Fundamentals of Nursing Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Fundamentals of Nursing introduces students to the core principles and foundational skills essential for nursing practice. This course covers topics such as the nursing process, patient care techniques, health assessment, infection control, and the ethical and legal responsibilities of nurses. Emphasis is placed on developing critical thinking, communication, and clinical skills necessary for providing safe and effective care to patients across diverse healthcare settings. Through a combination of theoretical instruction and hands-on clinical experiences, students gain the knowledge and confidence required to begin their professional journey as competent nursing practitioners.
Recommended Textbook
Fundamentals of Nursing Active Learning for Collaborative Practice 1st Edition by Yoost
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42 Chapters
1050 Verified Questions
1050 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who refuses two units of packed red blood cells. The nurse notifies the health care provider of the patient's decision. The nurse is acting in the role of the:
A) Manager.
B) Change agent.
C) Advocate.
D) Educator.
Answer: C
Q2) During a staff meeting, the nurse manager announces that the hospital will be seeking Magnet status. In order to explain the requirements for this award, the nurse manager will contact the:
A) American Nurses Association (ANA).
B) American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC).
C) National League for Nursing (NLN).
D) Joint Commission.
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Values, Beliefs, and Caring
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is observed sitting at the bedside of a patient discussing the nursing care plan for the shift. Which theory or model most accurately reflects this nurse-patient relationship?
A) Swanson's Theory of Caring
B) Travelbee's Human-to-Human Relationship Model
C) Watson's Theory of Caring
D) Leininger Cultural Care Theory
Answer: A
Q2) A values system is a set of somewhat consistent values and measures that are organized hierarchically into a belief system on a continuum of relative importance. A value system is also:
A) culturally based.
B) unique to each individual.
C) a poor basis for making decisions.
D) rigid and uniform within a culture.
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse manager sends an e-mail to the nursing staff as a reminder for a scheduled monthly meeting. In doing so, the nurse manager understands that e-mail:
A) is usually slower than other methods to disseminate knowledge.
B) has the potential for miscommunication.
C) cannot be used to deliver vital information.
D) is especially effective because of the use of nonverbal cues.
Answer: B
Q2) A patient complains that several staff members entered the room during the morning bath without knocking. Which component of professional nursing communication has been violated in this scenario?
A) Collaboration
B) Advocacy
C) Assertiveness
D) Respect
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Critical Thinking in Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a patient is initially interviewed and assessed, the nurse must: (Select all that apply.)
A) analyze the patient's psychomotor status.
B) take the patient's vital signs.
C) weigh the patient using a bed scale.
D) evaluate the patient's emotional and spiritual needs.
E) ensure the coordination of the patient's care.
Q2) The nurse is reviewing the last 3 days of a patient's pain history and notes that the pain level has remained constant. The nurse validates the pain level with the patient and decides to contact the physician for further orders. In this scenario the nurse is using the process of:
A) decision making.
B) reasoning.
C) problem solving.
D) judgment.
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6
Chapter 5: Introduction to the Nursing Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse makes the following entry on the patient's care plan: "Goal not met. Patient refuses to walk and states, 'I'm afraid of falling.'" The nurse should:
A) ignore the patient's concern in evaluating goal attainment.
B) document the patient's unwillingness to continue the plan of care.
C) continue the plan of care as originally agreed upon.
D) modify the care plan in response to the patient's condition and wishes.
Q2) Which of the following statements would be considered objective data? (Select all that apply.)
A) "I'm short of breath."
B) "Blood pressure 90/68, apical pulse 102, skin pale and moist."
C) "Lung sounds clear bilaterally, diminished in right lower lobe."
D) "I feel weak all over when I exert myself."
E) "My pain level is down to 2. It was 8."
Q3) In which step of the nursing process does the nurse prioritize the nursing diagnoses and identify interventions to address the patient goals?
A) Assessment
B) Planning
C) Implementation
D) Evaluation
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Assessment
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Sample Questions
Q1) After the patient's data are collected, validated, and interpreted, the nurse organizes the information in a framework (format) that facilitates access by all members of the health care team. The framework that provides the most holistic view of the patient's condition is:
A) the head-to-toe pattern
B) Marjory Gordon's Functional Health Patterns.
C) the cephalic-caudal pattern.
D) the body systems model.
Q2) The nurse is assigned the admission health history and physical for a patient diagnosed with a fever of unknown etiology. The patient tells the nurse, "I just don't feel good. I'm so hot and I feel sick to my stomach. Can you ask me those questions later?" The best response by the nurse is:
A) "It will not take too long. I can hurry."
B) "We need the information to complete your admission paperwork."
C) "I will come back in a few minutes and we can start over."
D) "Let me see if you can have something for the nausea and then talk later."
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8
Chapter 7: Nursing Diagnosis
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a Vietnamese-American admitted to the intensive care unit as a result of malnutrition. The patient is unable to walk because of his malnutrition, and he has developed a pressure ulcer from lying in bed constantly without changing positions. The family believes that the patient is depressed and that is why he stopped getting up. When planning this patient's care, the nurse should:
A) develop multiple nursing diagnoses.
B) develop only one nursing diagnosis to aid in focusing.
C) focus on the physical issues facing this patient.
D) deal primarily with the patient's psychological needs.
Q2) The nurse in an outpatient clinic obtains a blood pressure of 190/88 mm Hg on a patient diagnosed with high blood pressure. The patient tells the nurse, "My blood pressure medicine is really expensive. Do you think I really need it?" The nurse assumes the patient is not taking the medication based on the blood pressure result and the patient's statement and chooses noncompliance as a diagnostic label. The action by the nurse is an example of:
A) clustering unrelated data in the diagnostic statement.
B) selecting erroneous data for use in the diagnostic statement.
C) using medical diagnoses in the diagnostic statement.
D) identifying multiple problems within one diagnostic statement.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Planning
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Sample Questions
Q1) In developing the nursing care plan, the nurse creates goals:
A) with the patient and possibly the family.
B) that the nurse wants the patient to achieve.
C) and actions needed to accomplish the goal.
D) that are aggressive to ensure success.
Q2) Physical therapy, home health care, and personal care are examples of:
A) collaborative interventions.
B) dependent nursing interventions.
C) independent nursing interventions.
D) assessment data.
Q3) The nurse is accurate when stating that adequate discharge planning:
A) "May decrease the incidence of patients required to return to the hospital."
B) "Increases complications and readmissions in most cases."
C) "Adapts to the situation as the patient's conditions changes."
D) "Should begin as soon as the patient is discharged home."
Q4) The nurse recognizes which of the following as a barrier to achieving goals?
A) The effects of pain and/or clinical depression
B) Patient involvement in setting patient goals
C) Family involvement in setting patient goals
D) Realistic expectations of the patient's capabilities.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Implementation and Evaluation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient with blindness. When reviewing the care plan, the nurse notes which of the following goals need to be modified?
A) The patient will report any drainage from the wound with a foul odor to the primary care provider after discharge.
B) The patient will agree to report pain promptly while hospitalized.
C) The patient will obtain no injuries while in the hospital.
D) The patient will report any wound drainage with a purulent appearance to the primary care provider after discharge.
Q2) Documentation is a vital nursing role since the patient's health record:
A) should be completed accurately and in a timely manner.
B) should not be computerized (EHR) because of disclosure risks.
C) is not a legal document although they can be helpful in lawsuits.
D) cannot be used in determining billing and reimbursement issues.
Q3) Of the following skills, which is considered an invasive procedure? (Select all that apply.)
A) Administering oral medications
B) Starting an intravenous (IV) line
C) Repositioning the patient.
D) Inserting a urinary catheter.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Documentation, Electronic Health Records, and Reporting
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is charting using electronic documentation. With electronic documentation:
A) errors can be corrected and totally removed from the record in the screen view.
B) log-on access to the electronic record identifies the person charting.
C) each entry requires the nurse to sign her/his name and credentials.
D) documenting significant changes in the electronic record ends the nurse's responsibility.
Q2) Nursing documentation is an important part of effective communication among nurses and with other health care providers. As such, the nurse:
A) documents facts.
B) documents how he/she feels about the care being provided.
C) documents in a "block" fashion once per shift.
D) double documents as often as possible in order to not miss anything.
Q3) A type of charting that records only abnormal or significant data is:
A) PIE.
B) SOAP.
C) narrative.
D) charting by exception.
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Chapter 11: Ethical and Legal Considerations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is providing care for a patient who demands discharge from the hospital against the physician's orders. In order to remove liability from the institution and the physician, the nurse has the patient review and sign the:
A) Against Medical Advice form.
B) Code of Academic and Clinical Conduct.
C) Nursing Code of Ethics.
D) Informed consent form.
Q2) The nurse is providing patient care and pays special attention to meeting the needs of the patient while maintaining the patient's right to privacy, confidentiality, autonomy, and dignity. This nurse is applying what ethical theory?
A) Deontology
B) Utilitarianism
C) Autonomy
D) Accountability
Q3) The nurse is providing end-of-life care. It is essential for the nurse to:
A) tell the patient what he might like to hear to relieve anxiety.
B) begin making health care decisions for the patient.
C) provide the patient with the nurse's personal opinions.
D) offer unconditional support for the patient and family.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Leadership and Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse manager of the emergency room believes that efficiency is the expected standard for her department. She also believes that efficiency lies in following established rules, policies, and guidelines. The only way to change procedures is to changes rules, policies, and guidelines. In order to run the emergency room with this philosophy, the nurse manager must take on the role of:
A) laissez-faire leader.
B) democratic leader.
C) bureaucratic leader.
D) autocratic leader.
Q2) The unit charge nurse uses reward and punishment to gain the cooperation of the nurses assigned to the unit. What type of leader is this charge nurse?
A) Transformation
B) Autocratic
C) Transactional
D) Situational
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Chapter 13: Evidence-Based Practice and Nursing Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and is interested in exploring the lived experiences of nurses responsible for approaching patients and family members about the donation of organs. This type of research would be considered:
A) grounded theory.
B) ethnography.
C) historical.
D) phenomenologic.
Q2) Testing the application of theories in different situations with different populations is considered to be:
A) applied research.
B) clinical research.
C) basic research.
D) quantitative research.
Q3) The nurse is ready to analyze the data obtained through a qualitative study. What approach to data analysis should the nurse use?
A) Content analysis
B) Statistical analysis
C) Coding of themes
D) Dissemination
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Health Literacy and Patient Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is working with a diabetic patient, and is attempting to teach psychomotor skills. This is occurring when the nurse has the patient:
A) verbally describe his feelings about diabetes.
B) answer three of five true-or-false questions about diabetes.
C) identify 3 positive lifestyle changes to manage blood sugar.
D) draw up and self-inject insulin correctly.
Q2) The nurse is preparing to teach a patient for the first time and needs to evaluate the health literacy of the patient. She uses the VARK assessment to:
A) assess the learning styles of the patient.
B) find the one method that the patient uses to learn.
C) be sure that the patient is a unimodal learner.
D) reduce the need for creating a collaborative learning plan.
Q3) In determining patient goals, the nurse should:
A) allow patients to identify what is most important to them.
B) take the lead and determine what is best for the patient.
C) should focus on health promotion and staying healthy.
D) explain the importance of avoiding complications.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Nursing Informatics
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Sample Questions
Q1) The use of telemonitoring offers the opportunity to: (Select all that apply.)
A) reduce cost of health care.
B) improve patient satisfaction.
C) increase duplicate orders.
D) improve patient outcomes.
E) improve organization.
Q2) The focus of nursing informatics is:
A) direct patient care.
B) increasing documentation time.
C) the introduction of different EHRs.
D) how patient care can be improved.
Q3) When using electronic medical records (EMR), the nurse knows that the EMR:
A) holds the documentation of a single episode of care.
B) is a longitudinal record of care for each patient.
C) is widely used for individual health care encounters.
D) includes progress notes for all disciplines.
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Chapter 16: Health and Wellness
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient asks the nurse to explain collaborative health care partnerships. The nurse gives a correct description when stating that collaborative care:
A) does not require participation of the patient.
B) is individual and cannot be mandated or legislated.
C) education needs are delegated to assistive personnel.
D) is designed to provide care to the patient as a whole.
Q2) The nurse is discussing immunizations for infants and children with new parents. The nurse should focus on:
A) providing scientific evidence to parents.
B) stressing that non-immunization is a crime.
C) acknowledging that immunizations are not needed.
D) informing the parents that they have no choice.
Q3) A patient presents to the clinic for illness, and the sick role is legitimized by the provider. The nurse recognizes this as what stage of illness according to Suchman's Model?
A) III
B) II
C) I
D) IV
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Human Development: Conception through Adolescence
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Q1) The nurse is asked by the parent of a pediatric patient to explain the difference between growth and development. Which response by the nurse is best?
A) "Growth is physical while development relates to physical, emotional, and cognitive function."
B) "There really is no difference between the two since they occur simultaneously."
C) "Development refers to musculoskeletal and nervous system abilities and growth is a change in height and weight."
D) "Both refer to an increase in abilities and functions of the child that occur sequentially over time."
Q2) A school-aged child is scheduled for a minor procedure and is very nervous. What response by the nurse is best?
A) Reassure the child the procedure is too minor to worry about.
B) Read the child a pamphlet about what to expect during the procedure.
C) Tell the child you will have the provider "put her to sleep" during the procedure.
D) Explain the procedure and what to expect in simple terms.
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Human Development Young Adult to Older Adult
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Q1) The nurse is assessing hospitalized older adults for risk factors that could lead to delirium. For which patients does the nurse plan extra care to prevent delirium? (Select all that apply.)
A) A 95-year-old
B) On multiple pain medications
C) Is blind
D) Two days post operative
E) Intractable pain
Q2) The nurse plans to develop a comprehensive screening tool to use with young adults, assessing their lifestyles and healthy living habits. What barrier must the nurse plan to overcome in order to make this screening successful?
A) Young adults may not see a health provider regularly.
B) Young adults are so diversified that a screening tool may not be appropriate.
C) Young adults have too many risky lifestyle behaviors to make education relevant.
D) Young adults are too busy with their lives to see a health care provider regularly.
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20
Chapter 19: Vital Signs
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a woman who had a right-sided mastectomy 2 years ago. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
A) Place a sign above the bed: "No blood pressures on the right arm."
B) Place a sign above the bed: "No continuous blood pressures on the right arm."
C) Place a sign above the bed: "Blood pressures in legs only."
D) No specific action is needed for this situation.
Q2) The nursing faculty member is observing a student taking a patient's carotid pulse. What action by the student requires intervention by the faculty member?
A) Counts pulse for 30 seconds and multiplies by two.
B) Performs hand hygiene prior to patient contact.
C) Compares pulses in both carotid arteries at the same time.
D) Assesses pulse on one side then assesses the other side.
Q3) The student nurse is assessing a patient's pulses. What action by the student requires the nurse to intervene?
A) Assessing apical pulse between the fifth and sixth intercostal spaces
B) Assessing the doralis pedis pulse by palpating behind the patient's knee
C) Assessing the radial pulse on the patient's wrist
D) Assessing the brachial pulse on the patient's inner elbow
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Chapter 20: Health History and Physical Assessment
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Q1) The nurse is assessing a patient's alcohol intake. What question is most appropriate?
A) "Do you drink alcohol at all?"
B) "You don't drink much do you?"
C) "When was your last drink?"
D) "How much alcohol do you drink daily?"
Q2) A new nurse is conducting a patient interview. What behaviors observed by the experienced nurse require education on this process? (Select all that apply.)
A) Typing intently on a keyboard when asking questions.
B) Allowing family to accompany the patient as requested.
C) Using gestures and eye contact to demonstrate interest.
D) Closing the door to the room to ensure privacy.
E) Providing non-verbal cues to negative thoughts.
Q3) The nurse reads in a chart that a patient has a paronychia. What assessment technique is most appropriate?
A) Auscultate the patient's bowel sounds.
B) Test the cranial nerves for sensory function.
C) Inspect the patient's nails and surrounding skin.
D) Inspect the skin using the ABCDE mnemonic.
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Chapter 21: Ethnicity and Cultural Assessment
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Q1) A patient has hypertension and is on a very-low-sodium diet. However, the patient is going to celebrate an important religious holiday soon that includes many food items high in sodium. What action by the nurse is best?
A) Tell the patient you are so sorry she can't have any of these foods.
B) Consult with the prescriber about increasing the blood pressure medications.
C) Collaborate with the patient and dietitian to include some of these foods.
D) Tell the patient eating these foods once won't hurt her condition.
Q2) A charge nurse works on an inpatient unit in a diverse city. Knowing some generalizations about different ethnic groups, which action is best?
A) Assign a female nurse to a female Muslim patient.
B) Allow the family to stay when the Russian patient is told he has cancer.
C) Start a meeting with a Hispanic family promptly on time.
D) Have the Amish patient watch patient education podcasts.
Q3) The student learns that which item is the most important symbolic aspect of culture?
A) Flags
B) Language
C) Art
D) Music
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Page 23
Chapter 22: Spiritual Health
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Q1) The nursing student learns which facts about religion and spirituality? (Select all that apply.)
A) Spirituality focuses on the meaning of life to people.
B) Religion and spirituality are mutually exclusive.
C) Religion implies an organized way of worship.
D) Religion provides the structure by which to understand spirituality.
E) Spirituality is an individual practice that does not include others.
Q2) A patient in the hospital is an adherent Muslim. Which of the five pillars of Islam can the nurse assist the patient in meeting?
A) Praying five times a day
B) Having privacy
C) Personal cleanliness
D) Giving alms
E) Maintaining modesty
Q3) When does the nurse assess patients' spirituality? (Select all that apply.)
A) Upon admission
B) New diagnosis
C) Life-changing diagnosis
D) When the chaplain makes rounds
E) When facing treatment decisions
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Chapter 23: Public Health, Community Base, and Home Health Care
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Q1) A nurse is a case manager for a home health care agency. The nurse often orders supplies for patients seen by the agency. What action by the nurse is best?
A) Negotiate for cheaper prices from suppliers.
B) Investigate what each patient's insurance will cover.
C) Refer the patient to the closest supply source.
D) Use the same supplier for all patients' needs.
Q2) The nurse explains to the patient that which services will be covered under Medicare? (Select all that apply.)
A) Infusion therapy
B) Ostomy management
C) Renal dialysis
D) Grocery shopping
E) Chemotherapy
Q3) The student learns that which is the best definition of a public health nurse?
A) Works with the public
B) Works in public areas
C) Works with the greater community
D) Works with public funding
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Chapter 24: Human Sexuality
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Q1) A woman complains that her partner threatens her and berates her in front of the children. She denies being in an abusive relationship or being the victim of physical violence. What action by the nurse is best?
A) Tell the woman to leave the abusive partner.
B) Educate the woman on forms of domestic abuse.
C) Help the woman work on a physical safety plan.
D) Insist the woman take written information.
Q2) A patient asks the nurse to recommend a non-prescription contraceptive. What options does the nurse discuss?
A) Diaphragm
B) Cervical cap
C) Condom
D) Intrauterine device
Q3) An emergency department (ED) manager wants to improve care for victims of sexual assault. What action by the manager is best?
A) Designate a private area of the ED for examinations.
B) Establish a SART team for the department.
C) Ask nurses to volunteer to be advocates for these patients.
D) Have victims examined immediately, rather than waiting their turn.
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Page 26
Chapter 25: Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) Individual factors affecting safety include those that are related to the functioning of body systems and those that are directly associated with a person's particular lifestyle. Changes in which body system affect overall mobility increasing the propensity of falling?
A) Neurologic
B) Hepatic
C) Cardiopulmonary
D) Musculoskeletal
Q2) Which collaborative team member would be most effective in assisting the nurse to identify medication alternatives that are less likely to cause drowsiness and dizziness to reduce the risk of falls in the elderly patient?
A) Nursing house manager
B) Charge nurse
C) Physical therapist
D) Pharmacist
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Chapter 26: Asepsis and Infection Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse recognizes the correct order to remove PPE as:
A) gloves, eyewear, gown, mask.
B) mask, eyewear, gown, gloves.
C) gown, mask, eyewear, gloves.
D) gloves, gown, mask, eyewear.
Q2) The nurse has placed her sterile gloved hands below her waist. Her hands are now considered:
A) sterile.
B) aseptic.
C) non-sterile.
D) free of disease-causing organisms.
Q3) The nurse is planning care for an elderly patient. The nurse recognizes the patient is at risk for respiratory infections based on which factors? (Select all that apply.)
A) Decreased cough reflex
B) Decreased lung elasticity
C) Increased activity of the cilia
D) Abnormal swallowing reflex
E) Increased sputum production
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Chapter 27: Hygiene and Personal Care
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Q1) The nurse is providing care to a post-stroke patient on the rehabilitation floor with a nursing diagnosis of hygiene self-care deficit. Which goal is most appropriate on day one?
A) Patient will ambulate independently twice a day.
B) Patient will perform all of own ADLs.
C) Patient will consume 75% of all meals.
D) Patient will begin to perform 50% of own ADLs.
Q2) The nurse is assisting her patients with hygiene care. She knows that this includes the following: (Select all that apply.)
A) Bathing
B) Oral care
C) Perineal care
D) Foot care
E) Patient communication
F) None of the above
Q3) Which statement by the patient indicates a teaching need?
A) "I use bobby pins to remove excessive ear wax."
B) "I use soap and a warm cloth to clean the outside of my ear."
C) "My doctor sometimes gives me oil drops for my ears."
D) "I never use Q-Tips."
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Chapter 28: Activity, Immobility, and Safe Movement
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Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/2203
Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is performing passive range-of-motion exercises on his patient when the patient begins to complain of pain. What is the first thing the nurse should do?
A) Notify the health care provider.
B) Hyperextend the joint.
C) Stop the range of motion.
D) Switch to active range of motion.
Q2) The nurse knows that manual lifting should only be done in the following situations:
A) Patients who are less than 150 lb
B) Life-threatening situations
C) Postsurgical patients
D) Patients who are less than 200 lb
Q3) An appropriate goal for the patient who is postoperative day one from a hip fracture with the nursing diagnosis Impaired physical mobility is:
A) the patient will interact with others.
B) the patient will ambulate to the bathroom with assistance.
C) the patient will have no skin breakdown.
D) the patient will have a physical therapy consult.
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Chapter 29: Skin Integrity and Wound Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is educating the patient about the use of heat/cold therapy at home. The following statement by the patient indicates the need for further education?
A) "I should fill my ice bag 2/3 full of ice."
B) "I should use distilled water in my Aqua-K pad."
C) "I can warm up my hot pack in the microwave."
D) "I should check the order for how long to leave the compress on."
Q2) The nurse knows that cold therapy is contraindicated in the following conditions: (Select all that apply.)
A) Edema
B) Shivering
C) Bleeding
D) Circulatory issues
Q3) The nurse is educating the patient about the signs and symptoms of a wound infection. Which statement indicates a need for further education?
A) "The wound will be red."
B) "The wound will have pus."
C) "The wound will be warm."
D) "The wound will need to be treated."
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Chapter 30: Nutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is completing her documentation after feeding a patient with aspiration precautions. Which of the following items should she document? (Select all that apply.)
A) Episodes of coughing or gagging
B) Hesitation or fear of eating
C) Amount eaten
D) Aspiration protocol used
E) Respiratory status
F) None of the above
Q2) The nurse is educating her patient about who has just been placed on a renal diet. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?
A) "I need to eat a low-sodium diet."
B) "I can have limited amounts of meat."
C) "I can drink unlimited cola if it is diet."
D) "I should avoid or limit bananas."
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32
Chapter 31: Cognitive and Sensory Alterations
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient with depression. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?
A) "Depression can be caused by chemical changes in the brain."
B) "Depression is always treated with medication."
C) "Depression is a mood disorder."
D) "Depression can have a rapid onset."
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who is complaining of tingling in her hands and fingers. The nurse knows this is a sign of what electrolyte imbalance?
A) Hyponatremia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypercalcemia
Q3) The nurse notices her 50-year-old patient is holding his lunch menu at arm's length while trying to read his choices. This is an indication of:
A) retinopathy.
B) presbyopia.
C) cataracts.
D) macular degeneration.
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Chapter 32: Stress and Coping
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who is undergoing a major cardiac procedure. The patient tells you her heart is racing and she feels nauseated. You know this is part of hormone response known as:
A) sense of coherence.
B) stress appraisal.
C) fight or flight.
D) sympathoadrenal response.
Q2) The nurse is performing a physical assessment of patient who is undergoing a bone marrow biopsy. What finding by the nurse indicates the patient is experiencing stress?
A) Blood pressure of 120/84
B) Temperature of 37.5° C
C) Heart rate of 110 beats/min
D) Respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min
Q3) The nurse knows that one theory explaining the variation in response to stress among individuals is called:
A) stress appraisal.
B) sense of coherence.
C) allostasis.
D) homeostasis.
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Chapter 33: Sleep
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is educating a patient about taking measures to help avoid disruption to the circadian rhythm. The following statement by the patient indicates a need for further education:
A) "I know the circadian rhythm influences biological functions."
B) "I know the circadian rhythm exists only in humans."
C) "I know the sleep-wake circadian rhythm is impacted by the light-dark cycle."
D) "The most familiar circadian rhythm is the day-night 24-hour cycle."
Q2) The nurse is providing discharge instructions for the patient with sleep pattern disturbances. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?
A) "It is a good idea to have a bedtime routine."
B) "My bedtime routine can include watching TV in bed until I fall asleep"
C) "I should keep my regular sleep pattern on the weekend."
D) "If I can't fall asleep, I should get out of bed and do something relaxing."
Q3) The nurse knows the reticular activating system (RAS):
A) records brain waves and other variables.
B) relays motor impulse to the hypothalamus.
C) influences patterns of biological functioning.
D) is affected by the light-dark cycle.
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35
Chapter 34: Diagnostic Testing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who has had severe acid reflux. Which test will allow the physician to directly check for damage to the esophagus?
A) Upper GI endoscopy
B) MRI scan with contrast
C) Abdominal ultrasound
D) Positron emission tomography (PET) scan
Q2) The nurse is caring for a diabetic patient who will be doing fingerstick blood glucose testing at home. What is the best way for the nurse to ensure that the patient can perform the procedure correctly?
A) Quiz the patient on the steps of the procedure.
B) Have the patient perform the procedure in front of the nurse.
C) Ask the patient if he has any questions about the test.
D) Use terminology that the patient can easily understand.
Q3) The nurse is caring for a patient who has just undergone paracentesis. For which complication will the nurse carefully monitor?
A) Collapse of the lung with shortness of breath
B) Fecal impaction from retained barium in the colon
C) Cerebrospinal fluid leak resulting in severe headache
D) Perforation of the bowel resulting in abdominal infection
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Page 36
Chapter 35: Medication Administration
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who was just made NPO. The nurse is to administer carvedilol (Coreg) 25 mg PO to the patient for control of high blood pressure. What is the best action of the nurse?
A) Crush the medication and administer it to the patient mixed with applesauce.
B) Administer the medication to the patient with a small sip of water.
C) Contact the patient's physician to clarify the order.
D) Administer the equivalent medication dose through the patient's IV.
Q2) The nurse is noting an order for a medication to be given TID. Which times will the nurse plan to administer the medication to the patient?
A) 9 A.M., 1 P.M., 5 P.M. and 10 P.M.
B) 9 A.M. and 9 P.M.
C) 9 A.M., 1 P.M. and 5 P.M.
D) Nightly before the patient goes to sleep
Q3) Which medication has the highest potential for abuse?
A) Methylphenidate (Ritalin) - schedule II
B) Alprazolam (Xanax) - schedule IV
C) Acetaminophen & codeine (Tylenol #3) - schedule III
D) Diphenoxylate & atropine (Lomotil) - schedule V
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Chapter 36: Pain Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a trauma patient with the nursing diagnosis of Acute pain r/t fracture and muscle spasms. Which is an appropriate goal for this nursing diagnosis?
A) The patient will experience less pain when participating in physical therapy.
B) The patient will describe meditation techniques that can be used to cope with pain.
C) Nursing staff will explain the ordered pain management approach to the patient.
D) The patient will feel less pain each day when range-of-motion therapy is performed.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a cancer patient with ongoing pain from widespread metastasis to her bones. The nurse notes that the patient's morphine dosage had to be increased to sufficiently manage her discomfort. What is the nurse's interpretation of this assessment finding?
A) The patient became tolerant to the previous morphine dosage.
B) The patient is becoming addicted to her pain medication.
C) The patient has been abusing her prescribed pain medications.
D) The patient is seeking to end her life with an overdose of morphine.
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Chapter 37: Perioperative Nursing Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who is recovering from abdominal surgery. The nurse notes that the patient's breath sounds are clear but diminished, shallow, and slightly labored. The patient's pulse oximetry is 96% on room air. What is the priority action of the nurse?
A) Administer a dose of the prescribed pain medication.
B) Administer 2 L of oxygen via nasal cannula.
C) Obtain an order from the physician for a chest x-ray.
D) Ensure that the patient is using the spirometer 10 times every hour.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a preoperative patient who has just received sedation prior to general anesthesia in the OR. What is the priority action of the nurse?
A) Check to make sure that the consent form was signed.
B) Turn off the lights and provide a quiet environment.
C) Raise the side rails on the patient's stretcher.
D) Indicate the surgical site with an indelible marker.
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Chapter 38: Oxygenation and Tissue Perfusion
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who is hospitalized for pneumonia. Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority?
A) Activity intolerance r/t generalized weakness and hypoxemia
B) Imbalanced nutrition r/t poor appetite and increased metabolic needs
C) Ineffective airway clearance r/t thick secretions in trachea and bronchi
D) Knowledge deficit r/t use of nebulizer and inhaled bronchodilators
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient with advanced COPD who reports feeling short of breath. The nurse notes that the patient's lung sounds are diminished bilaterally and the patient's pulse oximetry is 91% on 2 L/min oxygen via nasal cannula. What actions will the nurse take to make the patient more comfortable? (Select all that apply.)
A) Increase the patient's oxygen to 4 L/min via nasal cannula.
B) Suction the patient's airway using sterile technique.
C) Maintain eye contact and provide calm reassurance.
D) Turn the patient onto the side for postural drainage.
E) Administer the ordered nebulized bronchodilator.
F) Elevate the head of the patient's bed to fully upright.
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Chapter 39: Fluid, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who has a history of congestive heart failure and takes once-daily furosemide (Lasix) in order to prevent fluid overload and pulmonary edema. The patient tells the nurse that she has stopped taking the medication because she has to urinate frequently during the night. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "You should ask your doctor to decrease the dose."
B) "Take the diuretic early in the morning before breakfast."
C) "Eat foods high in potassium and limit your salt intake."
D) "Restrict your fluid intake after dinner and in the evening."
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who is at risk for fluid overload as a result of a history of congestive heart failure. Which intervention will the nurse teach the patient to perform at home to monitor fluid balance?
A) "Check to make sure that your urine is a bright yellow color."
B) "Weigh yourself every morning before breakfast."
C) "Count your heart rate every evening before you go to bed."
D) "Drink plain water rather than soda, coffee, or fruit juice."
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Chapter 40: Bowel Elimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who has just completed 2 weeks of IV antibiotics for a severe infection. The patient now has frequent loose watery stools and a low-grade temperature. What is the most likely cause of the patient's new symptoms?
A) C. difficile infection
B) Paralytic ileus
C) Fecal impaction
D) Salmonella food poisoning
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who has an ileostomy. Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority for the patient?
A) Impaired skin integrity r/t localized skin irritation from liquid stool
B) Social isolation r/t potential leakage of stool from ostomy appliance
C) Knowledge deficit r/t care and maintenance of ostomy appliance
D) Disturbed body image r/t presence of stoma and altered elimination
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Chapter 41: Urinary Elimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient with the nursing diagnosis of Urge urinary incontinence related to urinary tract infection. Which statement is appropriate for the "as evidenced by" portion of the patient's diagnosis?
A) Sudden leakage of urine when patient is unable to get to the toilet in time.
B) Continuous urine flow from the bladder regardless of attempts to use the toilet
C) Leakage of urine from the bladder when the patient coughs, sneezes, or laughs
D) Leakage of urine because the patient is unable to indicate need to use the toilet
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of type I diabetes. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the patient may not be compliant with his diabetic treatment regimen?
A) The patient is always thirsty and frequently voids very large amounts of urine.
B) The patient's urine is very concentrated with a dark amber color.
C) The patient complains of throbbing flank pain and burning with urination.
D) The patient has urinary hesitancy and difficulty initiating a stream of urine.
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Chapter 42: Death and Loss
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a terminally ill patient whose family is insistent that additional chemotherapy be administered even though the patient will most likely die within the next few days. What is the best response of the nurse?
A) "The insurance company will not pay for chemotherapy at this stage."
B) "The focus right now needs to be on keeping your loved one comfortable."
C) "I will call the physician and let him know that you would like to restart chemotherapy."
D) "The patient needs to get stronger first before chemotherapy can be administered."
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who just died after a lengthy illness. Which portions of postmortem care may be delegated to the nursing assistant? (Select all that apply.)
A) Gently washing the body and closing the patient's eyes
B) Offering support and empathy to the patient's family members
C) Documenting the patient's time of death in the medical record
D) Notifying all of the patient's consulting physicians of the patient's death
E) Removing the patient's hospital ID band, IV lines, and urinary catheter
F) Gathering the patient's belongings so they may be taken home by the family
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