donald Clifton's strengths-based management approach stresses
A) challenging employees in novel situations.
B) maximizing and building on employees' existing strengths.
C) treating all employees as if they have the same potential to achieve.
D) matching the strengths of managers to those of employees.
Q2) Susan is having her performance at work evaluated. Susan is recognized for completing large volumes of work in a shorter period of time than other employees. She also has excellent time management skills and is good at prioritizing and delegating tasks. Her weaknesses are a lack of attention to details and a high rate of errors. The person rating her gives her very similar scores for production, efficiency, and accuracy. This rater's evaluation reflects which phenomenon?
A) continuance commitment
B) organizational citizenship behavior
C) halo effect
D) Hawthorne effect
Q3) The human relations approach emphasizes which of the following?
A) morale, attitudes, and values of workers and managers
B) humane treatment of workers
C) seeing the workplace as a social system
D) All of these.
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Chapter 15: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Imagine that you are in charge of an anxiety disorder clinic. Many individuals come to the clinic to be treated for all sorts of anxiety problems. Describe two types of problems you would commonly encounter.
Q2) It has been over two years since the death of her husband, and although Jenelle tries to go out with her friends for dinners and sometimes a concert, she still cannot seem to find much pleasure in life. Jenelle is most likely suffering from
A) a major depressive disorder.
B) dysthymic disorder.
C) a social phobia.
D) involuntary grief reaction.
Q3) Frank believes that he is the most skilled fisherman and that, when he is out on the lake, thousands of people with binoculars are watching his every move in the hopes of discovering his technique. This is an example of ________ in schizophrenia.
A) a delusion
B) a hallucination
C) a misattribution
D) flat affect
Q4) Describe the three defining elements of abnormal behavior.
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Chapter 16: Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) In psychoanalytic theory, transference is used to describe
A) the gradual shifting of erogenous desires from the mouth to the genitals.
B) how the client comes to relate to the therapist in ways that resemble his or her other relationships.
C) efforts to redirect anxiety-provoking desires into socially acceptable actions.
D) the cathartic release of painful memories from unconscious awareness.
Q2) Humanistic therapists believe that people should make their own choices about how to live their lives.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One difference between the therapeutic approaches of Ellis and Beck is
A) how they view self-defeating beliefs.
B) how they communicate with the client.
C) the extent to which they strive to change the client's cognitions.
D) the extent to which they emphasize overt symptoms.
Q4) Psychotherapy is effective in treating many psychological disorders.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the technique of free association.
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Chapter 17: Health Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The main difference between health psychology and behavioral medicine is that in addition to behavioral and social influences, health psychology focuses on ________ influences, while behavioral medicine focuses on ________ influences.
A) cognitive; emotional
B) biomedical; cognitive
C) cognitive; biomedical
D) biomedical; emotional
Q2) Bob decided that he was a bit overweight so he created a new exercise program, something he had never tried before. Though he initially had some difficulty setting it up and sticking with it, he has consistently done his workouts for the last eight months. While it is becoming more habitual, the program is still not yet automatic for him so he reinforces himself with new music CDs each month. Bob is most likely in the ________ stage of the stages of change model.
A) action
B) maintenance
C) termination
D) preparation
Q3) Discuss the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior.
Q4) Discuss the three benefits associated with social support.
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