General Psychology
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
General Psychology provides an introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The course explores foundational topics such as the biological basis of behavior, sensation and perception, learning, memory, cognition, development, personality, psychological disorders, and social interactions. Emphasizing empirical research and theoretical perspectives, students gain a broad understanding of the principles governing human thought, emotion, and behavior, preparing them for further study in psychology and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology An Introduction 10th Edition by Benjamin Lahey
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17 Chapters
2789 Verified Questions
2789 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology
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143 Verified Questions
143 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because humans work to feed,shelter,and clothe themselves,we know that human behavior is
A) motivated.
B) maladaptive.
C) selfish.
D) simplistic.
Answer: A
Q2) The first intelligence test was developed to
A) provide France with a college entrance examination.
B) determine educational pathways for children.
C) test the memory abilities of U.S.workers.
D) diagnose mentally retarded criminals.
Answer: B
Q3) Which question were structuralists primarily interested in investigating?
A) What are the purposes of mental activity?
B) What influences people to do the things they do?
C) What are the individual components of the mind?
D) What is the basis of forgetting?
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Research Methods in Psychology
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152 Verified Questions
152 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Formal experiments must have an independent variable and a dependent variable.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) When the deliberate arrangement and control of variables is possible,the ______ is most likely to allow cause and effect conclusions to be drawn when the research is complete.
A) quasi experiment
B) naturalistic observation
C) formal experiment
D) correlational study
Answer: C
Q3) When observing nature,all scientists
A) need to be trained in psychology.
B) follow strict rules.
C) work in the laboratory.
D) travel to the original environment.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Biological Foundations in Behavior
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the name of the large bundle of axons that connect the two halves of the brain?
A) basal ganglia
B) cingulate gyrus
C) hypothalamus
D) corpus callosum
Answer: D
Q2) The part of the forebrain that ties together elements of memory is the hippocampus.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) It is the ______ cell that transports nutrients from the blood vessels to neurons.
A) glial
B) Purkinjie
C) Ranvier
D) cerebral
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: The Interplay of Nature and Nurture
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173 Verified Questions
173 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) From childhood through adulthood,the ______ increases in size and becomes larger in men than women.
A) amygdala
B) hippocampus
C) hypothalamus
D) thalamus
Q2) Chromosome abnormality caused by the presence of an additional twenty-first chromosome that results in physical irregularities and mental retardation is A) cretinism.
B) Down syndrome.
C) phenylketonuria.
D) sickle-cell anemia.
Q3) Your best friend Clarice possesses characteristics that are feminine,but also exhibits masculine characteristics as well.Someone who possesses both masculine and feminine characteristics is known as
A) androgynous.
B) a hermaphrodite.
C) gender confused.
D) a transvestite.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception
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176 Verified Questions
176 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The theory of color vision that contends that the eye has two kinds of cones,responding to either the red-green or yellow-blue range of wavelength,is the
A) opponent-process theory.
B) trichromatic theory.
C) dichromacy theory.
D) stereochemical theory.
Q2) What do you experience when nocioceptors are stimulated?
A) pain
B) sexual pleasure
C) dizziness
D) sound
Q3) What do the Ames room and Müller-Lyer illusion have in common?
A) They demonstrate a different type of depth perception.
B) They exhibit monocular cues to depth perception.
C) They demonstrate closure and continuity.
D) They are visual illusions.
Q4) Our sensitivity to a stimulus differs from time to time due to sensory adaptation.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: States of Consciousness
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recent evidence suggests that the use of the designer drug ecstasy causes damage to neurons that use the neurotransmitter
A) serotonin.
B) norepinephrine.
C) dopamine.
D) acetylcholine.
Q2) Despite being nonphysically addictive,marijuana,used on a prolonged basis,
A) is considered highly addictive psychologically.
B) has never been proven to be harmful.
C) reduces cognitive efficiency.
D) produces only short-term health risks.
Q3) A feature of all psychotropic drugs is the production of hallucinations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) During REM sleep,______ dreams take place.
A) all
B) about half of
C) less than 10% of
D) about 80% of
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Chapter 7: Basic Principles of Learning
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178 Verified Questions
178 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ultimate goal of negative reinforcement is to strengthen behavior.
A)True B)False
Q2) Learning by observing the behavior of others is called modeling.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In Pavlov's experiments,which condition of association produced the best results?
A) when the metronome preceded the food powder by 10 seconds
B) when the food powder and metronome were presented simultaneously
C) when the food powder preceded the metronome by 10 seconds
D) when the metronome preceded the food powder by 1/2 second
Q4) Secondary reinforcers are acquired through learning.
A)True
B)False
Q5) In Pavlov's classic experiment,the unconditioned stimulus was the sound of a metronome.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 8: Memory
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the schema theory,forgetting appears to occur during A) elaboration.
B) rehearsal.
C) shallow processing.
D) retrieval.
Q2) The notion that a person would forget something because that memory would be threatening to the individual in some way is know as the theory of
A) motivated forgetting.
B) spreading networks.
C) associative nodes.
D) synaptic terminations.
Q3) You find a box full of old love letters written more than 25 years ago to the spouse you bitterly divorced six months ago.You remember almost none of the details the letters reveal.What theory can help explain this?
A) decay theory
B) schema theory
C) motivated forgetting
D) levels of processing
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10
Chapter 9: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence
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165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) On average,Asian Americans score higher on intelligence tests than white Americans.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following best depicts the meaning of the surface structure of language?
A) the grammatical syntax
B) the spoken word
C) the statement's meaning
D) the language in use
Q3) Most formal education emphasizes the teaching of divergent thinking.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The notion that the more vocabulary or categories a language has,the more varied our perceptions will be,is a theory connected to
A) Rosch.
B) Chomsky.
C) Miller.
D) Whorf.
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Chapter 10: Developmental Psychology
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The more-or-less predictable changes in behavior associated with age characterize the process of
A) development.
B) socialization.
C) learning.
D) materialization.
Q2) Reversibility is a skill usually not achieved until Piaget's _______ stage.
A) formal operational
B) sensorimotor
C) preoperational
D) concrete operational
Q3) According to Kohlberg,which of the following phrases describes the basis of moral reasoning in early childhood?
A) Don't get caught.
B) Don't be a jerk.
C) We all have rights.
D) It's the law
Q4) A newborn cannot imitate facial expressions.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Motivation and Emotion
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182 Verified Questions
182 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the Yerkes-Dodson law,high levels of arousal are always associated with high levels of performance.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotions,
A) you feel nervous because you notice yourself sweating.
B) you sweat because you feel nervous.
C) your sweating coincides with feeling nervous.
D) you feel nervous after you stop sweating.
Q3) Violent crimes are the leading cause of death in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The theory that suggests that all human emotions can be thought of as the combination of two basic elements-positive and negative emotions-comes from
A) James and Lange
B) Watson and Tellegen
C) Schachter and Singer
D) Cannon and Bard
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Personality Theories and Assessment
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Allie is very shy during one-on-one encounters,but tends to be very outgoing in a group.Which viewpoint best explains her behavior?
A) Cattell's trait theory
B) conditions of worth
C) reciprocal determination
D) person x situation interactionism
Q2) According to social learning theorists,what are the key concepts in the study of personality?
A) fixation,regression,and defense mechanisms
B) need fulfillment and self-actualization
C) conflict between the person and the environment
D) classical conditioning,operant conditioning,and modeling
Q3) In humanistic psychology,the ideal self is
A) the person I know I can become.
B) the person my mother was.
C) the person I wish I was.
D) what comes from the environment.
Q4) The interview is the most widely used method of personality assessment.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Stress and Health
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Not wanting to experience the side effects of prescribed medication is an example of a problem with
A) medical compliance.
B) avoidance-avoidance conflict.
C) frustration.
D) a sensitizer personality.
Q2) A situation,circumstance,or event that threatens the individual and requires some form of coping mechanism best defines A) conflict.
B) stress.
C) frustration.
D) pressure.
Q3) Which of the following is true about stress reactions?
A) They produce a physiological reaction only.
B) Psychological reactions happen independently of physiological reactions.
C) They produce both a physiological and psychological reactions.
D) Physiological reactions differ depending on the stressor.
Q4) Women are five times more likely to have AIDS in the United States than men A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Abnormal Behavior
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187 Verified Questions
187 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Carol confides to her gynecologist during a regular checkup that she has been avoiding sexual intercourse with her husband because of physical pain.Her gynecologist would probably consider a diagnosis of A) vaginismus.
B) dyspareunia.
C) orgasmic dysfunction.
D) sexual aversion disorder.
Q2) How does generalized anxiety disorder differ from panic anxiety disorder?
A) Generalized anxiety can lead to agoraphobia.
B) Generalized anxiety is relatively mild in comparison.
C) Panic anxiety is more predictable.
D) Generalized anxiety can lead to extreme heart arhythmia and heart failure.
Q3) In the DSM-IV system,there are five
A) personality traits.
B) problems.
C) diagnoses.
D) axes.
Q4) Free-floating anxiety is associated with the generalized anxiety disorder.
A)True
B)False
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Therapies
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Interpersonal psychotherapy is only used to treat people who have social phobias.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is a goal of interpersonal psychotherapy in helping a client with depression?
A) express feelings in constructive ways
B) focus on understanding the past
C) develop a healthy pessimistic focus
D) fix all relationships,no matter what
Q3) Side effects of drugs occur because
A) more than one neurotransmitter is manipulated by the medication.
B) only one neurotransmitter is manipulated by any one medication.
C) patients typically overdose on these new drugs.
D) patients using the drugs expect to have side effects.
Q4) Psychotherapy is a specialized process in which a trained professional uses psychological methods to help a person with physical problems.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Social Psychology
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169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is one of the least important factors in the persuasiveness of the speaker?
A) logic
B) credibility
C) attractiveness
D) intent
Q2) In the early stages of attraction and relationships,______ seems to be the most important factor.
A) physical attractiveness
B) chosen vocation
C) financial security
D) home location
Q3) When being in a group improves the performance of individual members of that group,______ is said to have occurred.
A) diffusion of responsibility
B) social facilitation
C) obedience to authority
D) social loafing
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Psychology Applied to Business and Other
Professions
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which of the following areas has psychological knowledge of tests and measurements been most effectively applied in business?
A) advertising
B) selection of employees
C) training of employees
D) marketing of new products
Q2) Specialists employed by the school system to consult with teachers about special education programs are typically called
A) guidance counselors.
B) school psychologists.
C) sociologists.
D) social workers.
Q3) If a teacher is giving a test where the grade is determined by whether or not a child can meet the minimum criteria for some specific educational objective,then the teaching is using
A) norm-referenced testing.
B) mainstreaming.
C) mastery learning.
D) criterion-reference testing.
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