General Psychology Review Questions - 4396 Verified Questions

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Course Introduction

General Psychology Review Questions

General Psychology is an introductory course that explores the fundamental concepts, theories, and research methods in the field of psychology. Students will examine topics such as biological bases of behavior, sensation and perception, learning, memory, motivation, emotion, development across the lifespan, personality, psychological disorders, and social behavior. The course emphasizes understanding how psychological principles apply to everyday life and encourages critical thinking about human behavior and mental processes.

Recommended Textbook

Introduction to Psychology 11th Edition by James W. Kalat

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4396 Verified Questions

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2

Chapter 1: What Is Psychology

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Sample Questions

Q1) What distinguishes a psychoanalyst from other kinds of therapists?

A)Absence of any formal education

B)Greater interest in psychological research than in treating patients

C)Reliance on theories and methods pioneered by Sigmund Freud

D)Use of devices that measure brain activity

Answer: C

Q2) In most states,can psychoanalysts prescribe drugs?

A)Yes, all of them can.

B)No, none of them can.

C)Only those who are clinical psychologists can.

D)Only those who are psychiatrists can.

Answer: D

Q3) The word psychology was derived from the Greek words psyche and logos,meaning __________.

A)word and study

B)mind and word

C)depth and mind

D)mind and body

Answer: B

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Page 3

Chapter 2: Scientific Methods in Psychology

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Sample Questions

Q1) What does the 95 percent confidence interval indicate about a set of results?

A)It indicates the probability that the experimenter conducted the study properly.

B)It indicates the range within which the true mean probably lies.

C)It indicates the size of difference between the mean and the median.

D)It indicates the probability that someone else can replicate the result.

Answer: B

Q2) Which of the following could be an operational definition of "sadness"?

A)An inability to experience joy or laughter

B)A general feeling of discouragement or despair

C)The number of tears shed during a day

D)The emotional outcome after someone has felt an important loss

Answer: C

Q3) Compared to a correlational study,which of these is a big advantage to an experiment?

A)An experiment can be performed without asking for informed consent.

B)An experiment requires less cost and less equipment.

C)An experiment is less likely to be influenced by independent variables.

D)An experiment is more likely to demonstrate cause and effect.

Answer: D

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Page 4

Chapter 2: A: Scientific Methods in Psychology

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Sample Questions

Q1) A before-and-after study can lead to a firm conclusion,even without a control group.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q2) A case history studies a random sample of the population.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q3) Recently,many psychologists have worried that because of random fluctuations in data,some published results,even though they are statistically significant,may not be

Answer: replicable

Q4) In an experiment on how coffee affects alertness,the amount of coffee would be the dependent variable.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q5) A definition that states how to measure something is a(n)__________ definition. Answer: operational

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Chapter 3: Biological Psychology

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Sample Questions

Q1) For most people,the left hemisphere controls which of these?

A)Speech

B)Hearing

C)Emotion

D)Vision

Q2) How do nearly all drugs with behavioral effects alter brain activity?

A)They attach to chromosomes and alter gene expression.

B)They dilate or constrict blood vessels.

C)They increase or decrease conduction velocity of action potentials.

D)They alter activity at synapses.

Q3) Which language a child speaks (English or Chinese,for example)depends almost entirely on differences in environment,and therefore has approximately what level of heritability?

A)0

B)0.5

C)1

D)-1

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Chapter 3: A: Biological Psychology

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Sample Questions

Q1) Marijuana affects the same receptors as opiate drugs,but less strongly.

A)True

B)False

Q2) What is the "binding problem"?

Q3) Marijuana decreases the release of both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters.

A)True

B)False

Q4) If a gene influences behavior,we can assume it alters brain development.

A)True

B)False

Q5) For most people,language depends on the ______ hemisphere of the brain.

Q6) Drugs that increase energy,alertness,and activity are known as ________.

Q7) If something such as mental retardation has a strong genetic influence,then changing the environment cannot significantly alter it.

A)True

B)False

Q8) What type of evidence supports the idea of monism?

Q9) The central nervous system consists of the brain and the _______.

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Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception

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Sample Questions

Q1) If a radio has only one speaker,which of these sounds is it unable to make?

A)The sound of one thing near you and another thing far away

B)The sound of something moving toward you

C)The sound of something moving away from you

D)The sound of something moving left to right

Q2) Your absolute sensory threshold for a faint light would depend mostly on which of these?

A)Whether you are nearsighted or farsighted

B)The distance between the pupils of your left and right eyes

C)Your personality with regard to extraversion and introversion

D)Where you were during the time before the test

Q3) By what means do we perceive the pitch of a high-frequency sound (such as 4000 Hz)?

A)The number of hair cells responding is proportional to the sound frequency.

B)The sound wave excites a particular location on the basilar membrane.

C)Each hair cell produces an impulse for each sound wave.

D)Each sound wave excites a group, or volley, of hair cells.

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Chapter 4: A: Sensation and Perception

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Sample Questions

Q1) Feature detectors can explain all aspects of pattern perception.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The part of the retina with the best color vision is the ______

Q3) A subliminal message to buy popcorn increases people's likelihood of buying it.

A)True

B)False

Q4) The Gestalt psychologists described several principles of how we organize perceptions into meaningful wholes.Define the principles of (a)proximity,(b)similarity,(c)continuation,and (d)closure.

Q5) Rods and cones are equally important for color vision.

A)True

B)False

Q6) When the moon looks larger at the horizon than it does high in the sky,it is just an optical illusion.The image is actually the same size.

A)True

B)False

Q7) What is a feature detector,and what evidence do we have for feature detectors?

Q8) Describe the gate theory of pain.

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Chapter 5: Development

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Sample Questions

Q1) Most young adults today use social networks more than their parents,who use more than the grandparents.Which of these is the probable reason?

A)Dishabituation

B)Midlife transition

C)Demand characteristics

D)A cohort effect

Q2) On average,which of these starts at an earlier age today than it did 100 years ago?

A)Onset of senility

B)Marriage

C)Financial independence

D)Onset of puberty

Q3) What point did Erik Erikson's stages of development emphasize?

A)Cultural differences determine people's intellectual patterns.

B)Difficulties at any age lead to further difficulties later.

C)Childhood sexual fantasies and frustrations lead to neurosis.

D)Human development and maturation depend largely on genetic influences.

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Chapter 5: A: Development

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Sample Questions

Q1) An investigator who compares people of different ages all at the same time,is using a ____________ design.

Q2) According to Piaget,a child who cannot easily take another person's perspective is said to be ___________.

Q3) Piaget emphasized that children move gradually from one stage to another,and frequently fluctuate among stages.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Infants may or may not seem to understand object permanence,depending on how we test them.

A)True

B)False

Q5) What are some examples to show that children do or do not appear to understand a concept,depending on how we test it?

Q6) People often react to reminders of death by reaffirming their religious and political beliefs.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 6: Learning

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Sample Questions

Q1) When you hear an ambulance siren,you drive to the side of the road.What does this act illustrate?

A)A discriminative stimulus

B)A fixed-ratio schedule

C)Negative reinforcement

D)Dishabituation

Q2) Training a response by reinforcing successive approximations to it is known as what?

A)Classical conditioning

B)Shaping

C)Disequilibrium

D)The law of effect

Q3) In classical conditioning,suppose the CS always occurs 2 seconds before the UCS.When will the CR occur?

A)Before the CS

B)Immediately after the CS

C)Almost 2 seconds after the CS

D)Immediately after the UCS

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Chapter 6: A: Learning

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Sample Questions

Q1) In classical conditioning,repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus produces ______________.

Q2) To extinguish a classically conditioned response is to eliminate it completely.

A)True

B)False

Q3) In operant conditioning,the procedure for extinction is simply to stop providing reinforcement.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Suppose you want to train your roommate to keep his/her side of the room clean.According to the disequilibrium principle,how should you start?

Q5) In classical conditioning a researcher takes an animal through extinction and then waits a while.If the response returns without additional training,we call it _________

Q6) Stimulus generalization is the extension of a conditioned response from the training stimulus to similar stimuli.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 7: Memory

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Sample Questions

Q1) Students in group A read and reread aChapter for an hour.Those in group B also spend an hour,but they are interrupted four times to try to answer questions about the material.What happens?

A)Those in group A remember the material better.

B)Those in group B remember the material better.

C)Those in group B remember better at first, but those in group A remember longer.

D)Students in the two groups remember about equally.

Q2) Remembering the time you broke your leg is which kind of memory?

A)Procedural memory

B)Implicit memory

C)Semantic memory

Q3) A condition occurring mostly in old age that is characterized by increasingly severe memory loss,as well as confusion,depression,and disordered thinking is known as which of the following?

A)Source amnesia

B)Retrograde amnesia

C)Cotard's syndrome

D)Alzheimer's disease

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Chapter 7: A: Memory

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Sample Questions

Q1) The more times you have memorized lists of a particular type,the longer you will remember each new list that you learn.

A)True

B)False

Q2) People trying to tell a story by memory often include reasonable events that weren't in the story.

A)True B)False

Q3) Remembering how to kick a soccer ball is an example of ____________________ memory.

Q4) People who are impaired at remembering the past are also impaired at imagining the future.

A)True

B)False

Q5) Sigmund Freud referred to the process of moving unacceptable memories from the conscious mind to the unconscious mind with the term _________.

Q6) Preschool children fail to form semantic memories.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 8: Cognition and Language

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Sample Questions

Q1) What do the language errors of 2- to 3-year-old children reveal?

A)They are mostly trying to repeat what they heard their parents say.

B)They apply grammatical rules for forming plurals and past tense.

C)They never use a word until they are sure of its correct meaning.

D)They learn the meanings of prepositions and adverbs before nouns or verbs.

Q2) What is meant by the term base-rate information?

A)How rare or common something is

B)The quality of some product relative to its price

C)How popular something is

D)Whether something has been increasing or decreasing over time

Q3) Which condition is marked by relatively normal language despite mental retardation in other ways?

A)Williams syndrome

B)Wernicke's aphasia

C)Broca's aphasia

D)Tourette syndrome

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Chapter 8: A: Cognition and Language

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Sample Questions

Q1) The condition marked by surprisingly good language despite mental retardation in several other regards is _________ syndrome.

Q2) When people imagine whether one object could rotate to match another object,we can use a graph to predict how long they will think about it before answering.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Improving a skill by studying or practicing something very different from it is known as ____ transfer.

Q4) Behavioral methods are often useful for helping people with attention deficit disorder.

A)True

B)False

Q5) An ostrich is a prototype for the category "bird."

A)True

B)False

Q6) Attention deficit disorder is treated by behavioral methods or by drugs.The most frequently used category of drugs is _______

Q7) Failure to detect changes in part of a scene is known as change ________.

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Chapter 9: Intelligenceintelligence

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Sample Questions

Q1) Extensive practice at working crossword puzzles improves skill at working those puzzles,but has little effect on other types of memory or problem solving.Apparently the practice increases what?

A)Fluid intelligence

B)Crystallized intelligence

C)Both fluid and crystallized intelligence

D)Neither fluid nor crystallized intelligence

Q2) The Individuals with Disabilities Act in the United States requires which of the following?

A)Public schools must annually retest the IQ of any child who appears to be disabled.

B)Public schools must keep all IQ scores strictly confidential.

C)Public schools must put all children with disabilities into special classrooms.

D)Public schools must provide free, appropriate education for all students.

Q3) Why did Binet and Simon develop the first intelligence test?

A)To help researchers discover the factors that lead to intelligence

B)To help teachers adjust to children who were visual or verbal learners

C)To identify children who might not do well in school

D)To help theorists distinguish between intelligence and creativity

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Chapter 9: A: Intelligence Intelligence

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Q1) A five-year-old who has a Stanford-Binet IQ score of 116 is more intelligent than an eight-year-old who also scores 116.

A)True

B)False

Q2) On average,people with high IQ scores have fewer car accidents than people with low IQ scores.

A)True B)False

Q3) According to Raymond Cattell,intelligence has two major components,fluid intelligence and _________ intelligence.

Q4) We can use IQ scores to explain why one child does better in school than another child does.

A)True B)False

Q5) On average,girls get higher scores on IQ tests than boys do. A)True B)False

Q6) If people of a particular group do better in school than their test scores predict,we say the test is __________.

Page 19

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Chapter 10: Consciousnessconsciousness

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Sample Questions

Q1) Why are many researchers skeptical of Freud's theory of dreams?

A)The theory applies only to people in 20th-century Europe.

B)Only therapists with extensive training can understand and apply the theory.

C)The theory fails to uncover the unconscious motivations behind dreams.

D)The theory offers interpretations whose accuracy we cannot check.

Q2) What did Sigmund Freud mean by the "manifest content" of dreams?

A)The brain activity that occurs during the dream

B)The hidden ideas that the dream symbolizes

C)The content as it appears on the surface

D)The frequency of similar dreams among other people

Q3) Which of the following does hypnosis NOT produce?

A)Increased suggestibility

B)Recovery of lost memories

C)Reduction of pain

D)Possibility of posthypnotic suggestions

Q4) During binocular rivalry,what is the viewer's experience?

A)A totally blank field

B)A compromise that partly resembles each of two images

C)Two visual images at the same time

D)Alternation between one image and the other

Page 20

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Chapter 10: A: Consciousnessconsciousness

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Sample Questions

Q1) Dreams accurately predict the future.

A)True

B)False

Q2) People traveling west suffer more serious jet lag than do people traveling east.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Brain recordings suggest that some people in a vegetative state are conscious.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Briefly describe sleep apnea and narcolepsy.

Q5) Shifting onto daylight saving time impairs many people's alertness and performance.

A)True

B)False

Q6) During binocular rivalry,if you are unconscious of what one eye sees,you nevertheless unconsciously determine whether it is meaningful or important.

A)True

B)False

Q7) The brain is most active during the _____ sleep stage.

Q8) Brain activity is least during stage ______ of sleep.

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Chapter 11: Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

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Q1) If you practice resisting temptation,do you get better at resisting future temptations?

A)No

B)Yes

C)Only if the second temptation is different from the first

D)Only if the second temptation is similar to the first

Q2) What message does the hormone leptin convey?

A)"Your body has enough fat already."

B)"Your stomach is empty."

C)"You need to conserve salt or increase your salt intake."

D)"You need more sleep."

Q3) Which of the following is the best predictor of someone's sexual satisfaction?

A)On average, young people are significantly more satisfied than older people.

B)Most people who are in love with their partner are satisfied with their sex life.

C)People with less frequent sexual activity are more satisfied than people with much activity.

D)On average, people in less prosperous countries are more satisfied with their sex life.

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Chapter 11: A: Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

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Sample Questions

Q1) Many women have multiple consecutive orgasms.

A)True

B)False

Q2) According to recent surveys,about 10 percent of all people have a homosexual orientation.

A)True

B)False

Q3) If you have a choice of when to set deadline for a series of tasks,you should set all the deadlines as late as possible.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Bulimia nervosa occurs only in cultures that have a strong Western influence. A)True

B)False

Q5) The hormone that increases the flow of glucose and other nutrients into body cells is _______.

Q6) The highest point on Maslow's hierarchy of needs is the need for _______

Q7) What factors influence whether someone develops a heterosexual or homosexual orientation?

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Chapter 12: Part 1 Emotions,stress,and

Healthemotions,stress,and Health

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Q1) When researchers tested the ability to recognize facial expressions of emotion,how could they have improved the accuracy of recognition?

A)Use photos of real people in real situations instead of expressions posed by actors.

B)Tell people to answer quickly, based on their first impulse.

C)Let observers use their own labels, instead of giving them six choices.

D)Pose frightened people looking to the side and sad people looking down.

Q2) On average,how does divorce affect happiness?

A)A brief decrease in happiness but rapid recovery to the previous level

B)A decrease in happiness and only partial recovery over a period of years

C)No overall change in happiness

D)A brief increase in happiness but rapid return to the previous level

Q3) Which of these describes people with Type A personality?

A)Extraverted and emotionally stable

B)Conscientious and agreeable

C)Competitive and often hostile

D)Relaxed and patient

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Chapter 12: A: Emotional,stress,and

Healthemotional,stress,and Health

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Q1) Someone who doesn't look at you in the eyes and whose hands are fidgeting is probably lying.

A)True

B)False

Q2) People who cried in a sad situation feel less depressed afterward than those who didn't.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Most people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)have a smaller than average ________ in the brain.

Q4) On average,young adults are happier than old people.

A)True

B)False

Q5) Most people who experience extremely traumatic events develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

A)True

B)False

Q6) How does prolonged stress by itself sometimes produce symptoms of illness?

Q7) The brain area most responsible for variations in the level of anxiety is the

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Chapter 13: Social Psychologysocial Psychology

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Q1) Under which condition are you likely to follow the peripheral route to persuasion?

A)When other people are making similar decisions

B)When you don't have time to consider the facts carefully

C)When you are making a purchase

D)When deciding about something important to you

Q2) What does the prisoner's dilemma investigate?

A)Causes and effects of bullying

B)Development of social groups

C)Prejudice toward out-groups

D)Cooperation and competition

Q3) Which objection do many psychologists raise against Kohlberg's approach to morality?

A)Most moral decisions are based on emotion, not logic.

B)Most people need a great deal of time to make a decision about a moral question.

C)In most cases, children make moral decisions differently from the way adults do.

D)Kohlberg overemphasized respect for authority and underemphasized justice.

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Chapter 13: A: Social Psychologysocial Psychology

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Q1) For a romantic couple to have long-term happiness,similarity of personalities is important.

A)True

B)False

Q2) You are more likely to help a stranger when many people are around than when you are by yourself.

A)True

B)False

Q3) In the prisoner's dilemma,the action that seems best to each individual is disadvantageous to the group.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Working together for a common goal is an effective way to overcome prejudices. A)True

B)False

Q5) The tendency to work less hard when you are sharing the job with other people is known as social ____________.

Q6) Describe a study that demonstrates cognitive dissonance.

Q7) Describe Milgram's obedience study.

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Chapter 14: Personalitypersonality

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Q1) Which of these is characteristic of a self-actualized personality?

A)Highly concerned with personal success

B)Obedient to authority

C)Dominated by strong habits

D)Independent and creative

Q2) In Jung's theory,how similar is the collective unconscious from one person to another?

A)The collective unconscious is similar for nearly all people.

B)Each person's collective unconscious is unique compared to every other person.

C)Each culture has its own collective unconscious, but it differs from other cultures.

D)The collective unconscious is similar across cultures, but it differs among cohorts.

Q3) How does a psychologist identify people who are lying on the MMPI?

A)By comparing MMPI answers to answers on other personality tests

B)By measuring heart rate, breathing rate, and electrical conduction on the skin

C)By comparing answers to observations of actual behavior

D)By true-false questions about rare virtues and common faults

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Chapter 14: A: Personalitypersonality

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Q1) Recent research on implicit memory strongly supports Freud's theories about the unconscious.

A)True

B)False

Q2) According to Jung,the collective conscious depends on heredity more than it does on personal experience.

A)True B)False

Q3) Increasing people's self-esteem increases their productivity in school and at work. A)True B)False

Q4) What method did psychologists use to determine the Big Five personality traits?

Q5) Early in Freud's career he changed his theory of what was responsible for neurotic behavior.What was his earlier view,what was his later view,and what evidence did he have for either?

Q6) The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)is a test of normal personality,loosely based on the personality theory of __________.

Q7) Freud's term for psychosexual energy was _________.

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Chapter 15: Part 1 Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and

Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

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Q1) Which type of psychotherapy sets clear goals and tries to achieve them through new learning?

A)Humanistic therapy

B)Psychoanalysis

C)Psychodynamic therapy

D)Behavior therapy

Q2) All antidepressant drugs are known to have effects on which of the following?

A)Production of red blood cells

B)Availability of certain neurotransmitters at synapses

C)Velocity of action potentials in the cerebral cortex

D)Ability of glucose and other nutrients to reach the brain

Q3) What does it mean if once or twice you heard a voice when you were alone?

A)You are starting to develop paranoid schizophrenia.

B)You are starting to develop schizophrenia, but not necessarily the paranoid type.

C)You are starting to develop obsessive-compulsive disorder.

D)Relax. Many normal people have heard a voice one or more times.

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Chapter 15: A: Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and

Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

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Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26441

Sample Questions

Q1) Exposure to bright lights is an effective treatment for seasonal affective disorder. A)True

B)False

Q2) Someone who uses a drug to reduce or avoid intense withdrawal symptoms is said to have a ___________ dependence on the drug.

Q3) Someone who has deteriorated in daily life and who shows hallucinations,delusions,and thought disorder would be diagnosed as having

Q4) You are less likely to develop a phobia or strong fear of something if it is predictable and controllable.

A)True

B)False

Q5) Almost all people with schizophrenia continue deteriorating steadily unless they receive treatment.

A)True B)False

Q6) A repetitive,almost irresistible action is known as a(n)____________________.

Q8) An excessive fear of open or public places is called _____________. Page 32

Q7) How has psychotherapy changed since the middle of the 20th century,and why?

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