Freight Transport and Logistics
Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Freight Transport and Logistics explores the fundamental principles and practical applications involved in the movement of goods across various transportation modes, including road, rail, air, and sea. This course examines the complexities of global supply chains, warehouse management, freight forwarding, and inventory control, emphasizing the coordination of logistics activities to optimize efficiency and reduce costs. Students will analyze contemporary challenges such as sustainability, regulatory frameworks, technological advances, and risk management in freight operations. Through case studies and industry examples, learners will gain the skills necessary to design effective logistics strategies and understand the critical role of freight transport in supporting international trade and economic development.
Recommended Textbook
International Logistics Management of International Trade Operations 3rd Edition by David
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Chapter 1: Introduction
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Q1) Russia can produce 25 tons of steel or 5 automobiles using the same amount of resources.Using the exact same amount of resources,India can produce 18 tons of steel and 3 automobiles.According to the theory of comparative advantage,the countries will trade with each other.What will Russia produce?
A) steel
B) automobiles
C) some steel and some chairs
D) Impossible to determine with the information given
E) None of the above
Answer: B
Q2) The total value of international trade (2008)in services and merchandise is about
A) $ 20 billion.
B) $ 20 trillion.
C) $ 20 million.
D) $ 20 thousand.
E) None of the above
Answer: B
Q3) The Theory of Absolute Advantage was first coined by ____________________. Answer: Adam Smith
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Page 3
Chapter 2: International Supply Chain Management
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Q1) Who was the person who popularized the idea of sea-going containers that could be loaded directly onto a ship,a truck,or a railroad car?
A) Peter Maersk
B) Malcom McLean
C) Joseph Battaglia
D) Hapag Lloyd
E) None of the above
Answer: B
Q2) The increased usage of air transport for international trade has had which consequence?
A) decreased shipping costs
B) increased insurance claims
C) increased probability of a company being selected as a supplier, by reducing delivery times
D) increased shipping delays
E) All of the above
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: International Logistics Infrastructure
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Q1) Few ports have had to dredge channels to allow ships with drafts of up to 40 feet.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Because some ports are becoming increasingly limited in their ability to handle ever-larger ships it is possible that
A) ship sizes will become smaller.
B) massive government programs will do what is necessary to upgrade the smaller ports.
C) large ships will go to "hub" ports where "feeder" ships will traverse to and from the smaller ports.
D) ocean shipping costs will rapidly decline.
E) None of the above Answer: C
Q3) Unlike other industries,ports in the developed world have managed to avoid strong unions.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Methods of Entry into Foreign Markets
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Q1) The European Union has complained to the World Trade Organization (WTO)that American foreign sales corporations result in a(n)____________________ to exports,which is prohibited by the WTO.
Q2) A customer of a firm enters a foreign market by setting up a manufacturing facility.It tells its suppliers that they will need to supply parts for assembly at the manufacturing facility and for customer service.Therefore,the suppliers are engaged in what kind of exporting?
A) piggy-backing
B) direct exporting
C) franchising
D) a joint venture
E) None of the above
Q3) There are two types of factors included in the entry decision for an exporter: factors that are market-driven and factors that are company- or product-driven.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In a franchising arrangement,the ____________________ pays fees to the company that owns the bundle of intellectual property items.
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Chapter 5: International Contracts
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Q1) When an international distribution contract between an exporter and an agent/distributor is terminated for "just cause," in most cases the termination is made by the
A) agent/distributor.
B) government of the agent/distributor.
C) exporter.
D) government of the exporter.
E) None of the above
Q2) The scope of appointment clause of a contract usually prevents an agent or distributor to "cherry pick" the most profitable products for extra selling effort and to minimize effort toward less profitable products.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A legal dispute in which the loser bears court costs is said to be operating under A) common law.
B) European rules.
C) contract law.
D) arbitration.
E) None of the above
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Terms of Trade or Incoterms
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Q1) Under the DES Incoterm,the exporter is responsible for the goods until they are placed at the disposal of the importer at the ____________________ of destination.
Q2) Incoterms stands for
A) terminal incorporation procedures.
B) in-country termination.
C) international company terminology.
D) intercontinental term standards.
E) None of the above
Q3) The Cost,Insurance,and Freight Incoterm is specifically designed for land transportation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Under the DAF Incoterm,the exporter is responsible for the costs of transportation from the border city to the final destination and for the costs of clearing customs.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Under the FAS Incoterm,in countries where export authorities require a pre-shipment inspection,the ____________________ has to pay for it.
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Chapter 7: Terms of Payment
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Q1) A letter of credit is more secure than cash in advance.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Because some of their cash must be frozen at the issuing bank to guarantee payment,importers often prefer terms other than those of a letter of credit.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In most cases,it is wise to have a letter of credit confirmed by the advising bank.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The most commonly used term of payment in the European Union is
Q5) It is often a disadvantage to request a letter of credit because of the costs (and the cumbersome process)associated with it.
A)True
B)False
Q6) In a cash-in-advance transaction,all risk is transferred to the
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Chapter 8: Currency of Payment (Managing Transaction Risks)
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Sample Questions
Q1) The International Bank for Reconstruction
A) is called the Bretton Woods.
B) was developed to manage Germany's World War I reparations.
C) is also known as the World Bank.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above
Q2) In valuing a currency,the direct quote is
A) the traditional way of expressing the value of a currency like the Canadian dollar.
B) the value of the foreign currency expressed in units of the domestic currency.
C) the traditional way of expressing the value of a currency like the Japanese yen.
D) the value of the domestic currency expressed in units of foreign currency.
E) None of the above
Q3) As the Wall Street Journal quotes it,the exchange rate is the ____________________ between the bid and ask rates for exchanges of a value greater than $1,000,000 between banks.
Q4) One of the functions of a nation's central bank is that of a check
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Chapter 9: International Commercial Documents
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Sample Questions
Q1) A packing list always accompanies a shipment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The invoice that corresponds to an actual shipment is called the ____________________ invoice.
Q3) A Certificate of Certification
A) defines the technical characteristics of a good before it can be imported.
B) may be written by an independent company.
C) may be written by a trade association.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above
Q4) Most End-Use Certificates are provided by the governments of exporting countries. A)True
B)False
Q5) An import license is usually provided by an independent laboratory or independent inspection company attesting to composition of certain shipped products.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: International Insurance
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Sample Questions
Q1) At Lloyd's,individuals assuming (insuring)risks on their personal fortunes are called A) agents.
B) barristers.
C) Bespoke Names.
D) speculators.
E) None of the above
Q2) It is rare for cargo to fall overboard from ships.
A)True
B)False
Q3) "Warehouse-to-Warehouse" coverage is an extension to the traditional
A) All Risks policy.
B) With Average policy.
C) Free of Particular Average policy.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above
Q4) Hull insurance rates are dependent upon the ____________________ of a ship,the way it is maintained,and the equipment it has on board.
Q5) It is impossible to get insurance for ____________________ leakage.
Q6) Most cargo sent by air has ____________________ value.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: International Ocean Transportation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The total capacity of the ship expressed in long tons is called
A) ship size.
B) full tonnage.
C) deadweight tonnage.
D) weight tonnage.
E) ship capacity.
Q2) Standardized units of cargo on a LASH ship have a capacity of
A) 385 metric tons of deadweight tonnage.
B) 385 long tons.
C) 500 metric tons of deadweight tonnage.
D) 500 long tons.
E) None of the above
Q3) LASH ships cannot function well in ports that have little lifting equipment.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A ship will sit lower in saltwater than it would in fresh water with the same quantity of cargo.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A long ton is ____________________ pounds.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: International Air Transportation
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Q1) Combination aircrafts are mostly used on heavily-traveled routes,and used when urgent freight must take priority over passenger traffic.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In calculating airfreight rates,airlines figure the volume-weight of the shipment based on the volume yielding a certain weight value.As a result,
A) the airline will charge the lesser of the volume-weight or the actual weight of the cargo.
B) the airline will be more concerned about volume than weight.
C) the airline will charge the higher of the volume-weight or the actual weight of the cargo.
D) the airline will be concerned about the rates it will charge at different altitudes it flies.
E) None of the above
Q3) The largest cargo airport in the world is Miami,Florida.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The largest airfreight company in the world is ____________________.
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Chapter 13: International Land and Multi-Modal Transportation
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Q1) Pipelines can be used to transport coal.
A)True
B)False
Q2) River barges mostly carry ____________________ cargo.
Q3) In Europe,some trucking companies register their vehicles in other countries in order to avoid ____________________.
Q4) Efforts to develop a fairly seamless European freight rail system have been resisted by the country of ____________________.
Q5) Cargo that cannot fit through the doors of a regular container is shipped in ____________________ containers.
Q6) The term "project cargo" refers to cargo
A) that is oversize and cannot fit in a container.
B) that is outside of the normal realm of what shipping companies handle in terms of weight, size, or destination.
C) that weighs more than 100 metric tonnes and/or measures more than 100 cubic meters.
D) that requires special handling, such as refrigeration or atmospheric control.
E) None of the above
Page 15
Q7) Container ship capacity is measured in ____________________.
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Chapter 14: Packaging for Export
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Q1) Because of the threat to hardwood forests caused by the long-horned beetle,
A) wood pallets cannot be imported into China unless they have been fumigated, heat-treated, or pressure-treated with a pesticide.
B) wood pallets from China are not allowed in the United States unless they have been fumigated, heat-treated, or pressure-treated with a pesticide.
C) wood pallets cannot be used in Europe.
D) wood pallets are not allowed into India from the United States unless they have been fumigated, heat-treated, or pressure-treated with a pesticide.
E) None of the above
Q2) Air transport is,by nature,more hazardous than ocean transport.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Light leakage in a container could indicate a risk of water infiltration. A)True
B)False
Q4) An advantage of LCL shipping is that the cargo is not handled very much. A)True
B)False
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Page 16
Chapter 15: International Logistics Security
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Q1) When a machine erroneously identifies a shipment as containing dangerous cargo,when in reality it is a shipment of innocuous goods,the machine has committed a Type I error.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ____________________ is a strategy that attempts to eliminate all imports of a particular type of goods and all entries of a specific group of persons into a country.
Q3) In addition to the C-TPAT program,the United States has also created which program(s)or initiative(s)to improve security?
A) Maritime Transportation Security Act
B) Security and Accountability For Every Port Act
C) Transportation Workers' Identification Credential
D) Container Security Initiative
E) All of the above
Q4) When a machine erroneously clears a piece of luggage that actually contains a bomb,this is a Type I error.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Customs Clearance
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Q1) An "assist"
A) is an item the importer provided to the exporter to produce the good (such as a mold or die used in manufacturing the product).
B) is illegal.
C) changes the invoice value of the imported goods.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above
Q2) The country of origin of a product is the country in which it acquired its most substantial ____________________.
Q3) Customs determines tariffs based upon the type of goods imported,which is determined according to a number of rules of ____________________ that essentially have been standardized worldwide.
Q4) The concept of a value-added tax is simple and easy to administer.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The tax an importer must pay in order to be allowed to let goods into the country is called ____________________.
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Chapter 17: Using International Logistics for Strategic Advantage
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Q1) Among the criteria that the United States Department of State uses to determine whether a language is relatively easy or relatively difficult to learn is the complexity of the alphabet that language uses.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The U.S.system of measurements,also called the English measurement system,has five different types of ounces.Which is NOT one of them?
A) avoirdupois ounces
B) paper ounces
C) imperial fluid ounces
D) apothecary ounces
E) None of the above
Q3) A native speaker of English can use computer-translation software to determine whether his English will be understood by a foreign correspondent,by translating into a foreign language and then ____________________ into English.
Q4) An advantage of the metric system is that all of its units (meters,liters,grams)have fractions and multiples that are based on a ____________________ system.
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