General Psychology
Exam Materials
Course Introduction
General Psychology is an introductory course that explores the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Topics include the history and methods of psychology, biological bases of behavior, sensation and perception, learning, memory, cognition, emotion, development, personality, psychological disorders, and social interactions. Through lectures, discussions, and practical examples, students gain a broad understanding of key psychological concepts and how they apply to everyday life, as well as an appreciation for the diversity and complexity of human thought and behavior.
Recommended Textbook
THINK Psychology 2nd Edition by Abigail
A. Baird
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18 Chapters
2429 Verified Questions
2429 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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143 Verified Questions
143 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identifying a problem is the first step in a scientific investigation.This step is derived from which goal of psychology?
A) describing
B) explaining
C) predicting
D) controlling
Answer: A
Q2) Of psychologists who recently received doctoral degrees,which area of psychology was the specialty where nearly half of them were employed?
A) Clinical psychology
B) Developmental psychology
C) Experimental psychology
D) Counseling psychology
Answer: A
Q3) Psychologist Mary Calkins introduced the theories of structuralism to the United States.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Research Methods
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140 Verified Questions
140 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Russell is conducting a study that employs naturalistic observation of teenagers at a local shopping mall food court.He is observing their "flirting" behaviors,and hypothesizes that the better clothes a teenager wears,the more likely he or she is to be flirted with.As he makes his observations,one of his research partners notices that he does not pay attention to the teenagers who have less "nice" clothing nearly as much as he does to those kids who have a lot of trendy,fashionable clothing.Russell is falling prey to which disadvantage of naturalistic observation?
A) Blind bias
B) Observer bias
C) Hindsight bias
D) Double-blind bias
Answer: B
Q2) The most efficient way to get a large amount of data from a large number of participants is to conduct a survey.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: The Human Brain
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Both CT (computed tomography)and PET (positron emission tomography)neuroimaging techniques were developed in the 1970s.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) When you drive down the street listening to your car's radio,you may not think about the fact that the music is received by the radio's antenna.Which part of the human neuron serves the same purpose as an antenna; that is,receiving information?
A) somas
B) dendrites
C) synaptic knobs
D) axon termini
Answer: B
Q3) There are three lobes of the cerebral cortex,including the frontal,parietal,and occipital lobes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Genetics and Evolution
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The physical expression of a genetic code is called a(n)__________.
A) allele
B) phenotype
C) genotype
D) genome
Q2) The fact that human beings have an elongated torso,strong lower/hind limbs,and weak upper/forelimbs demonstrates that we are biologically __________ to walk on two legs.
A) developed
B) advantaged
C) premeditated
D) prepared
Q3) Since males are slightly larger than females,it follows that humans tend to be primarily monogamous and slightly polygynous.
A)True
B)False
Q4) An organism's reproductive cells are called gametes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The intensity of a particularly wave of light is related to our visual experience of that color's __________.
A) saturation
B) brightness
C) purity
D) hue
Q2) The part of the nose that exists in many mammals that is responsible for the reception of pheromones is called the __________ organ.
A) epithelial
B) pheroreceptive
C) vomeronasal
D) olfactory
Q3) In the movie DareDevil,the main character suffered an injury to his eyes,and for the rest of his life was able to "see sounds." His interpretation of one sort of sensory input as another type of perception demonstrates __________.
A) synesthesia
B) sensory adjustment
C) perceptual adaptation
D) pragnanz perception
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Consciousness
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132 Verified Questions
132 Flashcards
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Sample
Questions
Q1) Franklin had a dream last night that he was floating down a river in a boat with no oars.He had no motor,no sail,and no way of controlling the boat.According to Freud,the best example of the latent content of the dream would be
A) Franklin is feeling that some part of his life is out of control.
B) The boat is the latent content of the dream.
C) Franklin's parents are the latent content of the dream.
D) The river is the latent content of the dream.
Q2) Many over-the-counter remedies have names that resemble the actual chemical or physiological mechanism that they impact.Which of the following product names would be most likely to affect your ability to sleep?
A) Superseratone
B) Dopaminex
C) Melatonex
D) Adrenalaccel
Q3) Stimulation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus triggers the release of hypocretin,a hormone that induces sleepiness.
A)True
B)False
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Learning
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The beauty of birthday presents is that you get them once a year.No matter how much you beg,you generally will not get them until the full year has passed.This is an example of a __________ schedule of partial reinforcement.
A) fixed interval
B) variable interval
C) variable ratio
D) fixed ratio
Q2) According to the mass action principle,which kinds of tasks are most affected by lesions to the brain?
A) Complex tasks
B) Simple tasks
C) Continuous tasks
D) Precipitated tasks
Q3) All learning is,in some way,a result of __________.
A) experience
B) interpretation
C) reflection
D) interaction with media
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Chapter 8: Memory
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133 Verified Questions
133 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The three basic types of memory are sensory memory,working memory,and permanent memory
A)True
B)False
Q2) Explicit memories are those memories that we choose to encode,while implicit memories are those that we encode unintentionally.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One way that implicit memories can be formed is through __________,which occurs when an association is made between two different stimuli.
A) imploding B) flooding C) encoding D) conditioning
Q4) The lone sin of intrusion,according to Daniel Schacter,is bias.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Cognition and Intelligence
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136 Verified Questions
136 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Robert Sternberg suggested that there are eight different types of intelligence in each human being,although each individual has his or her own combination of strengths and weaknesses.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Randi loves to cook,but unfortunately she finds herself almost incapable of creating meals by just "throwing together" different ingredients.She requires a recipe to make her dishes,and she follows those recipes precisely as written.According to Robert Sternberg,which type of intelligence does Randi fail to demonstrate her cooking skills?
A) Analytical
B) Creative
C) Practical
D) Social
Q3) Newell and Simon suggested that we examine a problem in terms of four areas - the initial state,the incomplete state,the goal state,and the set of operations.
A)True
B)False
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Human Development I: Physical, Cognitive, and Language Development
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The elementary vowel and consonant sounds that combine to form morphemes are called __________.
A) syntacks
B) phonics
C) phonemes
D) consonemes
Q2) Though the recent research has its problems,it has suggested which of the following trends about intelligence changes as we age?
A) Generally, intelligence is very stable, and may even increase into later adulthood.
B) Intelligence is a very static phenomenon - there are no significant changes that occur over the course of the lifespan.
C) It is very clear that intelligence is an inverted-U shaped curve - it starts low, increases through childhood into adulthood, and then shows a significant decline as we get over the age of 70 years.
D) Intelligence is a linear phenomenon - it slowly increases as we age from childhood to adulthood, getting higher the older we get.
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12
Chapter 11: Sex and Gender
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133 Verified Questions
133 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Several different species of animals have been found to engage in homosexual activities,with of members of those species engaging in exclusively homosexual behavior.
A)True
B)False
Q2) __________ is a biological phenomenon,while __________ is a socially constructed phenomenon.
A) Sex; sex role
B) Gender role; gender stereotype
C) Gender; sex
D) Sex; gender
Q3) While women are generally shorter and less muscular than men,there is good news! Which of the following statements has been supported by research findings?
A) Women, on average, have larger parietal lobes in their brains than men.
B) Women, on average, are better at puzzles of spatial skill than men.
C) Women, on average, have more muscle and less fat than men.
D) Women, on average, live 5 years longer than men.
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13
Chapter 12: Human Development II: Social Development
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1960,the average age for marriage was ___ years for a woman and ___ years for a man.
A) 21; 27
B) 18; 27
C) 21; 23
D) 18; 23
Q2) Theorist __________ believed that every stage of life has a crisis in need of resolution.
A) Carl Jung
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Erik Erikson
D) Jean Piaget
Q3) The distinction between a person's chronological age and his or her social age is one that was first emphasized by behavioral scientist ____________.
A) Bernice Neugarten
B) Erik Erikson
C) Carol Gilligan
D) Sandra Bem
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Chapter 13: Emotion and Motivation
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The small structure in the brain that assesses the emotional significance of stimuli is called the amygdala.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The __________ component of emotion refers to a heightened bodily reaction to a stimulus.
A) cognitive
B) biological
C) expressive
D) physiological
Q3) The nucleus __________ is an area of the brain underneath the frontal cortex that is involved in experiencing pleasure.Stimulation of this area in depressed people releases dopamine and triggers smiling and laughing.
A) cureleus
B) accumbens
C) abducens
D) chiasm
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Chapter 14: Social Psychology
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136 Verified Questions
136 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research into the mere exposure phenomenon finds that simple exposure between two groups of people is not enough to reduce prejudice,but rather
A) groups exposed to each other will be able to reduce prejudice as long as the reasons for their feelings are not actively discussed, thus preventing arguments that can lead to violence.
B) groups will only reduce prejudice if they interact in a setting where negativity and prejudice are overtly and covertly discouraged, like in a church or temple.
C) groups being exposed to those about whom they hold prejudice only serves to increase those tensions.
D) groups working together in a cooperative manner help reduce prejudice.
Q2) The basis of attribution theory,which suggests that we try to understand behaviors of ourselves or others by attributing them to internal or external causes,was formulated and proposed by __________.
A) Stanley Milgram
B) Fritz Heider
C) Solomon Asch
D) Thomas Merton
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Chapter 15: Health and Stress
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Maria is a(n)__________ psychologist.She is engaged in research that explores the extent to which various factors of inner city living - water quality,noise pollution,crime,air pollution - affect the physical and psychological health of the residents of those areas.
A) biopsychosocial
B) health
C) environmental
D) urban
Q2) Behavioral medicine refers to the interventions used by physicians in a hospital setting.They include ECT,psychopharmacology,or psychosurgery.
A)True
B)False
Q3) There are two steps involved in making a cognitive appraisal of a stressor,and they are the
primary appraisal and the secondary appraisal.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Personality and Individual Differences
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An outcome __________ is a person's assumptions about the consequences of his or her own behavior.
A) presumption
B) anticipation
C) prediction
D) expectancy
Q2) The __________ paradox is the observation that personality ratings are consistent across time and among different observers,but that behavior ratings are not.
A) reliability
B) nomothetic
C) consistency
D) neuropersonality
Q3) A __________ is a person's transient disposition to behave in a certain way.
A) trait
B) reaction
C) state
D) personality
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Chapter 17: Psychological Disorders
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138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____ of the brain is to positive emotions as the ____ of the brain is to negative emotions.
A) parietal lobe; frontal lobe
B) right hemisphere; left hemisphere
C) frontal lobe; parietal lobe
D) left hemisphere; right hemisphere
Q2) Which of the following diagnoses is marked by a pathological need to be the center of attention in nearly every situation?
A) Prosocial personality disorder
B) Narcissistic personality disorder
C) Histrionic personality disorder
D) Borderline personality disorder
Q3) The study of psychopathology has intentionally ignored the influence of culture,since
psychiatric illnesses are universal and not unique to one group or another.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Psychological Therapies
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr.Zenkman believes that as a therapist his most effective role is being an advocate of his client's road to psychological wellness.He feels that his years of training in psychology are secondary to his client's ability to accept himself,see himself honestly,and find and utilize his own skills and abilities.Dr.Zenkman would most likely describe himself as a __________ therapist.
A) person-centered
B) cognitive
C) psychoanalytic
D) behavioral
Q2) What would be the primary type of setting where you would find a counselor working?
A) In a private practice
B) In a hospital
C) In a school or institutional setting
D) In a medical practice
Q3) The terms 'client' and 'patient' mean the same thing and are interchangeable.
A)True
B)False
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