Gender and Society
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
This course explores the complex relationships between gender and society, examining how gender identities and roles are constructed, maintained, and challenged across different cultures and historical periods. Drawing on sociological theories and interdisciplinary perspectives, students will analyze the influence of gender on social institutions, such as family, work, education, media, and politics. The course also addresses intersectionality, considering how gender interacts with race, class, sexuality, and other social categories to shape individual experiences and societal structures. Through critical discussions and case studies, students will develop a deeper understanding of gender dynamics and their impact on contemporary social issues.
Recommended Textbook
Gender Ideas Interactions Institutions 2nd Edition by Lisa Wade
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12 Chapters
381 Verified Questions
381 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Ideas
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What types of people are recognized within society's gender binary?
A)male-bodied people who are masculine and female-bodied people who are feminine
B)male-bodied people who are masculine or feminine and female-bodied people who are masculine or feminine
C)male-bodied people who are feminine and female-bodied people who are masculine
D)male-bodied people who are masculine,female-bodied people who are feminine,and intersex people who are masculine and feminine
Answer: A
Q2) The fact that men are more likely than women to get breast reductions and women are more likely than men to get breast implants is an example of
A)efforts to enhance the illusion of the gender binary.
B)efforts by intersex people to fit into their given sex.
C)gender dysphoria.
D)the personal exception theory of gender.
Answer: A
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3
Chapter 2: Bodies
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr.Sanchez has analyzed standardized test results for two countries and discovered that in Country 1 there are almost identical distributions of physics scores for male and female students,while in Country 2 male students performed better than female students.Which explanation best accounts for these differences in scores?
A)Country 1 is a more gender-equal society than Country 2.
B)Country 2 is a more gender-equal society than Country 1.
C)Physics ability is less likely than math to reflect real biological differences,so it's expected that there will be gender differences by country.
D)Physics ability is more likely than math to reflect real biological differences,so it's expected that there will be gender differences by country.
Answer: A
Q2) What is meant by the idea that many biological characteristics are mutable?
A)They are responsive to external efforts to shift or disrupt them.
B)Biological sex differences evolve over many generations.
C)The primary biological characteristics that differentiate men and women have changed over time.
D)Biological sex differences have been found to have no scientific basis.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Performances
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32 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Around age six,children become very concerned with doing gender correctly.What does this rigidity tell us about gender norms?
A)It is strong evidence that there is a biological predisposition toward binary male and female identities.
B)They are learning that gender rules are important,but haven't yet figured out whether and how to break them.
C)It is strong evidence that early childhood socialization is the most powerful force shaping adult gender roles.
D)It is a symptom of nonegalitarian parenting.
Answer: B
Q2) Which individual is the LEAST likely to be policed?
A)a short,thin cisgender man
B)a tall,strong cisgender woman
C)a tall,strong trans woman
D)a short,thin cisgender woman
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Intersections
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31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why are there a lot more Super Moms than Super Dads and fewer female Breadwinners than male Breadwinners?
A)Men who take care of children and do housework are held to higher standards than women.
B)Men who like cooking,cleaning,and raising children do this less well than women.
C)Men graduate from college in considerably higher numbers than women,thus making them likely to be higher wage earners.
D)Men are less likely to be policed than women if they focus on their work.
Q2) What is one example of how gendered rules apply differently to men and women as they age?
A)Women face ageism everywhere,while men do not.
B)Men have two options for looking attractive: young boy or adult man,while women have only one option: young girl.
C)Women are pushed to age gracefully and rewarded more than men if they do.
D)Older women are exempt from being judged on attractiveness,while older men are still assessed for how good-looking they are.
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Chapter 5: Inequality: Men and Masculinities
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following changes accompanied the transition of cheerleading from a masculine activity to a feminine one?
A)Cheerleading gained in popularity and became a desirable pursuit.
B)The type of skills cheerleading required changed,so that this activity came to demand much more athleticism than in the past.
C)The traits associated with the ideal character of a cheerleader changed from valiant to cute.
D)Cheerleading was viewed much more seriously and less likely to be trivialized.
Q2) Which of the following is true of hegemonic masculinity?
A)It is the combination of traits and attributes found in powerful men like CEOs and football stars.
B)It is an impossible ideal that functions to justify and naturalize gender inequality.
C)By approximating it,men feel most comfortable in their masculinity.
D)Men who are automatically excluded from the top of the masculine hierarchy (by virtue of their race,class,immigration status,or some other disadvantage)automatically reject it.
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7
Chapter 6: Inequality: Women and Femininities
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why do women make patriarchal bargains?
A)to be viewed as self-sacrificial
B)to limit the behavioral freedom enjoyed by men
C)to maximize their autonomy,safety,and well-being
D)to embrace anything associated with masculinity at all
Q2) Street harassment is an example of the relationship between hostile sexism and benevolent sexism because
A)friendly inquiries are sometimes followed up with angry or threatening ones if the woman doesn't properly respond.
B)it is harmless unless a woman decides she doesn't like it.
C)it dilutes hegemonic masculinity.
D)it happens to both women (hostile)and men (benevolent).
Q3) Marian declines a male coworker's offer of help for an upcoming presentation.The coworker then insults Marian's intelligence and says that she will fail in the upcoming assignment.Marian's coworker has demonstrated
A)androcentrism.
B)benevolent sexism.
C)hostile sexism.
D)gender equivocation.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Institutions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is gender salience? Give some examples of how the salience of gender in bathroom facilities varies.In light of these observations,what conclusions can we draw about what purpose sex-segregated bathrooms serve?
Q2) Since the passage of Title IX,the number of high school female athletes has increased
A)threefold.
B)fivefold.
C)eightfold.
D)tenfold.
Q3) What would happen if sports were not organized by gender but rather by ability?
A)We would see that women and men have equal ability and women would win as often as men.
B)We would see that women and men have such unequal abilities that they would still never compete against each other.
C)Beliefs in gender difference and inequality would not be routinely and ritualistically rehearsed through sport.
D)Competitions would no longer be fair.
Q4) Do you believe it's possible to just be an individual in today's society? Why or why not?
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Chapter 8: Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) How has urbanization created incentives to have fewer children?
A)Moving to cities makes people less religious.
B)Raising children in cities is more expensive.
C)More men than women live in cities.
D)Cities are less safe for children.
Q2) The increasing importance of the cosmetics industry from the 1920s to the present has reflected how
A)purity,domesticity,and romance were increasingly separate ideals for women to pursue.
B)courtship based on "dating" and "treating" have become less important.
C)women's investments in their appearance became strategically important.
D)women's sexual activities depended on their having the money to invest in these new goods.
Q3) The lives of men and women have changed dramatically during America's short history.Give an example each of a technological,economic,political,and demographic change and describe how it shifted gender relations.
Q4) Marriage has been socially organized under three models.Explain each model,the reasons it emerged,and why it fell out of society's favor (if it has).
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Sexualities
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does the erotic marketplace demonstrate gendered inequality?
A)Cultural norms suggest that women should be older than men.
B)Cultural norms suggest that women should be more accomplished than men.
C)Cultural norms suggest that men should be more attractive than women.
D)Cultural norms suggest that men should be more accomplished than women.
Q2) Are sexual scripts gendered?
A)Yes,there is an assertive masculine role and a responsive feminine role.
B)Yes,there is a responsive masculine role and an assertive feminine role.
C)No,both the masculine and feminine role are assertive.
D)No,both the masculine and feminine role are responsive.
Q3) When Audrey engages in sex,she positions her body so that it looks very flattering.She especially tries to accentuate her curves.Which term is Audrey demonstrating?
A)heterosexual male gaze
B)sexual subjectification
C)self-objectification
D)spectating
Q4) Based on data from OKCupid,how do age,race,class,and gender intersect to play a role in the erotic marketplace? Discuss at least two of the wider social implications of this differential "marketability."
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Chapter 10: Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some couples choose the breadwinner/homemaker arrangement even when they have egalitarian beliefs,often because
A)the alternative of being Super Mom is not practical for women of their social class or race.
B)the women have been socialized to accept a move to work full time on the second shift and men were socialized to be breadwinners.
C)there is a relatively large difference between what the average husband and average wife earn.
D)they know that maintaining care chains helps lower-income families.
Q2) Couples with class privilege can build and maintain an equal division of labor by A)remaining childless.
B)outsourcing more household labor.
C)sharing the same traditionalist orientation.
D)specializing in either household or market labor.
Q3) Explain the ideology of intensive motherhood.How does this ideology view the role of the mother? Do you believe that this ideology is sexist? Is it androcentric? Why or why not?
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Chapter 11: Work
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Sample
Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements best describes the socialization hypothesis for explaining job segregation?
A)Men and women respond to gender stereotypes when planning,training,and applying for jobs.
B)Hiring often occurs through personal networks,which are themselves gendered,so hiring is gendered in turn.
C)Employers tend to prefer men for masculine jobs and women for feminine jobs,slotting applicants into gender-consistent roles during hiring and promotion.
D)Workers tend to abandon counterstereotypical occupations at a higher rate than stereotypical ones.
Q2) "Fly Me" was a 1970s National Airlines advertising campaign that
A)implied that flying was a thrill-seeking,masculine adventure.
B)sexually objectified flight attendants.
C)valued women and the role they played in the airline industry.
D)highlighted the importance of air travel for men in business.
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13
Chapter 12: Politics
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33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ideas that do not (yet)resonate with most members of a population are termed A)androcentric.
B)hegemonic.
C)individualistic.
D)radical.
Q2) Fiona believes that feminism should be more intersectionally inclusive,and she is a strong proponent of decentralized movements to advance feminist causes.Fiona is a good example of a __________ feminist.
A)first-wave
B)second-wave
C)third-wave
D)new-wave
Q3) Give concrete examples of three of the obstacles that contemporary feminists face.Discuss what it might take to overcome these obstacles and create more opportunities for feminist activism.
Q4) Explain the difference between the gender of governance and the governance of gender.Discuss two ways that the United States governs in gendered ways.Give one example of how the gender of governance is related to the symbolic and substantive representation of women in politics in the United States or some other country.
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