Fundamentals of Pediatric Nursing Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Fundamentals of Pediatric Nursing introduces students to the essential principles and practices involved in caring for infants, children, and adolescents within various healthcare settings. The course covers growth and development milestones, family-centered care, common pediatric illnesses, and health promotion strategies. Emphasis is placed on age-appropriate communication, assessment techniques, medication administration, and responses to acute and chronic pediatric conditions. Through theoretical knowledge and practical application, students develop the skills needed to provide safe, compassionate, and holistic care for young patients and their families.
Recommended Textbook
Wongs Nursing Care of Infants and Children 10th Edition by Hockenberry
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35 Chapters
1814 Verified Questions
1814 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient's right to be self-governing
A)Autonomy
B)Nonmaleficence
C)Beneficence
D)Justice
Answer: A
Q2) The obligation to minimize or prevent harm
A)Autonomy
B)Nonmaleficence
C)Beneficence
D)Justice
Answer: B
Q3) Which is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year in the United States?
A) Congenital anomalies
B) Sudden infant death syndrome
C) Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight
D) Maternal complications specific to the perinatal period
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Social, Cultural, Religious, and Family Influences on Child Health Promotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse discovers welts on the back of a Vietnamese child during a home health visit. The child's mother says she has rubbed the edge of a coin on her child's oiled skin. The nurse should recognize this as what?
A) Child abuse
B) Cultural practice to rid the body of disease
C) Cultural practice to treat enuresis or temper tantrums
D) Child discipline measure common in the Vietnamese culture
Answer: B
Q2) The parents of a young child ask the nurse for suggestions about discipline. When discussing the use of time-outs, which should the nurse include?
A) Send the child to his or her room if the child has one.
B) A general rule for length of time is 1 hour per year of age.
C) Select an area that is safe and nonstimulating, such as a hallway.
D) If the child cries, refuses, or is more disruptive, try another approach.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Hereditary Influences on Health Promotion of the Child and Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is assessing a neonate who was born 1 hour ago to healthy white parents in their early forties. Which finding should be most suggestive of Down syndrome?
A) Hypertonia
B) Low-set ears
C) Micrognathia
D) Long, thin fingers and toes
Answer: B
Q2) A couple has given birth to their first child, a boy with a recessive disorder. The genetic counselor tells them that the risk of recurrence is one in four. Which statement is a correct interpretation of this information?
A) The risk factor remains the same for each pregnancy.
B) The risk factor will change when they have a second child.
C) Because the parents have one affected child, the next three children should be unaffected.
D) Because the parents have one affected child, the next child is four times more likely to be affected.
Answer: A
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5
Chapter 4: Communication, Physical, and Developmental Assessment
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is taking a sexual history on an adolescent girl. Which is the best way to determine whether she is sexually active?
A) Ask her, "Are you sexually active?"
B) Ask her, "Are you having sex with anyone?"
C) Ask her, "Are you having sex with a boyfriend?"
D) Ask both the girl and her parent if she is sexually active.
Q2) When doing a nutritional assessment on a Hispanic family, the nurse learns that their diet consists mainly of vegetables, legumes, and starches. The nurse should recognize that this diet is which?
A) Lacking in protein
B) Indicating they live in poverty
C) Providing sufficient amino acids
D) Needing enrichment with meat and milk
Q3) The nurse's approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid should be based on which principle?
A) The child may think the equipment is alive.
B) Explaining the equipment will only increase the child's fear.
C) One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the child's fear.
D) The child is too young to understand what the equipment does.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Pain Assessment and Management in Children
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which drug is usually the best choice for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for a child in the immediate postoperative period?
A) Codeine sulfate (Codeine)
B) Morphine (Roxanol)
C) Methadone (Dolophine)
D) Meperidine (Demerol)
Q2) Which nonpharmacologic intervention appears to be effective in decreasing neonatal procedural pain?
A) Tactile stimulation
B) Commercial warm packs
C) Doing procedure during infant sleep
D) Oral sucrose and nonnutritive sucking
Q3) Which is the most consistent and commonly used data for assessment of pain in infants?
A) Self-report
B) Behavioral
C) Physiologic
D) Parental report
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Chapter 6: Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is planning to administer immunizations to a 6-month-old infant. Which interventions should the nurse implement to minimize local reactions from the vaccines? (Select all that apply.)
A) Select a needle length of 1 inch.
B) Administer in the deltoid muscle.
C) Inject the vaccine into the vastus lateralis.
D) Draw the vaccine up from a vial with a filter needle.
E) Change the needle on the syringe after drawing up the vaccine and before injecting.
Q2) A child has been diagnosed with cat scratch disease. The nurse explains which characteristics about this disease?
A) "The disease is usually a benign, self-limiting illness."
B) "The animal that transmitted the disease will also be ill."
C) "The disease is treated with a 5-day course of oral azithromycin."
D) "Symptoms include pruritus, especially at the site of inoculation."
Q3) What often causes cellulitis?
A) Herpes zoster
B) Candida albicans
C) Human papillomavirus
D) Streptococci or staphylococci
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Chapter 7: Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family
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Q1) What is a function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in newborns?
A) Generates heat for distribution to other parts of body
B) Provides ready source of calories in the newborn period
C) Protects newborns from injury during the birth process
D) Insulates the body against lowered environmental temperature
Q2) Which is true regarding an infant's kidney function?
A) Conservation of fluid and electrolytes occurs.
B) Urine has color and odor similar to the urine of adults.
C) The ability to concentrate urine is less than that of adults.
D) Normally, urination does not occur until 24 hours after delivery.
Q3) The nurse is completing a physical and gestational age assessment on an infant who is 12 hours old. Which components are included in the gestational age assessment? (Select all that apply.)
A) Arm recoil
B) Popliteal angle
C) Motor performance
D) Primitive reflexes
E) Square window
F) Scarf sign
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Health Problems of Newborns
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Sample Questions
Q1) The parents of a newborn ask the nurse what caused the baby's facial nerve paralysis. The nurse's response is based on remembering that this is caused by what?
A) Birth injury
B) Genetic defect
C) Spinal cord injury
D) Inborn error of metabolism
Q2) What is an infant with severe jaundice at risk for developing?
A) Encephalopathy
B) Bullous impetigo
C) Respiratory distress
D) Blood incompatibility
Q3) What is an important nursing intervention for a full-term infant receiving phototherapy?
A) Observing for signs of dehydration
B) Using sunscreen to protect the infant's skin
C) Keeping the infant diapered to collect frequent stools
D) Informing the mother why breastfeeding must be discontinued
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Chapter 9: The High-Risk Newborn and Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) A newborn is diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity. What should the nurse know about this condition?
A) Blindness cannot be prevented.
B) No treatment is currently available.
C) Cryotherapy and laser therapy are effective treatments.
D) Long-term administration of oxygen will be necessary.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a neonate with an intraventricular hemorrhage. What interventions should the nurse avoid to prevent any increase in intracranial pressure? (Select all that apply.)
A) Keeping the head of the bed flat
B) Keeping the environment quiet
C) Handling the neonate minimally
D) Suctioning the endotracheal tube frequently
E) Maintaining the neonate's head in a midline position
Q3) What is a priority of care for an infant with an intraventricular hemorrhage?
A) Avoid use of analgesia.
B) Keep the infant's head to the right side.
C) Minimize interventions that cause crying.
D) Encourage the staff and parents to hold the infant.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Health Promotion of the Infant and Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of an 8-month-old infant on preventing a drowning injury. Which should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A) Fence swimming pools.
B) Keep bathroom doors open.
C) Eliminate unnecessary pools of water.
D) Keep one hand on the child while in the tub.
E) Supervise the child when near any source of water.
Q2) What is the best age to introduce solid food into an infant's diet?
A) 2 to 3 months
B) 4 to 6 months
C) When birth weight has tripled
D) When tooth eruption has started
Q3) When the body of an erect infant is tilted, the head is returned to an upright, erect position.
A)Labyrinth righting
B)Body righting
C)Otolith righting
D)Landau
E)Parachute
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Chapter 11: Health Problems of the Infant
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is an important nursing responsibility when dealing with a family experiencing the loss of an infant from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
A) Discourage the parents from making a last visit with the infant.
B) Make a follow-up home visit to the parents as soon as possible after the child's death.
C) Explain how SIDS could have been predicted and prevented.
D) Interview the parents in depth concerning the circumstances surrounding the child's death.
Q2) The nurse is teaching parents about foods that are hyperallergenic. Which foods should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A) Peanuts
B) Bananas
C) Potatoes
D) Egg noodles
E) Tomato juice
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13
Chapter 12: Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) The developmental task with which the child of 15 to 30 months is likely to be struggling is a sense of which?
A) Trust
B) Initiative
C) Intimacy
D) Autonomy
Q2) The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized toddler. What is the rationale for planning to continue the toddler's rituals while hospitalized?
A) To provide security
B) To prevent regression
C) To prevent dependency
D) To decrease negativism
Q3) What child behavior indicates to the nurse that temper tantrums have become a problem? (Select all that apply.)
A) The child is 2 to 3 years old
B) Tantrums occur at bedtime
C) Tantrums occur past 5 years of age
D) Tantrums last longer than 15 minutes
E) Tantrums occur more than five times a day
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family
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39 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are common causes of speech problems? (Select all that apply.)
A) Autism
B) Prematurity
C) Hearing loss
D) Developmental delay
E) Overstimulated environment
Q2) The nurse is explaining average weight gain during the preschool years to a group of parents. Which average weight gain should the nurse suggest to the parents?
A) 1 to 2 kg
B) 2 to 3 kg
C) 3 to 4 kg
D) 4 to 5 kg
Q3) Parents are worried that their preschool-aged child is showing hyperaggressive behavior. What are signs of hyperaggresive behavior? (Select all that apply.)
A) Disrespect
B) Noncompliance
C) Infrequent impulsivity
D) Occasional temper tantrums
E) Unprovoked physical attacks on other children
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Health Problems of Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) A child is admitted with a suspected diagnosis of Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP). What is an important consideration in the care of this child?
A) Monitoring the parents whenever they are with the child
B) Reassuring the parents that the cause of the disorder will be found
C) Teaching the parents how to obtain necessary specimens
D) Supporting the parents as they cope with diagnosis of a chronic illness
Q2) The nurse is caring for a child with suspected ingestion of some type of poison. What action should the nurse take next after initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)?
A) Empty the mouth of pills, plants, or other material.
B) Question the victim and witness.
C) Place the child in a side-lying position.
D) Call poison control.
Q3) What statement is correct about young children who report sexual abuse?
A) They may exhibit various behavioral manifestations.
B) In more than half the cases, the child has fabricated the story.
C) Their stories should not be believed unless other evidence is apparent.
D) They should be able to retell the story the same way to another person.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) A school-age child has begun to sleepwalk. What does the nurse advise the parents to perform?
A) Wake the child and help determine what is wrong.
B) Leave the child alone unless he or she is in danger of harming him- or herself or others.
C) Arrange for psychologic evaluation to identify the cause of stress.
D) Keep the child awake later in the evening to ensure sufficient tiredness for a full night of sleep.
Q2) Parents are concerned about their child riding an all-terrain vehicle. What should the nurse tell the parents about safe use of all-terrain vehicles? (Select all that apply.)
A) Restrict riding to familiar terrain.
B) Limit street use to the neighborhood.
C) Nighttime riding should not be allowed.
D) Vehicles should not carry more than two persons.
E) Vehicles should include seat belts, roll bars, and automatic headlights.
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Health Problems of the School-Age Child
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Sample Questions
Q1) The school nurse is seeing a child who collected some poison ivy leaves during recess. He says only his hands touched it. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
A) Soak his hands in warm water.
B) Apply Burow's solution compresses.
C) Rinse his hands in cold running water.
D) Scrub his hands thoroughly with antibacterial soap.
Q2) Diminished sensation
A)Pruritus
B)Anesthesia
C)Hyperesthesia
D)Hypesthesia
E)Paresthesia
Q3) The management of a child who has just been stung by a bee or wasp should include applying what?
A) Cool compresses
B) Antibiotic cream
C) Warm compresses
D) Corticosteroid cream
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18
Chapter 17: Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) Parents of an adolescent ask the school nurse, "It is OK for our adolescent to get a job?" The nurse should answer telling the parents the effects of adolescents who work more than 20 hours a week are what? (Select all that apply.)
A) Can lead to fatigue
B) Can lead to poorer grades
C) Improves an interest in school
D) Enhances development and identity
E) Can reduce extracurricular involvement
Q2) The development of sexual orientation during adolescence is what?
A) Inflexible
B) A developmental process
C) Differs for boys and girls
D) Proceeds in a defined sequence
Q3) According to Erikson, the psychosocial task of adolescence is developing what?
A) Identity
B) Intimacy
C) Initiative
D) Independence
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Chapter 18: Health Problems of the Adolescent
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Sample Questions
Q1) The clinic nurse is assessing an adolescent on a topical antibacterial agent. The nurse should assess for which side effects that can be seen with topical antibacterial agents? (Select all that apply.)
A) Burning
B) Dryness
C) Dry eyes
D) Erythema
E) Nasal irritation
Q2) The nurse has determined that an adolescent's body mass index (BMI) is in the 90th percentile. What information should the nurse convey to the adolescent?
A) The adolescent is overweight.
B) The adolescent has maintained weight within the normal range.
C) The adolescent is at risk for becoming overweight.
D) Nutritional supplementation should occur at least three times per week
Q3) What goal is most important when caring for a child with anorexia nervosa (AN)?
A) Limit fluid intake.
B) Prevent depression.
C) Correct malnutrition.
D) Encourage weight gain.
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Chapter 19: Family-Centered Care of the Child with Chronic Illness
or Disability
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Q1) The nurse is assessing coping behaviors of a family with a child with a chronic illness. What indicates approach coping behaviors? (Select all that apply.)
A) Plans realistically for the future
B) Verbalizes possible loss of the child
C) Uses magical thinking and fantasy
D) Realistically perceives the child's condition
E) Does not share the burden of the disorder with others
Q2) The nurse is teaching coping strategies to parents of a child with a chronic illness. What coping strategies should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A) Listen to the child.
B) Accept the child's illness.
C) Establish a support system.
D) Learn to care for the child's illness one day at a time.
E) Do not share information with the child about the illness.
Q3) What is the major health concern of children in the United States?
A) Acute illness
B) Chronic illness
C) Congenital disabilities
D) Nervous system disorders
Page 21
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Chapter 20: Family-Centered Palliative Care
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Q1) The family and child have decided that hospice care best meets their needs during the terminal phase of illness. The nurse recognizes that the parents understand the principles of this care when they make which statement?
A) "It will be good to be at home and care for our child."
B) "What a relief it will be not to need any more medicines."
C) "We are going to miss the support of the hospice team when our child dies."
D) "We know that once hospice care starts, we will not be able to return to the hospital if the care is difficult."
Q2) What explanation best describes how preschoolers react to the death of a loved one?
A) Grief is acute but does not last long at this age.
B) Children this age are too young to have a concept of death.
C) Preschoolers may feel guilty and responsible for the death.
D) They express grief in the same way that the adults in the preschoolers' life are expressing grief.
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22
Chapter 21: The Child with Cognitive, Sensory, or Communication Impairment
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is assessing a child with Down syndrome. The nurse recognizes that which are possible comorbidities that can occur with Down syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
A) Diabetes mellitus
B) Hodgkin's disease
C) Congenital heart defects
D) Respiratory tract infections
E) Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
Q2) The nurse is teaching feeding strategies to a parent of a 12-month-old infant with Down syndrome. What statement made by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "If the food is thrust out, I will reefed it."
B) "I will use a small, long, straight-handled spoon."
C) "I will place the food on the top of the tongue."
D) "I know the tongue thrust doesn't indicate a refusal of the food."
Q3) Secondary prevention for cognitive impairment includes what activity?
A) Genetic counseling
B) Avoidance of prenatal rubella infection
C) Preschool education and counseling services
D) Newborn screening for treatable inborn errors of metabolism
Page 23
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Chapter 22: Family-Centered Care of the Child During
Illness and Hospitalization
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Questions
Q1) Parents tell the nurse that siblings of their hospitalized child are feeling "left out." What suggestions should the nurse make to the parents to assist the siblings to adjust to the hospitalization of their brother or sister? (Select all that apply.)
A) Arrange for visits to the hospital.
B) Limit information given to the siblings.
C) Encourage phone calls to the hospitalized child.
D) Make or buy inexpensive toys or trinkets for the siblings.
E) Identify an extended family member to be their support system.
Q2) The nurse is doing a prehospitalization orientation for a girl, age 7 years, who is scheduled for cardiac surgery. As part of the preparation, the nurse explains that after the surgery, the child will be in the intensive care unit. How might the explanation by the nurse be viewed?
A) Unnecessary
B) The surgeon's responsibility
C) Too stressful for a young child
D) An appropriate part of the child's preparation
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Chapter 23: Pediatric Nursing Interventions and Skills
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Q1) A 14-year-old adolescent is hospitalized with cystic fibrosis. What nursing note entry represents best documentation of his breakfast meal?
A) Tolerated breakfast well
B) Finished all of breakfast ordered
C) One pancake, eggs, and 240 ml OJ
D) No documentation is needed for this age child.
Q2) An appropriate method for administering oral medications that are bitter to an infant or small child should be to mix them with which?
A) Bottle of formula or milk
B) Any food the child is going to eat
C) One teaspoon of something sweet-tasting such as jam
D) Carbonated beverage, which is then poured over crushed ice
Q3) A 7-year-old is identified as being at risk for skin breakdown. What intervention should the nursing care plan include?
A) Massaging reddened bony prominences
B) Teaching the parents to turn the child every 4 hours
C) Ensuring that nutritional intake meets requirements
D) Minimizing use of extra linens, which can irritate the child's skin
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Chapter 24: The Child with Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nurses should be alert for increased fluid requirements in which circumstance?
A) Fever
B) Mechanical ventilation
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Increased intracranial pressure
Q2) What clinical manifestations should be observed in a 2-year-old child with hypotonic dehydration? (Select all that apply.)
A) Thick, doughy feel to the skin
B) Slightly moist mucous membranes
C) Absent tears
D) Very rapid pulse
E) Hyperirritability
Q3) When caring for a child with an intravenous (IV) infusion, what is an appropriate nursing action?
A) Change the insertion site every 24 hours.
B) Check the insertion site frequently for signs of infiltration.
C) Use a macrodropper to facilitate reaching the prescribed flow rate.
D) Avoid restraining the child to prevent undue emotional stress.
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Chapter 25: The Child with Renal Dysfunction
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Sample Questions
Q1) What laboratory finding, in conjunction with the presenting symptoms, indicates minimal change nephrotic syndrome?
A) Low specific gravity
B) Decreased hemoglobin
C) Normal platelet count
D) Reduced serum albumin
Q2) The nurse is teaching a child experiencing severe edema associated with minimal change nephrotic syndrome about his diet. The nurse should discuss what dietary need?
A) Consuming a regular diet
B) Increasing protein
C) Restricting fluids
D) Decreasing calories
Q3) Febrile urinary tract infection coexisting with systemic signs of bacterial illness
A)Persistent urinary tract infection
B)Cystitis
C)Urethritis
D)Pyelonephritis
E)Urosepsis
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Chapter 26: The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction
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Q1) The mother of a child with cognitive impairment calls the nurse because her son has been gagging and drooling all morning. The nurse suspects foreign body ingestion. What physiologic occurrence is most likely responsible for the presenting signs?
A) Gastrointestinal perforation may have occurred.
B) The object may have been aspirated.
C) The object may be lodged in the esophagus.
D) The object may be embedded in stomach wall.
Q2) What is a high-fiber food that the nurse should recommend for a child with chronic constipation?
A) White rice
B) Popcorn
C) Fruit juice
D) Ripe bananas
Q3) A child with pyloric stenosis is having excessive vomiting. The nurse should assess for what potential complication?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hyperchloremia
C) Metabolic acidosis
D) Metabolic alkalosis
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28
Chapter 27: Overview of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse recognizes that oxygen mist tents are rarely used for a child with respiratory distress. What are reasons for not using an oxygen mist tent? (Select all that apply.)
A) Poor access to the child
B) Cool and wet tent environment
C) Oxygen levels fall when tent is entered
D) Child may not tolerate it around the crib/bed
E) Lower oxygen concentrations cannot be achieved
Q2) The nurse is analyzing an arterial blood gas of pH, 7.50; PCO<sub>2</sub>, 30; and HCO<sub>3</sub>, 20. What result should the nurse document for this blood gas?
A) Fully compensated metabolic alkalosis
B) Partially compensated metabolic alkalosis
C) Fully compensated respiratory alkalosis
D) Partially compensated respiratory alkalosis
Q3) What medication is considered to be the most useful in treating cardiac arrest?
A) Bretylium tosylate (Bretylium)
B) Xylocaine (lidocaine)
C) Adrenaline (epinephrine)
D) Naloxone (Narcan)
Page 29
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Chapter 28: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction
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Sample Questions
Q1) A tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy is contraindicated in what conditions? (Select all that apply.)
A) Cleft palate
B) Seizure disorders
C) Blood dyscrasias
D) Sickle cell disease
E) Acute infection at the time of surgery
Q2) A 5-year-old child is admitted with bacterial pneumonia. What signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to assess with this disease process?
A) Fever, cough, and chest pain
B) Stridor, wheezing, and ear infection
C) Nasal discharge, headache, and cough
D) Pharyngitis, intermittent fever, and eye infection
Q3) What medication is contraindicated in children post tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy?
A) Codeine
B) Amoxil (amoxicillin)
C) Ondansetron (Zofran)
D) Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
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Chapter 29: The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction
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74 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Represents ventricular depolarization
A)P wave
B)QRS complex
C)T wave
D)Q-T interval
E)ST segment
Q2) The nurse is teaching an adolescent with elevated triglycerides foods that should be decreased. What foods should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A) Avocados
B) Canola oil
C) White flour
D) White rice
E) Sugary cereals
Q3) What sign/symptom is a major clinical manifestation of rheumatic fever (RF)?
A) Fever
B) Polyarthritis
C) Osler nodes
D) Janeway spots
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Chapter 30: The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction
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Sample Questions
Q1) What therapeutic intervention is most appropriate for a child with b-thalassemia major?
A) Oxygen therapy
B) Supplemental iron
C) Adequate hydration
D) Frequent blood transfusions
Q2) A health care provider prescribes Kytril (granisetron), 10 mcg/kg IV every 4 to 6 hours as needed for nausea for a child who had a reaction to a blood transfusion. The medication label states: "Kytril 100 mcg/1 ml." The child weighs 20 kg. The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many milliliters will the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer in a whole number.
Q3) A child with sickle cell anemia (SCA) develops severe chest and back pain, fever, a cough, and dyspnea. What should be the first action by the nurse?
A) Administer 100% oxygen to relieve hypoxia.
B) Notify the practitioner because chest syndrome is suspected.
C) Infuse intravenous antibiotics as soon as cultures are obtained.
D) Give ordered pain medication to relieve symptoms of pain episode.
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Chapter 31: The Child with Cancer
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Sample Questions
Q1) A health care provider prescribes Osmitrol (mannitol) 0.25 g/kg intravenously (IV) every 6 hours for a child after a brain tumor removal. The child weighs 20 kg. The medication label states: "Osmitrol (Mannitol) 250 mg/1 ml." The nurse prepares to administer the dose. How many milliliters will the nurse prepare to administer the dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer in a whole number.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a child receiving chemotherapy for leukemia. The child's granulocyte count is 600/mm³ and platelet count is 45,000/mm³. What oral care should the nurse recommend for this child?
A) Rinsing mouth with water
B) Daily toothbrushing and flossing
C) Lemon glycerin swabs for cleansing
D) Wiping teeth with moistened gauze or Toothettes
Q3) Daily toothbrushing and flossing can be encouraged for the child on chemotherapy when the platelet count is above which?
A) 10,000/mm<sup>3</sup>
B) 20,000/mm<sup>3</sup>
C) 30,000/mm<sup>3</sup>
D) 40,000/mm<sup>3</sup>
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Chapter 32: The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the antiepileptic medication that requires monitoring of vitamin D and folic acid?
A) Topiramate (Topamax)
B) Valproic acid (Depakene)
C) Gabapentin (Neurontin)
D) Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Q2) The nurse is preparing to admit an adolescent with bacterial meningitis. What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.)
A) Fever
B) Chills
C) Headache
D) Poor tone
E) Drowsiness
Q3) After a tonic-clonic seizure, what symptoms should the nurse expect the child to experience?
A) Diarrhea and abdominal discomfort
B) Irritability and hunger
C) Lethargy and confusion
D) Nervousness and excitability
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Chapter 33: The Child with Endocrine Dysfunction
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Sample Questions
Q1) The clinic nurse is assessing a child with hypopituitarism. Hypopituitarism can lead to which disorder?
A) Gigantism
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Cushing syndrome
D) Growth hormone deficiency
Q2) During the summer many children are more physically active. What changes in the management of the child with diabetes should be expected as a result of more exercise?
A) food intake
B) ¯food intake
C) risk of hyperglycemia
D) ¯risk of insulin reaction
Q3) What is a common clinical manifestation of juvenile hypothyroidism?
A) Insomnia
B) Diarrhea
C) Dry skin
D) Rapid growth
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Chapter 34: The Child with Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is an important nursing consideration when caring for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)?
A) Apply ice packs to relieve acute swelling and pain.
B) Administer acetaminophen to reduce inflammation.
C) Teach the child and family correct administration of medications.
D) Encourage range of motion exercises during periods of inflammation.
Q2) A 7-year-old child has just had a cast applied for a fractured arm with the wrist and elbow immobilized. What information should be included in the home care instructions?
A) No restrictions of activity are indicated.
B) Elevate casted arm when both upright and resting.
C) The shoulder should be kept as immobile as possible to avoid pain.
D) Swelling of the fingers is to be expected. Notify a health professional if it persists more than 48 hours.
Q3) What measure is important in managing hypercalcemia in a child who is immobilized?
A) Provide adequate hydration.
B) Change position frequently.
C) Encourage a diet high in calcium.
D) Provide a diet high in calories for healing.
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Chapter 35: The Child with Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction
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Sample Questions
Q1) What most accurately describes bowel function in children born with a myelomeningocele?
A) Incontinence cannot be prevented.
B) Enemas and laxatives are contraindicated.
C) Some degree of fecal continence can usually be achieved.
D) Colostomy is usually required by the time the child reaches adolescence.
Q2) What statement is most accurate in describing tetanus?
A) Inflammatory disease that causes extreme, localized muscle spasm.
B) Disease affecting the salivary gland with resultant stiffness of the jaw.
C) Acute infectious disease caused by an exotoxin produced by an anaerobic spore-forming, gram-positive bacillus.
D) Acute infection that causes meningeal inflammation resulting in symptoms of generalized muscle spasm.
Q3) The most important nursing intervention when caring for an infant with myelomeningocele in the preoperative stage is which?
A) Take vital signs every hour.
B) Place the infant on the side to decrease pressure on the spinal sac.
C) Watch for signs that might indicate developing hydrocephalus.
D) Apply a heat lamp to facilitate drying and toughening of the sac.
Page 37
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