Fundamentals of Medical Imaging Exam
Questions
Course Introduction
Fundamentals of Medical Imaging introduces students to the essential principles, techniques, and applications of imaging technologies used in modern medicine. The course covers the basic physics behind imaging modalities such as X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and nuclear medicine. Topics include image formation, interpretation, safety considerations, and the relevance of imaging in diagnosing and managing disease. Students will also explore current challenges and advancements in the field, fostering an understanding of how these technologies contribute to patient care and medical research.
Recommended Textbook Essentials of Radiographic Physics and Imaging 2nd Edition by James Johnston
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16 Chapters
1530 Verified Questions
1530 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to the Imaging Sciences
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Sample Questions
Q1) How much work is done if a force of 20 N is applied to move a patient 100 meters?
A)0.5 J.
B)5 J.
C)200 J.
D)2000 J.
Answer: D
Q2) Exposure,dose,and dose equivalent are
A)fundamental quantities
B)derived quantities
C)radiologic quantities
D)none of the above
Answer: C
Q3) Lead shutters are part of the A)tube housing
B)tube stand
C)collimator
D)x-ray tube
Answer: C
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3
Chapter 2: Structure of the Atom
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Sample Questions
Q1) The N shell can hold _______ electrons.
A)4
B)8
C)32
D)64 Answer: C
Q2) The outermost shell of an atom can hold fewer than 8 electrons.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q3) Each electron shell has a specific limit to the amounts of electrons it can hold.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q4) In the middle of the periodic table of elements there are elements that don't fit exactly into one of the eight groups.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Electromagnetic and Particulate Radiation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The positively charged beta particle is a(n)
A)electron
B)alpha particle
C)negatron
D)positron
Answer: D
Q2) The formula v = fl can be used to calculate the ______________ and ____________ of an electromagnetic wave.
A)velocity;wavelength
B)wavelength;frequency
C)frequency;velocity
D)all of the above
Answer: B
Q3) An object we see as black is _______________ all of the wavelengths of visible light.
A)absorbing
B)diffusing
C)reflecting
D)changing
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: The X-Ray Circuit
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Sample Questions
Q1) How much current is needed to heat the filament enough to produce a 100-1000 mA tube current?
A)1 A to 10 a.
B)5 A to 7 A.
C)1 mA to 10 mA.
D)5 mA to 7 mA.
Q2) The flow of electrons along a conductor is
A)electric current
B)electric potential
C)resistance
D)electrostatics
Q3) The only adjustable transformer in the x-ray circuit is the
A)primary side of the high-voltage transformer
B)secondary side of the high-voltage transformer
C)autotransformer
D)step-down transformer
Q4) With alternating current,the north and south poles of the magnetic field surrounding the wire change each time the electrons change direction.
A)True
B)False
Page 6
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Chapter 5: The X-Ray Tube
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Sample Questions
Q1) Copper can be found __________________ of the rotating anode.
A)in the shaft
B)in the target area
C)surrounding the tungsten
D)in the base
Q2) The smaller the anode angle,the _________ the effective focal spot.
A)smaller
B)larger
C)wider
D)longer
Q3) Molybdenum
A)is an excellent conductor of electricity
B)is a poor conductor of electricity
C)is an excellent thermal conductor
D)is a poor thermal conductor
Q4) The melting point of tungsten is
A)400 °C
B)1400 °C
C)2400 °C
D)3400 °C
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Chapter 6: X-Ray Production
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Sample Questions
Q1) Changing the ___________________ results in changes to the x-axis,y-axis,and location of the discrete line of the x-ray emission spectrum.
A)kVp
B)mAs
C)target material
D)distance
Q2) Half-value layer (HVL)is used to measure
A)beam intensity
B)beam quantity
C)beam quality
D)all of the above
Q3) Changes along the x-axis of the x-ray emission spectrum reflect changes in the _________________ of the x-ray beam,whereas changes along the y-axis reflect changes in the ___________________ of the beam.
A)quality;quantity
B)quantity;quality
C)quantity;quantity
D)quality;quality
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Chapter 7: X-Ray Interactions With Matter
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Sample Questions
Q1) Radiation interacting with bone is more likely to be absorbed,resulting in that area of the image being
A)a light shade of gray
B)a dark shade of gray
C)black
D)all of the above
Q2) Protective apparel is often made of lead because it
A)is very heavy
B)can be made very thick
C)is inexpensive
D)has a high atomic number
Q3) The probability of Compton scattering depends on the atomic number of the atom.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Most classical scatter photons
A)are the result of the removal of an orbital electron
B)are absorbed in the body
C)are transmitted through the body
D)become remnant radiation
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Chapter 8: Image Production
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ability to remove electrons from an atom is A)absorption
B)transmission
C)ionization
D)none of the above
Q2) The latent image that is formed on the image receptor is the
A)visible image
B)invisible image
C)A and B
D)none of the above
Q3) In producing a radiographic image,which of the following occurs last?
A)Differential absorption.
B)Quality and quantity of x-ray beam is set at console.
C)Radiation interacts with image receptor.
D)Radiation exits the patient with different energies.
Q4) Image intensification is part of
A)a film-screen imaging system
B)a digital imaging system
C)a fluoroscopic imaging system
D)all of the above
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Image Quality and Characteristics
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Sample Questions
Q1) With digital imaging,the intensity of radiation reaching the image receptor determines the brightness of the image.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the inverse of 50% transmittance?
A)2
B)5
C)20
D)50
Q3) The control that adjusts the contrast by adjusting the visible range of densities on the image is the
A)window level
B)window width
C)window pane
D)all of the above
Q4) When comparing two curves on the same graph,the curve with the steeper slope
A)has higher contrast
B)has lower contrast
C)is faster
D)is slower
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Radiographic Exposure Technique
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Sample Questions
Q1) The mAs/distance compensation formula describes the relationship between ________ and __________.
A)SID;mAs needed to compensate for changes in SID
B)SID;kVp needed to compensate for changes in SID
C)SID;exposure time needed to compensate for changes in SID
D)SID;milliamperage needed to compensate for changes in SID
Q2) If a film image has to be repeated because of a positioning error,what should be done if the density was just a little too much?
A)Leave the mAs alone;it was sufficient for the first image.
B)Increase the mAs by 50%.
C)Decrease the mAs by 50%.
D)Decrease the mAs by 30%.
Q3) Technique charts typically include information regarding A)mAs
B)kVp
C)SID
D)all of the above
Q4) More scatter radiation exits the patient when using higher kilovoltage.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Scatter Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Moiré effect can be caused by
A)using a grid with a frequency similar to the CR laser scanning frequency
B)using a focused grid upside down in the bucky
C)using a grid cassette in the bucky
D)A and C
E)B and C
Q2) The formula for the grid conversion factor is
A)GCF = mAs without grid/mAs with grid
B)GCF = mAs with grid - mAs without grid
C)GCF = mAs with grid/mAs without grid
D)GCF = mAs without grid - mAs with grid
Q3) Which of the following produces the greatest amount of scatter radiation exiting the patient?
A)Low kVp and small field size.
B)Low kVp and large field size.
C)High kVp and small field size.
D)High kVp and large field size.
Q4) Beam-restricting devices are located just above the tube housing.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Image Receptors
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Sample Questions
Q1) Silver recovery takes place
A)before the new solution enters the fixer tank
B)after the old solution leaves the fixer tank but before going down the drain
C)after the old fixer solution goes down the drain
D)none of the above
Q2) At the time of processing,the energy of the trapped electrons is released by exposure to a laser in a process called
A)photodetector
B)scintillation
C)phosphorescence
D)photostimulable luminescence
Q3) The two methods for indirect capture in DR include
A)charge-coupled devices
B)photoconductors and TFT arrays
C)scintillator and TFT array
D)A and C
Q4) The matching of kVp to the subject and receptor is less critical with digital systems as compared with film-screen.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Exposure Technique Selection
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Sample Questions
Q1) The predetermined level of radiation exposure needed to terminate the exposure when using AEC is set by
A)the radiologist
B)the technologist
C)the equipmentservice personnel
D)the manufacturer
Q2) Using a higher kVp during an AEC examination results in
A)a longer exposure time
B)a shorter exposure time
C)increased patient exposure
D)B and C
Q3) Phototimer AEC devices convert the radiation to light energy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Phototimer AEC detectors are usually exit-type devices because
A)the x-rays must exit the patient to get to the detectors
B)the x-rays must exit the grid to get to the detectors
C)the x-rays must exit the image receptor to get to the detectors
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Chapter 14: Image Intensified Fluoroscopy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The original fluoroscopic image was very
A)dim
B)bright
C)clear
D)fuzzy
Q2) A light-sensitive semiconducting device that generates an electrical charge when stimulated by light and stores this charge in a capacitor is the A)anode of the camera tube
B)charge coupled device (CCD)
C)cathode of the camera tube
D)x-ray tube
Q3) The formula to determine the amount of magnification created when in magnification mode,the formula is
A)MF = full size input phosphor / selected input phosphor
B)MF = full size input phosphor² / selected input phosphor²
C)MF = selected input phosphor / full size input phosphor
D)MF = selected input phosphor² / full size input phosphor²
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Chapter 15: Additional Equipment
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Sample Questions
Q1) When operating mobile C-arm fluoroscopic equipment,it is the _____________ responsibility to monitor and apply radiation safety measures.
A)surgeon's
B)radiographer's
C)radiologist's
D)anesthesiologist's
Q2) AEC devices are always used for mobile radiographic imaging
A)True
B)False
Q3) Breast compression
A)improves image contrast
B)improves spatial resolution
C)reduces magnification
D)all of the above
Q4) There are generally _____ sets of locks on mobile C-arm fluoroscopic equipment.
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)6
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Chapter 16: Computed Tomography
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Sample Questions
Q1) The x-ray tube used in CT systems has a larger-diameter anode because
A)larger images are created with CT
B)the tube is bigger and the anode is proportional
C)CT studies produce enormous amounts of heat
D)none of the above
Q2) Image postprocessing results in the image data changing.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The WL should be set
A)at 0
B)above 0
C)below 0
D)near the CT number of the anatomy to be visualized
Q4) Using a larger matrix or thinner slice will reduce the
A)streak artifact
B)ring artifact
C)partial-volume artifact
D)beam-hardening artifact
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