General Psychology
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
General Psychology introduces students to the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. The course covers fundamental topics such as biological bases of behavior, cognitive processes, perception, learning, memory, motivation, emotion, development across the lifespan, personality, psychological disorders, and therapeutic approaches. Emphasis is placed on understanding research methods and applying psychological principles to real-world situations. This foundational course provides a broad overview of the field and prepares students for advanced studies in psychology and related disciplines.
Recommended Textbook
Psychological Science Modeling Scientific Literacy 1st Edition by Mark Krause
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17 Chapters
4332 Verified Questions
4332 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introducing Psychological Science
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248 Verified Questions
248 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The philosopher and mathematician René Descartes famously believed that the mind was not made of physical matter,and could exist outside of the body.Descartes' belief in the relationship between mind and body could be described as A)determinism.
B)empiricism.
C)materialism.
D)dualism.
Answer: D
Q2) The hypothesis that "exercise improves memory ability" is a scientific one because:
A)it cannot be confirmed.
B)it cannot be rejected.
C)it makes a specific,testable prediction.
D)it can be proven.
Answer: C
Q3) Theories are basically the same thing as opinions or beliefs. A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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3
Chapter 5: Consciousness
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232 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following definitions accurately describes the state of coma?
A)A prolonged state of consciousness similar to non-REM sleep
B)A state marked by a complete loss of consciousness
C)A disordered state of consciousness marked by the ability to show some behaviors that suggest at least partial consciousness,even if on an inconsistent basis
D)A state of minimal consciousness,where the patient's eyes may be open,and he or she experiences a sleep-wake cycle
Q2) The most frequently used drug in Western societies is __________.
A)alcohol
B)nicotine
C)cocaine
D)marijuana
Q3) Because barbiturates can fatally suppress breathing and heart rate at high doses,____________________ are generally considered a safer alternative drug.
Q4) Describe the typical sleep cycle,starting with falling asleep,and ending with the first REM period of the night.Make sure to describe the EEG and physiological characteristics associated with each stage.
Q5) What are some of the therapeutic uses for hypnosis? Is it generally effective?
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Chapter 6: Learning
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365 Verified Questions
365 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reacting to a stimulus that is similar to the one which you have learned to react is called _______.
A)stimulus generalization
B)response generalization
C)higher-order conditioning
D)modeling
Q2) A child who calls all four-legged animals "dogs" is exhibiting ______.
A)simplification
B)response generalization
C)stimulus generalization
D)equipotentiality
Q3) Although they make learning more challenging in the short term,___________________ actually promote long-term learning.
Q4) Cognitive learning theories attempt to explain how learning occurs using:
A)observation and imitation.
B)unobservable mental processes.
C)classical conditioning processes.
D)classical,operant,and observational processes.
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Chapter 7: Memory
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275 Verified Questions
275 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The theory that states that we forget information because other information gets in the way is the _______ theory.
A)signal detection
B)trace decay
C)interference
D)inhibition
Q2) Jasmine needs to remember an 8-line poem for her 5th-grade English class next week.Her mother suggests that she link the first few words from each line with a different part of their home,starting with the front door.This suggestion is most similar to the memory strategy known as
A)an acronym.
B)the keyword method.
C)the method of loci.
D)the pegword method.
Q3) What is the capacity of short-term memory?
A)7 bits of information
B)7 chunks of information
C)12 letters,if measured by Sperling's partial report technique
D)16 letters,if measured by Sperling's partial report technique
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Thought and Language
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195 Verified Questions
195 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the best example of a well-defined problem?
A)Larry is unhappy with his life.
B)Cassandra needs to think of a good subject for a painting.
C)Jennifer wants to quit smoking.
D)Oscar needs to choose a major for college.
Q2) The concepts of dog,cat,and goldfish can be grouped together to form a _____________ called pets.
A)prototype
B)mental set
C)superconcept
D)category
Q3) What term do psychologists use to describe our tendency to search for evidence that supports our belief and to ignore evidence that might disprove it?
A)confirmation bias
B)convergent thinking
C)availability heuristic
D)representativeness heuristic
Q4) An extreme _____________ is an individual who attempt to evaluate every option for every choice until they find the perfect fit.
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Chapter 9: Intelligence, aptitude, and Cognitive Abilities
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209 Verified Questions
209 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to your textbook,what is the most likely explanation for why children born during the first part of the calendar year tend to have higher verbal and mathematical aptitude?
A)prenatal exposure to flu
B)they are the oldest students in their class year
C)temperature during infancy
D)exposure to sunlight during infancy
Q2) Which of the following is a key advantage to using a standardized test?
A)The test can be tailored to individual test takers.
B)Test takers know what information they will be tested on before taking the test.
C)Standardization allows results to be compared across individuals.
D)There are no advantages to standardized tests.
Q3) Sal is being evaluated as a possible candidate for the space program.On which of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences would we expect him to excel if he is a good candidate?
A)spatial reasoning
B)interpersonal
C)naturalist
D)intrapersonal
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Life Span Development
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288 Verified Questions
288 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The mother of a young child who didn't like to drink juice was trying to coax him to drink some.Taking the glass of juice,she poured it all into a smaller cup and said,"There! Now you won't have to drink so much." She would never have fooled the child if he had not been in the _______ stage.
A)preconventional
B)preoperational
C)concrete operational
D)formal operational
Q2) According to Piaget,knowledge accumulates and is modified by which two processes?
A)sensation and motion
B)egocentrism and theory of mind
C)conservation and object permanence
D)assimilation and accommodation
Q3) Which of the following memories is an older adult most likely to have difficulty remembering?
A)how to type on a keyboard without looking
B)the name of the telephone's inventor
C)how to change the oil on a car
D)the specific events that occurred last Thanksgiving
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Chapter 11: Motivation and Emotion
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207 Verified Questions
207 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about how humans display emotions?
A)While some basic emotions are universally recognized,different cultures have unique ways of displaying some emotions.
B)All emotional displays are understood across all cultures.
C)There are no emotional displays that are universally understood across all cultures.
D)Emotional displays are determined by context,but not by culture.
Q2) Schachter proposed that two things have to happen before emotion occurs: _____ and _____.
A)physical arousal; fight or flight.
B)cognition; behavior
C)physical arousal; labeling
D)behavior; physical arousal
Q3) A need that energizes and directs behavior towards some goal is known as a _______.
A)cue
B)behavior
C)motive
D)stimulus
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13
Chapter 12: Personality
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241 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) An orally fixated person would most likely:
A)be an only child.
B)dislike his or her father.
C)be a sloppy dresser.
D)eat and smoke a great deal.
Q2) Which of the following is true about personality and nonhuman animals?
A)Personality has only been observed in one species of bird,the Parus major.
B)The Big Five personality traits have been found in many different species.
C)Only primates have true personalities.
D)Humans are the only animal with personalities.
Q3) The libido is dormant during the __________ stage.
A)genital
B)latent
C)phallic
D)anal
Q4) The id is motivated by the desire for ____________.
A)free will
B)instant gratification
C)moral perfection
D)social acceptability
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Chapter 13: Psychological Disorders
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273 Verified Questions
273 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about the average brain of individuals with schizophrenia when they are compared to the brains of persons who do not have the disorder?
A)There are no known anatomical differences.
B)The overall size of the brain is actually larger than normal in people with schizophreniA
C)Dopamine activity is lower than normal in people with schizophreniA
D)The fluid-filled spaces at the core of the brain are larger in people with schizophreniA
Q2) Insanity is a legal term that is used neither by psychologists nor by psychiatrists in research or diagnosis.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Megan's therapist has diagnosed her with both major depression and generalized anxiety disorder.This is an example of _______________,because Megan is suffering from both disorders at the same time.
Q4) ______________ are sudden,intense episodes of anxiety that rarely last for more than 10 minutes.
Q5) Why do many researchers consider schizophrenia a brain disorder?
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Therapies
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236 Verified Questions
236 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) After a brief early commitment to hypnosis as a method of uncovering unconscious material,Freud later developed his psychoanalytic method of:
A)factor analysis.
B)situational determinism.
C)empathy.
D)free association.
Q2) A major strength of cognitive-behavioral therapy is that:
A)it has been particularly effective in treating depression,anxiety,and eating disorders. B)it prevents resistance from occurring.
C)it is not affected by the quality of the client- therapist relationship.
D)it develops transference between client and therapist.
Q3) SSRIs have been shown to increase _______________,the growth of brand-new neurons,in the hippocampus.
Q4) A psychodynamic therapist would terminate therapy if a client reported that she had fallen in love with him.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe four key differences between humanistic therapies and psychoanalysis.
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Chapter 15: Social Psychology
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249 Verified Questions
249 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Even though he thought the Army Reserve's short hair regulation was silly,Ted really wanted the extra money Reserve duty provided to him,so he kept his hair short.This is an example of:
A)conformity.
B)reactance.
C)private acceptance.
D)a role.
Q2) Which factor influences aggressive behavior?
A)The limbic system
B)The person's characteristics only
C)The situation only
D)All of the above factors influence aggressive behavior
Q3) The fundamental attribution error is especially prevalent in Eastern Asian cultures,such as India and Japan.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Not belching at the dinner table is an example of a(n)_______________,an unwritten rule about how to behave in a certain social context.
Q5) ______________ attribution is also known as situational attribution.
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Chapter 16: Krause and Corts
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199 Verified Questions
199 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In which stage of the general adaptation syndrome has the body reached the limits of its ability to adapt to stress,which may result in the development of stress-related diseases?
A)alarm
B)collapse
C)exhaustion
D)resistance
Q2) Rosalie is a rather easy-going kind of woman.She works hard when she's at the office,but she refuses to do more than 40 hours of work per week.She knows that she could earn more money if she worked harder but she really values time at home with her husband and children.She likes to garden,listen to music,and sip wine while sitting on her deck during a sunset.Rosalie even turns off her cell phone during the weekends so that she won't be bothered.Rosalie has a __________ personality.
A)Type A
B)Type AB
C)Type B
D)Type C
Q3) When an animal or person develops __________________,they will endure pain even when it is possible to avoid or escape it.
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Krause and Corts
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186 Verified Questions
186 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A key part of the hiring process is ______________,which is the process of writing a detailed description of a position in terms of the required KSAOs.
A)job analysis.
B)job crafting.
C)employee targeting.
D)validation study.
Q2) Employers frequently use ______________ tests to help them select employees who are likely to succeed at their jobs.
A)reaction time
B)personality
C)mental health
D)stress
Q3) Which U.S.government agency oversees formal charges of sexual harassment?
A)Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
B)The Better Business Bureau
C)Occupational Safety and Health Administration
D)Department of Commerce and Labor
Q4) Modern technology has led to the development of _____________ teams,where team members may never even meet in person.
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