Fundamentals of Biology Final
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Fundamentals of Biology provides an essential introduction to the principles and concepts that form the basis of the biological sciences. This course covers key topics such as the structure and function of cells, genetics and heredity, evolution, ecology, and the diversity of living organisms. Students will explore the chemical foundations of life, energy flow within biological systems, and the mechanisms that regulate growth, reproduction, and adaptation. The course blends theoretical knowledge with practical laboratory experiences, developing critical thinking and scientific inquiry skills for further study in biology and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Biology The Core 2nd Edition by Eric
J. Simon
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
12 Chapters
718 Verified Questions
718 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2091
Page 2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to the Science of Life
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41669
Sample Questions
Q1) What is misleading about commercials that show "scientific proof" that laundry detergent X is better than another leading brand?
A) We are shown only one tee-shirt becoming whiter in each detergent, not 20 tee-shirts in each detergent.
B) We do not know whether the same amount of each detergent was used for washing.
C) We do not know if everything besides the detergents was the same (machine used, type of stains, etc.).
D) All of the above are aspects that are misleading.
Answer: D
Q2) If you were to combine all of the ecosystems on the planet,you would have the ________.
A) ionosphere
B) troposphere
C) biosphere
D) envirosphere
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
3
Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
56 Verified Questions
56 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41670
Sample Questions
Q1) While the maximum number of electrons required to fill the outermost shell of an atom varies depending on the size of the atom,almost all of the smaller atoms (atomic numbers 2-20)are considered stable (nonreactive)when they contain ________ electron(s)in the outermost shell.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 8
D) 16
Answer: C
Q2) Why is one side of a single water molecule partially negative while the other side is partially positive?
A) Electron pairs are unevenly shared between the oxygen atom and the two hydrogen atoms.
B) Electron pairs are unevenly shared between the two hydrogen atoms.
C) Oxygen donates its electrons to hydrogen.
D) Hydrogen donates its electrons to oxygen.
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: The Cell: The Fundamental Unit of Life
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
56 Verified Questions
56 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41671
Sample Questions
Q1) Which cellular structure is unique to animal cells?
A) Nucleus
B) Ribosomes
C) Mitochondria
D) Lysosome
Answer: D
Q2) The long extension of a cell that can propel a cell forward by whipping back and forth (such as human sperm)is called a ________.
A) vesicle
B) flagellum
C) pilus
D) cilium
Answer: B
Q3) Which organelle functions to break down and recycle large molecules?
A) Ribosome
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Lysosome
D) Chloroplast
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 5
Chapter 4: Energy and Life
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41672
Sample Questions
Q1) How does ATP release energy that can be used by living cells?
A) By being exposed to body heat
B) By breaking a bond within an ATP molecule
C) By being exposed to sunlight
D) By adding more phosphate groups to itself
Q2) Identify the stage (or stages)of cellular respiration that occurs entirely outside of the mitochondria.
A) Citric acid cycle
B) Electron transport chain
C) Glycolysis
D) All of the above
Q3) During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of the ATP produced?
A) Glycolysis
B) Citric acid cycle
C) Fermentation
D) Electron transport chain
Q4) What color of light is not used for photosynthesis? How could you know this just by looking at a leaf?
Q5) Why can't an aerobic bacterium produce as much energy as an animal cell can produce from a gram of sugar?
6
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 5: Chromosomes and Inheritance
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41673
Sample Questions
Q1) Assuming codominance,if a homozygous red-flowered plant is crossed with a homozygous white-flowered plant,what will be the color of the offspring?
A) Red
B) White
C) Pink
D) Red and white
Q2) If a human diploid cell and a human haploid cell somehow managed to fuse together and not lose any of the chromosomes,how many sets of chromosomes would be inside the newly formed cell?
A) 3
B) 2.5
C) 2
D) 1.5
Q3) Assuming complete dominance,what is the expected ratio of genotypes of the offspring following the cross of two heterozygotes?
A) 4:1
B) 1:1
C) 3:1
D) 1:2:1
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 7
Chapter 6: Dna: the Molecule of Life
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41674
Sample Questions
Q1) How does chemotherapy kill cancer cells,and why might it also result in hair loss and nausea?
Q2) What is the role of primers in the PCR techniques?
A) To separate strands of double-stranded DNA
B) To add free nucleotides to the newly formed DNA molecule
C) To allow single strands of DNA to bind together
D) To target specific areas of DNA
Q3) If DNA directs the production of RNA,what does RNA make?
A) RNA makes proteins.
B) RNA makes more DNA.
C) RNA makes membranes.
D) RNA makes hereditary molecules.
Q4) Which genes are responsible for your overall structure,such as how many legs you have and where they develop?
A) Oncogenes
B) Proto-oncogenes
C) Growth factor genes
D) Homeotic genes
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
8
Chapter 7: Darwinian Evolution
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
56 Verified Questions
56 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41675
Sample Questions
Q1) Individuals with variations that make them best suited to their environment are,on average,more likely to ________.
A) evolve
B) change over time
C) survive and reproduce
D) be larger
Q2) What is the fundamental difference between the processes of microevolution and macroevolution?
Q3) What is the original source of variation that natural selection can act upon?
A) Mutation
B) Gene flow
C) Genetic drift
D) All of the above
Q4) What is radiometric dating?
A) The process of determining the age of a fossil from radioactive isotopes
B) The mineralization process by which living things are turned into fossils
C) The process of determining the age of a fossil based on which layer in the rock it is found
D) The process of determining the age of a fossil using radio waves
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Biodiversity 1: Microscopic Organisms
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41676
Sample Questions
Q1) HIV,the virus that causes AIDS in humans,does not infect other animals,but only certain cells in the human body.Why?
Q2) The practice of using bacteria to remove pollutants from the environment is called
A) nitrogen fixation
B) bioremediaton
C) bioelimination
D) transduction
Q3) Where would you expect to find methanogens?
A) Near a volcano
B) In the surf along the beach
C) On the surface of plants
D) In the digestive tract of cows
Q4) Many of the organic molecules associated with life can be created spontaneously under certain conditions.What do these conditions resemble?
A) Earth's core
B) Primordial Earth
C) The sun
D) A comet
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Biodiversity 2: Fungi and Plants
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41677
Sample Questions
Q1) Are all fungi prokaryotes?
A) Yes, all fungi are prokaryotes.
B) No, some are prokaryotes, some are eukaryotes.
C) No, they are all eukaryotes.
D) No, they are neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes.
Q2) Which of the following is a unique characteristic of bryophytes not seen in the other plant groups?
A) They exhibit alternation of generations.
B) They produce flowers.
C) The gametophyte is larger than the sporophyte.
D) They produce diploid spores.
Q3) Fungi spores are haploid; what distinguishes haploid spores?
A) Like diploid organisms, haploid spores have a double set of chromosomes.
B) Haploid spores have a single set of chromosomes, half the number of chromosomes of diploid organisms.
C) Haploid spores have a double set of chromosomes, half the number of chromosomes of diploid organisms.
D) Like diploid organisms, haploid spores have a single set of chromosomes.
Q4) Name four ways roots benefit a plant.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Biodiversity 3: Animals
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
56 Verified Questions
56 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41678
Sample Questions
Q1) Which subgroup of mammals raises their young in pouches?
A) Marsupials
B) Monotremes
C) Eutherians
D) Cetaceans
Q2) Which is most closely related to the hagfish?
A) Shark
B) Tunicate
C) Lamprey
D) Lancelet
Q3) If you traveled back in time and met a living hominin,which clues might tell you that your new friend was in the genus Australopithecus and not Homo?
A) The hominin was bipedal.
B) You were in Africa.
C) The hominin had a relatively large brain.
D) You had traveled 3.5 million years into the past.
Q4) Roundworms are more closely related to arthropods than to flatworms.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: Human Body Systems
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41679
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the role of the villi?
A) To absorb small nutrient molecules from the digestive tract
B) To move food along the digestive tract
C) To secrete digestive enzymes into the digestive tract
D) To secrete water into the digestive tract
Q2) Describe the role of the two antagonistic hormones involved in the feedback loop that maintains the level of glucose in the blood.Which organs are involved,and what type of feedback is this?
Q3) What is the primary function of the sinoatrial node?
A) Initiates the contraction of the heart
B) Increases or decreases blood pressure
C) Opens and closes the heart valves
D) Supplies the heart muscle with oxygen
Q4) The spinal cord is part of the ________ nervous system.
A) somatic
B) peripheral
C) autonomic
D) central
Q5) Why can you not catch the same cold twice,but a new cold will make you sick for a week or two?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 12: Ecology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41680
Sample Questions
Q1) The practice of "eating down the food chain" refers to eating more plant material and less herbivores.Explain how this is a more efficient use of energy.
Q2) Identify the biotic factor of an ecosystem among the following options.
A) Amount of nitrogen available for the moss to grow on cliffs
B) Nesting spots on the edge of a cliff that birds can use
C) Average wind forces that the cliffs withstand daily
D) Amount of moss available to the consumers
Q3) Abiotic factors are ________.
A) living components of an ecosystem
B) nonliving components of an ecosystem
C) living and nonliving components of an ecosystem
D) None of the above
Q4) Disturbances to an ecosystem,such as fires and floods,are often seen as negative.Describe a situation where regular disturbances are not only beneficial but are also required to sustain the ecosystem.
Q5) Ecology and environmentalism are the same scientific discipline.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14