General Psychology Exam Review
Course Introduction
General Psychology provides a comprehensive introduction to the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Covering foundational topics such as biological bases of behavior, perception, learning, memory, cognition, emotion, motivation, development, personality, psychological disorders, and social interaction, the course emphasizes both classic theories and contemporary research findings. Students will explore the methods psychologists use to study the mind and behavior while gaining insight into how psychological principles apply across various aspects of daily life.
Recommended Textbook
Mastering the World of Psychology 5th Edition by Samuel E. Wood
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15 Chapters
2838 Verified Questions
2838 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology
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182 Verified Questions
182 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) "If children watch violent cartoons, then they will become more aggressive." According to the scientific method, this statement is a _____
A)guess.
B)theory.
C)hypothesis.
D)fact.
Answer: C
Q2) A researcher has conducted an experiment in which she assigned all of her students four hours of homework the night before a test, in order to see what effect the extra stress has on test performance. The study is flawed because the researcher did not include a(n)_____
A)control group.
B)experimental group.
C)independent variable.
D)random sample.
Answer: A
Q3) Psychology is more than just common sense because it utilizes the _____ to acquire knowledge.
Answer: scientific method
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Biology and Behavior
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sensory and motor nerves are part of the _____ nervous system.
A)somatic
B)autonomic
C)sympathetic
D)parasympathetic
Answer: A
Q2) Samuel still felt enraged hours after he was cut off on the highway, and he wanted to hit somebody. This may be because his _____ glands are still signaling his brain, maintaining this response to the earlier threat.
A)thymus
B)sex
C)pineal
D)adrenal
Answer: D
Q3) The _____ allows for voluntary body movement and is located within the _____ lobe.
Answer: motor cortex; frontal
Q4) The _____ nervous system mobilizes the body's resources in an emergency. Answer: sympathetic
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Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception
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188 Verified Questions
188 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When information is taken in through the senses, the process is referred to as _____
A)synesthesia.
B)processing.
C)sensation.
D)perception.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following statements is true about having a cell phone turned on while driving?
A)It will have no effect as long as you do not text on it.
B)It will not be a problem if you are using a hands-free phone.
C)Even ignoring signals from it seriously affects your attention and your driving.
D)As long as you ignore signals until you are at a stop, it does not seriously affect your driving.
Answer: C
Q3) In order to perceive a stimulus, that stimulus has to meet or exceed the _____ threshold; in order to detect a change in that stimulus, the stimulus has to meet or exceed the _____ threshold.
Answer: absolute; difference
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Chapter 4: Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is it that someone with somnambulism can walk around without falling?
Q2) Why do some individuals claim that people only dream in the REM stage of sleep?
Q3) _____ is the neurotransmitter released during REM sleep that is responsible for increasing blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration.
Q4) Which of the following is classified as a depressant?
A)cocaine
B)alcohol
C)heroin
D)marijuana
Q5) Morphine and heroin duplicate the action of _____
A)endorphins.
B)alcohol.
C)cigarettes.
D)LSD.
Q6) If left untreated, severe sleep apnea can disturb physiological functioning and result in _____ and _____.
Q7) _____ refer to the category of sleep disturbances such as walking or talking that take place during sleep, whereas _____ are a group of sleep disturbances categorized by difficulties in the timing, quantity, or quality of sleep.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Learning
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If Crystal comes in after her curfew, she will be grounded. In terms of operant conditioning, that would be _____.
Q2) Skinner found that a pigeon reinforced for pecking at a yellow disk is likely to peck at another disk similar in color. This is an example of _____
A)generalization.
B)shaping.
C)extinction.
D)classical conditioning.
Q3) People who are exposed repeatedly to unpleasant events over which they have no control may become passively resigned to those outcomes. This is called _____
A)avoidance learning.
B)learned helplessness.
C)extinction.
D)cognitive dissonance.
Q4) Robert Rescorla's research implied that _____ was the critical element in classical conditioning, not simply the repeated pairings of the unconditioned and conditioned stimuli.
Q5) Two of the four disadvantages to using punishment are _____ and _____.
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Chapter 6: Memory
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190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Alexandra's father was excited to learn about her first day of kindergarten. When he picked her up, he asked how her day was. "Good," she said. He wanted to know more so he asked her to tell him about her day and all of the things she did. While Alexandra couldn't remember exactly, she told him they had circle time, then writing time, then recess, then snack time, then quiet reading time. Which process did Alexandra use to tell her father about her day?
A)metacognition
B)relearning
C)eidetic imagery
D)reconstruction
Q2) _____ holds information brought in through our senses but only for a very brief amount of time.
A)Long-term memory
B)Sensory memory
C)Short-term memory
D)Working memory
Q3) The three basic processes, in addition to consolidation, required for remembering are _____, _____, and _____.
Q4) Why is recall generally more difficult than recognition?
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Chapter 7: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who came up with the triarchic theory of intelligence?
A)David Wechsler
B)Howard Gardner
C)Robert Sternberg
D)Charles Spearman
Q2) Individuals with mild mental retardation, in the _____ range, can usually acquire academic s to about the _____ grade level.
A)50 to 60; third
B)55 to 70; sixth
C)60 to 80; eighth
D)40 to 60; first
Q3) Educational programs for the mentally retarded rely heavily on _____
A)discipline.
B)medications.
C)behavior modification.
D)Freudian theory.
Q4) The SAT and ACT are examples of _____ tests, whereas a math test taken at the end of a semester would be considered a(n)_____ test.
Q5) How do we know that creativity and intelligence are different?
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Chapter 8: Human Development
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189 Verified Questions
189 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Justin is cared for by his grandmother while his mother is away at work. Justin is an active and imaginative kid who sometimes pretends he is Superman and tries to get his grandmother to play along. Other times he makes up games with rules and asks his grandmother to join in. She is often put off by these behaviors and tells him to go sit down quietly and read a book. According to the psychosocial stages of development, Justin will likely develop a _____
A)sense that people cannot be trusted.
B)sense of guilt about initiating the new activities.
C)sense of "feeling stuck" and not feel like he has accomplished anything important.
D)sense of pride regarding his accomplishments.
Q2) Hypothetico-deductive thinking is to the formal operational stage as _____ is to the preoperational stage.
Q3) "Mom, I have an idea... how about we go for a walk?" said 4-year-old Tyrone. According to Erikson, Tyrone's question reflects the _____ stage of Erikson's psychosocial development theory.
Q4) Erik Erikson believed that the groundwork for our adult personality was laid primarily during _____.
Q5) Why is a secure infant attachment so important?
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Chapter 9: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____ implies that the primary reason for motivation is to maintain just the right level of mental and physical activity and alertness-not being too bored or too overwhelmed.
A)drive-reduction theory
B)Schachter-Singer theory
C)arousal theory
D)Cannon-Bard theory
Q2) Which of the following factors play a role in the inhibition of eating?
A)low blood glucose levels
B)cholecystokinin
C)stomach contractions
D)the appetizing smell of food
Q3) According to Clark Hull, an internal state of tension is called _____
A)a balanced internal state.
B)a basic need.
C)homeostasis.
D)a drive.
Q4) Compare and contrast the Schachter-Singer theory with the Lazarus theory. Demonstrate your understanding by including examples of the theories.
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Chapter 10: Health and Stress
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190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A group of students was tested after a week of final exams. They were found to have a lowered antibody count, indicating a suppressed immune system. Which of the following is correct?
A)Their antibody count returned to normal in 48 hours.
B)Within 48 hours they were all sick.
C)They still had a low antibody count 2 weeks later.
D)Two weeks later, they still felt very stressed.
Q2) _____ is an event, thing, or occurrence that can cause us to feel challenged.
A)A stressor
B)An uplift
C)Motivation
D)Self-actualization
Q3) T cells are to _____ as B cells are to _____
A)stress; health.
B)antibodies; lymphocytes.
C)antigens; the thymus gland.
D)the thymus gland; bone marrow.
Q4) How does a low T cell count relate to illness?
Q5) Unlike normal human cells, cancer cells _____ unless destroyed by proper treatment.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Personality Theory and Assessment
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190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Freud, the thoughts, feelings, sensations, or memories that a person is not consciously aware of at the moment, but that may be easily brought to consciousness, defines the _____
A)ego ideal.
B)conscious.
C)preconscious.
D)unconscious.
Q2) _____ is another term for a person's sense of self-worth.
A)Self-esteem
B)Reciprocal determinism
C)Catharsis
D)Cattell's cardinal trait
Q3) Which of the following researchers is known for his/her work with the PEN model?
A)Raymond Cattell
B)Hans Eysenck
C)Gordon Allport
D)Karen Horney
Q4) According to the five-factor model of personality, the _____ dimension would likely have a strong, positive correlation with creativity.
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Chapter 12: Defining Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a dissociative disorder, an individual's consciousness becomes separated from their _____ and/or _____
A)memory; identity.
B)body; brain.
C)motor; sensory function.
D)personality; knowledge.
Q2) We know that there is a _____ component to the risk of developing schizophrenia.
A)parenting
B)genetic
C)learned
D)bacterial
Q3) The class of disorders in which a person experiences recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving children, other nonconsenting persons, nonhuman objects, or the suffering or humiliation of the individual or his or her partner is _____
A)pseudosexual disorders.
B)pedophilias.
C)paraphilias.
D)sadomasochism disorders.
Q4) Why would a forensic psychologist testify in court?
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Chapter 13: Therapies
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190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The two cognitive psychologists who developed successful cognitive therapies directed at changing irrational thoughts, beliefs, and/or ideas are _____ and _____.
Q2) List the insight therapies, state their goals, and discuss the techniques used in each.
Q3) Thorazine and Mellaril fall into the category of _____ drugs.
Q4) What is the purpose of Beck's cognitive therapy?
Q5) Humanistic psychologists believe that psychological disorders result when _____
A)self-actualization is attained too early.
B)an individual's object of relation is an unhealthy one.
C)the natural tendency toward realizing one's inner potential is blocked by oneself or others.
D)transference interferes with one's authentic self.
Q6) Insight therapies work by increasing an individual's understanding of his/her own _____
A)coping mechanisms and thoughts, but not motives and behaviors.
B)thoughts, behaviors, coping mechanisms, emotions, and motives.
C)motives, emotions, and thoughts, with no focus on behaviors.
D)thoughts, coping mechanisms, and behaviors but not emotions.
Q7) What are the different types of therapists and what do they all have in common?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Social Psychology
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The intentional steps we take to influence others' opinions of us defines _____
A)impression management.
B)social cognition.
C)the primacy effect.
D)impression formation.
Q2) Why is deception sometimes necessary in psychological research?
Q3) The tendency to feel more positively toward a stimulus as a result of repeated exposure to it defines _____
A)proximity.
B)mere-exposure effect.
C)reciprocity.
D)the halo effect.
Q4) A strategy in which someone makes an attractive initial offer to get a person to commit to an action and then makes the terms less favorable is known as _____
A)obedience.
B)the foot-in-the-door technique.
C)conformity.
D)the low-ball technique.
Q5) What effect does groupthink have on decision making? Why?
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Chapter 15: Human Sexuality and Gender
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190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Joanie had a complete physical and was told she had chlamydia. The advanced state of the infection indicated it had probably been present for at least a year. Why had Joanie not gotten this treated sooner?
A)She repressed knowledge of the obvious symptoms because she was ashamed.
B)The sores did not hurt and went away quickly so she ignored it.
C)Chlamydia starts as a rash that can look like an allergy.
D)There were no symptoms to tell her something was wrong.
Q2) Joan is obsessed with stories about cowboys. In these stories, the bad guy always wears a black hat. Because of this, her schema for bad, dangerous men includes black clothing and, especially, black hats. One day, her car breaks down on the highway and a man dressed entirely in black and wearing a black hat stops and helps her. Which of the following is she most likely to think?
A)"Wow, I'd better change my ideas about men in black."
B)"How strange, he must be the exception to the rule."
C)"Maybe it is men in white who are dangerous."
D)"All those cowboy stories had it wrong!"
Q3) A combination of desirable masculine and feminine characteristics in one person is called _____.
Q4) Adults who are _____ report the greatest satisfaction with their sex lives.
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