Foundations of Nursing Question Bank
Course Introduction
Foundations of Nursing introduces students to the essential principles, theories, and skills that underpin the nursing profession. This course focuses on the history and evolution of nursing, ethical and legal considerations, the nursing process, communication techniques, basic patient care, and cultural competence. Through a blend of classroom instruction, simulation, and clinical experiences, students develop the foundational knowledge necessary for safe, effective, and empathetic care across diverse healthcare settings, preparing them for more advanced study and practice in nursing.
Recommended Textbook Concepts for Nursing Practice 2nd Edition by Giddens
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58 Chapters
459 Verified Questions
459 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Development
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8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse preparing a teaching plan for a preschooler knows that, according to Piaget, the expected stage of development for a preschooler is
A) concrete operational.
B) formal operational.
C) preoperational.
D) sensorimotor.
Answer: C
Q2) To plan early intervention and care for a child with a developmental delay, the nurse would consider knowledge of the Chapters most significantly impacted by development, including A) culture.
B) environment.
C) functional status.
D) nutrition.
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Functional Ability
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cleans the house
A)for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)
B)for basic activities of daily living (BADLs)
Answer: A
Q2) The nurse is developing an interdisciplinary plan of care using the Roper-Logan-Tierney Model of Nursing for a patient who is currently unconscious. Which interventions would be most critical to developing a plan of care for this patient?
A) Eating and drinking, personal cleansing and dressing, working and playing
B) Toileting, transferring, dressing, and bathing activities
C) Sleeping, expressing sexuality, socializing with peers
D) Maintaining a safe environment, breathing, maintaining temperature
Answer: D
Q3) Takes medications as prescribed
A)for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)
B)for basic activities of daily living (BADLs)
Answer: A
Q4) Uses a cane
A)for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)
B)for basic activities of daily living (BADLs)
Answer: B
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Family Dynamics
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7 Verified Questions
7 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When reviewing the purposes of a family assessment, the nurse educator would identify a need for further teaching if the student responded that family assessment is used to gain an understanding of which aspect of the family?
A) Development
B) Function
C) Political views
D) Structure
Answer: C
Q2) The nurse planning to assess the structure of a family should ask which question?
A) "Who lives with you in this home?"
B) "Who does the grocery shopping?"
C) "Who provides support in your family?"
D) "How old are the members of your family?"
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Women who are given the job of caretaker for aging relatives are subject to caregiver strain due to
A) feminine attributes.
B) unequal gender.
C) fixed gender roles.
D) female inequality.
Q2) A 60-year-old Italian immigrant presents for an annual physical. He is counseled about diagnostic testing including laboratory testing, colonoscopy, influenza vaccination, and pneumococcal vaccination. His reply is "If it ain't broke, don't try to fix it."
When developing a plan of care, the nurse should consider which cultural orientation for this patient?
A) Short term
B) Long term
C) Leisurely term
D) Noncommittal
Q3) What interrelated constructs facilitate a nurse to become culturally competent?
A) Cultural diversity, self-awareness, cultural skill, and cultural knowledge
B) Cultural desire, self-awareness, cultural knowledge, and cultural identity
C) Cultural desire, self-awareness, cultural knowledge, and cultural diversity
D) Cultural desire, self-awareness, cultural knowledge, and cultural skill
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Chapter 5: Spirituality
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient uses rosary beads and attends mass once a week. This expression of spirituality is best described with which term?
A) Religiosity
B) Faith
C) Belief
D) Authenticity
Q2) When conducting a spiritual assessment of a hospitalized patient, the nurse should remain aware of which potential barrier to effective communication?
A) Clarifying the meaning of a patient's statement
B) Multi-tasking while talking to the patient
C) Listening to patients' complete statements
D) Discussing patient's feelings while hospitalized
Q3) When developing a plan of care, the nurse should consider which attribute of the Chapter of spirituality?
A) Spirituality is not a well-known universal concept
B) Chronic versus acute illnesses affect spirituality
C) Convincing patients to pray is a priority intervention
D) Referrals may be needed to spiritual counselors
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7
Chapter 6: Adherence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient who has low motivation and nonadherence with blood glucose monitoring. Which statement by the patient would indicate to the nurse that the patient is not motivated and will most likely not comply?
A) "I do not like to test my sugar, but I do it because my wife nags me."
B) "I forget to check my sugar once in a while."
C) "I don't see or feel any different when I do keep my blood sugars under control."
D) "I have no idea what the signs of low blood sugar are."
Q2) A patient has been newly diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse assesses the need to develop a collaborative plan of care that includes a goal of adhering to the prescribed regimen. When the nurse is planning teaching for the patient, which is the most important initial learning goal?
A) The patient will select the type of learning materials they prefer.
B) The patient will verbalize an understanding of the importance of following the regimen.
C) The patient will demonstrate coping skills needed to manage hypertension.
D) The patient will verbalize the side effects of treatment.
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Chapter 7: Self-Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) When developing a plan of care to promote self-management, which patient is least likely to be affected by depression?
A) 55-year-old employed female
B) 35-year-old Hispanic male
C) 40 year old with 5th grade education
D) 42 year old with private insurance
Q2) The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a patient diagnosed with congestive heart failure. Which are the most appropriate teaching points to include that will assist in self-management of the disease? (Select all that apply.)
A) Side effects of medications
B) Activity restrictions
C) Daily weights
D) Increased sodium intake
E) Blood pressure monitoring
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Chapter 8: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient with which diagnosis should have the highest priority for teaching regarding foods that are high in magnesium?
A) Severe hemorrhage
B) Diabetes insipidus
C) Oliguric renal disease
D) Adrenal insufficiency
Q2) The patient's laboratory report today indicates severe hypokalemia, and the nurse has notified the physician. Nursing assessment indicates that heart rhythm is regular. What is the most important nursing intervention for this patient now?
A) Raise bed side rails due to potential decreased level of consciousness and confusion.
B) Examine sacral area and patient's heels for skin breakdown due to potential edema.
C) Establish seizure precautions due to potential muscle twitching, cramps, and seizures.
D) Institute fall precautions due to potential postural hypotension and weak leg muscles.
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Chapter 9: Acid-Base Balance
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient is hyperventilating from anxiety and abdominal pain. Which assessment findings should the nurse attribute to respiratory alkalosis? (Select all that apply.)
A) Skin pale and cold
B) Tingling of fingertips
C) Heart rate of 102
D) Numbness around mouth
E) Cramping in feet
Q2) The patient had diarrhea for 5 days and developed an acid-base imbalance. Which statement would indicate that the nurse's teaching about the acid-base imbalance has been effective?
A) "To prevent another problem, I should eat less sodium during diarrhea."
B) "My blood became too acid because I lost some base in the diarrhea fluid."
C) "Diarrhea removes fluid from the body, so I should drink more ice water."
D) "I should try to slow my breathing so my acids and bases will be balanced."
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Chapter 10: Thermoregulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the priority nursing action for a patient suspected to be hypothermic?
A) Assess vital signs.
B) Hydrate with intravenous (IV) fluids.
C) Provide a warm blanket.
D) Remove wet clothes.
Q2) Which strategies should the nurse include in a community program for senior citizens related to dealing with cold winter temperatures?
A) Avoiding hot beverages
B) Shopping at an indoor mall
C) Using a fan at low speed
D) Walking slowly in the park
Q3) The nurse admitting a patient to the emergency department on a very hot summer day would suspect hyperthermia when the patient demonstrates which assessment finding?
A) Decreased respirations
B) Low pulse rate
C) Red, sweaty skin
D) Slow capillary refill
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Chapter 11: Sleep
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is making rounds on the hospital unit and observes a patient sleeping. The patient's pulse and respiratory rates are slower than baseline. The nurse realizes the patient has most likely just entered which stage of non-rapid eye movement sleep?
A) Stage 1
B) Stage 2
C) Stage 3
D) Stage 4
Q2) A patient complains of not being able to fall asleep at night and asks the nurse if there is a safe, non-prescription medication he can try. After consulting the healthcare provider, the nurse should recommend which naturally occurring hormone?
A) Melatonin
B) Cortisol
C) Leutinizing hormone
D) Estrogen
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Chapter 12: Cellular Regulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) A female patient complains of a "scab that just won't heal" under her left breast. During your conversation, she also mentions chronic fatigue, loss of appetite, and slight cough, attributed to allergies. What is the nurse's best action?
A) Continue to conduct a symptom analysis to better understand the patient's symptoms and concerns.
B) End the appointment and tell the patient to use skin protection during sun exposure.
C) Suggest further testing with a cancer specialist and provide the appropriate literature.
D) Tell her to put a bandage on the scab and set a follow-up appointment in one week.
Q2) The nurse would incorporate which of the following into the plan of care as a primary prevention strategy for reduction of the risk for cancer?
A) Yearly mammography for women aged 40 years and older
B) Using skin protection during sun exposure while at the beach
C) Colonoscopy at age 50 and every 10 years as follow-up
D) Yearly prostate specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal exam for men aged 50 and over
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Chapter 13: Intracranial Regulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which assessment finding would be the earliest and most sensitive indicator that there is an alteration in intracranial regulation?
A) Change in level of consciousness
B) Inability to focus visually
C) Loss of primitive reflexes
D) Unequal pupil size
Q2) When caring for a patient after a head injury, the nurse would be most concerned with assessment findings which included respiratory changes along with what other findings?
A) Hypertension and bradycardia
B) Hypertension and tachycardia
C) Hypotension and bradycardia
D) Hypotension and tachycardia
Q3) The nurse preparing to care for a patient after a suspected stroke would question which order?
A) Antihypertensive
B) Antipyretic
C) Osmotic diuretic
D) Sedative
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Hormonal Regulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement made by a student nurse indicates the need for further teaching about pituitary insufficiency?
A) "Synthetic human growth hormone may be prescribed for children who are small for gestational age."
B) "Testosterone supplements may be prescribed for women with gonadotropin deficiency."
C) "Estrogen is known to regulate the action of growth hormone in men and women."
D) "Chronic kidney disease treatment may include synthetic growth hormone replacement."
Q2) Following a parathyroidectomy, which electrolyte should the nurse most closely monitor?
A) Potassium
B) Sodium
C) Magnesium
D) Calcium
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Chapter 15: Glucose Regulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse recognizes which patient as having the greatest risk for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus?
A) Young white man
B) Middle-aged African-American man
C) Young African-American woman
D) Middle-aged Native American woman
Q2) Which of the following would be included in the assessment of a patient with diabetes mellitus who is experiencing a hypoglycemic reaction? (Select all that apply.)
A) Tremors
B) Nervousness
C) Extreme thirst
D) Flushed skin
E) Profuse perspiration
F) Constricted pupils
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17
Chapter 16: Nutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) An African American is at an increased risk for which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A) Vitamin D deficiency
B) Type 1 diabetes
C) Celiac disease
D) Type 2 diabetes
E) Hypertension
F) Metabolic syndrome
Q2) During a nutritional assessment, the nurse calculates that a female patient's BMI is 27. The nurse would advise the patient to follow which of these recommendations?
A) This measurement indicates that the patient is overweight and should follow a plan of diet and exercise to lose weight.
B) This measurement indicates that the patient is underweight and will need to take measures to gain weight.
C) This measurement indicates that the patient is morbidly obese and may be a candidate for bariatric surgery.
D) This measurement indicates that the patient is of normal weight and should continue with current lifestyle.
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Chapter 17: Elimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) The process of digestion is important for every living organism for the purpose of nourishment. Where does most digestion take place in the body?
A) Large intestine
B) Stomach
C) Small intestine
D) Pancreas
Q2) During an assessment, the patient states that his bowel movements cause discomfort because the stool is hard and difficult to pass. As the nurse, you make which of the following suggestions to assist the patient with improving the quality of his bowel movement? (Select all that apply.)
A) Increase fiber intake.
B) Increase water consumption.
C) Decrease physical exercise.
D) Refrain from alcohol.
E) Refrain from smoking.
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Chapter 18: Perfusion
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is explaining to a student nurse about perfusion. The nurse knows the student understands the Chapter of perfusion when the student makes which statement?
A) "Perfusion is a normal function of the body, and I don't have to be concerned about it."
B) "Perfusion is monitored by the physician."
C) "Perfusion is monitored by vital signs and capillary refill."
D) "Perfusion varies as a person ages, so I would expect changes in the body."
Q2) A patient's serum electrolytes are being monitored. The nurse notices that the potassium level is low. What should the nurse monitor for in this patient?
A) Tissue ischemia
B) Brain malformations
C) Intestinal blockage
D) Cardiac dysrhythmia
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Chapter 19: Gas Exchange
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Sample Questions
Q1) The acid-base status of a patient is dependent on normal gas exchange. Which patient would the nurse identify as having an increased risk for the development of respiratory acidosis?
A) Chronic lung disease with increased carbon dioxide retention
B) Acute anxiety, hyperventilation, and decreased carbon dioxide retention
C) Decreased cardiac output with increased serum lactic acid production
D) Gastric drainage with increased removal of gastric acid
Q2) The nurse is assigned a group of patients. Which patient finding would the nurse identify as a factor leading to increased risk for impaired gas exchange?
A) Blood glucose of 350 mg/dL
B) Anticoagulant therapy for 10 days
C) Hemoglobin of 8.5 g/dL
D) Heart rate of 100 beats/min and blood pressure of 100/60
Q3) A 3-month-old infant is at increased risk for developing anemia. The nurse would identify which principle contributing to this risk?
A) The infant is becoming more active.
B) There is an increase in intake of breast milk or formula.
C) The infant is unable to maintain an adequate iron intake.
D) A depletion of fetal hemoglobin occurs.
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Clotting
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse would expect to administer an anticoagulant to a patient following which surgery?
A) Hip replacement
B) Hysterectomy
C) Abdominal aorta aneurism (AAA) repair
D) Appendectomy
Q2) A patient on a medical surgical unit has a platelet count of 90,000 per mm³. The nurse knows to include which of the following precautions in discharge instructions?
A) Use a standard safety razor for shaving.
B) Use a soft bristle toothbrush.
C) Have aggressive dental care immediately to prevent dental caries.
D) Do not eat fresh fruit.
Q3) Which nursing observation would indicate that the nurse hold the medication warfarin (Coumadin)?
A) An INR (international normalize ratio) of 1.8
B) An INR of 4.8
C) A partial thromboplastin time (APTT) level of 25 seconds
D) An APTT level of 35 seconds
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Chapter 21: Reproduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) A female college student is planning to become sexually active. She is considering birth control options and desires a method in which ovulation will be prevented. To prevent ovulation while reaching 99% effectiveness in preventing pregnancy, which option should be given the strongest consideration?
A) Intrauterine device
B) Coitus interruptus
C) Natural family planning
D) Oral contraceptive pills
Q2) The nurse at the family planning clinic conducts a male history for infertility evaluation. Which finding has the greatest implication for this patient's care?
A) Practice of nightly masturbation
B) Primary anovulation
C) High testosterone levels
D) Impotence due to alcohol ingestion
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Chapter 22: Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) In order to fully assess the patient and plan appropriate care including health teaching regarding sexuality the nurse should realize that which patient is most at risk for sexual abuse?
A) A recently divorced 50-year-old woman
B) A Hispanic teenage girl
C) A 30-year-old African-American male
D) An individual with intellectual or developmental disabilities
Q2) The school nurse is developing a curriculum for a junior human sexuality class. In order to provide the most up-to-date information, the nurse should be aware that which is the single most effective primary prevention strategy for preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?
A) A vaccine to prevent HPV infection
B) HIV screening
C) Abstinence
D) The male condom
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24
Chapter 23: Immunity
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who is being discharged home after a splenectomy. What information on immune function needs to be included in this patient's discharge planning?
A) The mechanisms of the inflammatory response
B) Basic infection control techniques
C) The importance of wearing a face mask in public
D) Limiting contact with the general population
Q2) An 18-month-old female patient is diagnosed with her fifth ear infection in the past 10 months. The physician notes that the child's growth rate has decreased from the 60th percentile for height and weight to the 15th percentile over that same time period. The child has been treated for thrush consistently since the third ear infection. The nurse understands that the patient is at risk for which condition?
A) Primary immunodeficiency
B) Secondary immunodeficiency
C) Cancer
D) Autoimmunity
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Chapter 24: Inflammation
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse assesses the patient and notes all of the following. Select all of the findings that indicate the systemic manifestations of inflammation.
A) Oral temperature 38.6° C/101.5° F
B) Thick, green nasal discharge
C) Patient complaint of pain at 6 on a 0 to 10 scale on palpation of frontal and maxillary sinuses
D) WBC 20 cells/McL \(\times\) 10<sup>9</sup>/L
E) Patient reports, "I'm tired all the time. I haven't felt like myself in days."
Q2) A patient is diagnosed with a sprain to her right ankle after a fall. The patient asks the nurse about using ice on her injured ankle. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "Use ice only when the ankle hurts."
B) "Ice should be applied for 15 to 20 minutes every 2 to 3 hours over the next 1 to 2 days."
C) "Wrap an ice pack around the injured ankle for the next 24 to 48 hours."
D) "Ice is not recommended for use on the sprain because it would inhibit the inflammatory response."
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26
Chapter 25: Infection
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Sample Questions
Q1) While reviewing the complete blood count (CBC) of a patient on her unit, the nurse notes elevated basophil and eosinophil readings. The nurse realizes that this is most indicative of which type of infection?
A) Bacterial
B) Fungal
C) Parasitic
D) Viral
Q2) Which set of assessment data is consistent for a patient with severe infection that could lead to system failure?
A) Blood pressure (BP) 92/52, pulse (P) 56 beats/min, respiratory rate (RR) 10 breaths/min, urine output 1200 mL in past 24 hours
B) BP 90/48, P 112 beats/min, RR 26 breaths/min, urine output 240 mL in past 24 hours
C) BP 112/64, P 98 beats/min, RR 18 breaths/min, urine output 2400 mL in past 24 hours
D) BP 152/90, P 52 beats/min, RR 12 breaths/min, urine output 4800 mL in past 24 hours
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Chapter 26: Mobility
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Sample Questions
Q1) What percentage of hip fractures is the result of falls?
A) 50%
B) 80%
C) 90%
D) 100%
Q2) Mobility for the patient changes throughout the life span. What is the term that best describes this process?
A) Aging and illness
B) Illness and disease
C) Health and wellness
D) Growth and development
Q3) The nurse is talking to the unlicensed assistive personnel about moving a patient in bed. The nurse knows the unlicensed assistive personnel understands the Chapter of mobility and proper moving techniques when making which statement?
A) "Patients must have a trapeze over the bed to move properly."
B) "Patients should move themselves in bed to prevent immobility."
C) "Patients should always have a two-person assist to move in bed."
D) "Patients must be moved correctly in bed to prevent shearing."
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Chapter 27: Tissue Integrity
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older patient has developed age spots and is concerned about skin cancer. How would the nurse instruct the patient to perform skin checks to assess for signs of skin cancer?
A) "Limit the time you spend in the sun."
B) "Monitor for signs of infection."
C) "Monitor spots for color change."
D) "Use skin creams to prevent drying."
Q2) A nurse is educating a 21-year-old lifeguard about the risk of skin cancer and the need to wear sunscreen. Which statement by the patient indicates that the need for further teaching?
A) "I wear a hat and sit under the umbrella when not in the water."
B) "I don't bother with sunscreen on overcast days."
C) "I use a sunscreen with the highest SPF number."
D) "I wear a UV shirt and limit exposure to the sun by covering up."
Q3) A patient is to receive phototherapy for the treatment of psoriasis. What is the nursing priority for this patient?
A) Obtaining a complete blood count (CBC)
B) Protection from excessive heat
C) Protection from excessive ultraviolet (UV) exposure
D) Instructing the patient to take their multivitamin prior to treatment
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Chapter 28: Sensory Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse requests that a mother give permission for a hearing test in a newborn infant. The mother questions the importance of such a test. The nurse correctly responds with which of the following statements?
A) "This will help us to identify your baby's risk for ear infections the first year of life."
B) "Hearing is important so your baby hears and responds to your voice, which makes you feel like a mother."
C) "Socialization skills include the need to hear in order to interpret the emotional aspect of the words that are spoken to your child."
D) "Imitation of sounds is the first step in language development, and it is important to identify alterations early."
Q2) The patient who had a hip replacement yesterday has a visual acuity of 20/200 after correction. What is the nurse's best action to provide recreational activities during the rehabilitation phase?
A) Place the television to the left or right of patient's visual field.
B) Encourage the patient to learn braille.
C) Suggest use of talking books.
D) Provide headphones for listening to music.
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Chapter 29: Pain
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Sample Questions
Q1) An 80-year-old male patient is in the intensive care unit has suffered a fractured femur. You are making rounds and notice he is somnolent, with no response to verbal or physical stimulation. He has been on round the clock opioid doses q 4 hours. What is the nurse's first action?
A) Call the rapid response team to care for the patient immediately.
B) Discontinue the opioids on the medication administration record.
C) Assess the patient's blood pressure and pain level.
D) Start a second intravenous line with a large bore catheter.
Q2) An elderly Chinese woman is interested in biologically based therapies to relieve osteoarthritis (OA) pain. You are preparing a plan of care for her OA. Options most conducive to her expressed wishes may include which actions or activities?
A) Pilates, breathing exercises, and aloe vera
B) Guided imagery, relaxation breathing, and meditation
C) Herbs, vitamins, and tai chi
D) Alternating ice and heat to relieve pain and inflammation
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31
Chapter 30: Fatigue
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Q1) The nurse palpates swollen nodes in a patient's neck who presented to the clinic with complaints of fatigue lasting at least 2 weeks. What is the nurse's best action?
A) Advise patient this finding is normal.
B) Review patient's thyroid labwork.
C) Perform deep tendon reflexes.
D) Notify the healthcare provider.
Q2) A patient has been recently diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome and asks the nurse about the cause of this illness. What is the nurse's best response?
A) "The provider will be able to tell you when the lab results are back."
B) "An exact cause may not be determined, but a treatment plan will be discussed."
C) "Stress is the main cause; a referral to a counselor may be helpful."
D) "This is considered a psychiatric illness requiring behavioral medicine."
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Chapter 31: Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient has not been sleeping well because he is worried about losing his job and not being able to support his family. The nurse takes the patient's vital signs and notes a pulse rate of 112 beats/min, respirations are 26 breaths/min, and his blood pressure is 166/88 instead his usual 110-120/76-84 range. Which nursing intervention or recommendation should be used first?
A) Go to sleep 30 to 60 minutes earlier each night to increase rest.
B) Relax by spending more time playing with his pet dog.
C) Slow and deepen breathing via use of a positive, repeated word.
D) Consider that a new job might be better than his present one.
Q2) A patient who had been complaining of intolerable stress at work has demonstrated the ability to use progressive muscle relaxation and deep breathing techniques. He will return to the clinic for follow-up evaluation in 2 weeks. Which data will best suggest that the patient is successfully using these techniques to cope more effectively with stress?
A) The patient's wife reports that he spends more time sitting quietly at home.
B) He reports that his appetite, mood, and energy levels are all good.
C) His systolic blood pressure has gone from the 140s to the 120s (mm Hg).
D) He reports that he feels better and that things are not bothering him as much.
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Chapter 32: Coping
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Q1) The nurse has been asked to administer a coping measurement instrument to a patient. What education would the nurse present to the patient related to this tool?
A) "This tool will let us compare your stress to other patients in the hospital."
B) "This tool is short because it only measures the negative stressors you are experiencing."
C) "You will need to ask your parents about stressors you had as a child to complete this tool."
D) "This tool will help assess recent positive and negative events you are experiencing."
Q2) The school nurse is assessing coping skills of high school students who attend an alternative school for students at high risk to not graduate. What is the priority concern that the nurse has for this student population?
A) Altered vital sign readings
B) Inaccurate perceptions of stressors
C) Increased risk for suicide
D) Decreased access to alcoholic beverages
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Chapter 33: Mood and Affect
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Q1) As a nurse in the emergency department, you are caring for a patient who is exhibiting signs of depression. What is a priority nursing intervention you should perform for this patient?
A) Assess for depression and ask directly about suicide thoughts.
B) Ask the care provider to prescribe blood lab work to assess for depression.
C) Focus on the presenting problems and refer the patient for a mental health evaluation.
D) Interview the patient's family to identify their concerns about the patient's behaviors.
Q2) A patient with a diagnosis of depression and suicidal ideation was started on an antidepressant 1 month ago. When the patient comes to the community health clinic for a follow-up appointment he is cheerful and talkative. What priority assessment must the nurse consider for this patient?
A) The medication dose needs to be decreased.
B) Treatment is successful, and medication can be stopped.
C) The patient is ready to return to work.
D) Specific assessment for suicide plan must be evaluated.
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Chapter 34: Anxiety
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Q1) A female patient is anxious after receiving the news that she needs a breast biopsy to rule out breast cancer. The nurse is assisting with a breast biopsy. Which relaxation technique will be best to use at this time?
A) Massage
B) Meditation
C) Guided imagery
D) Relaxation breathing
Q2) The nurse is assessing the social support of a patient who is recently divorced and has moved from their hometown to the city due to change in jobs. Which response related to social support would be most therapeutic?
A) Encourage the patient to begin dating again, perhaps with members of her church.
B) Discuss how divorce support groups could increase coping and social support.
C) Note that being so particular about potential friends reduces social contact.
D) Discuss using the Internet as a way to find supportive others with similar values.
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Chapter 35: Cognition
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Q1) A nurse working in a pediatric clinic recognizes that which child is most at risk for cognitive impairment?
A) An infant who is being fed reconstituted powdered formula
B) A toddler living in an older home that is being remodeled
C) A preschooler who attends a play group 3 days a week
D) A school-age child who rides a school bus 5 days a week
Q2) A cognitively impaired patient newly admitted to the hospital is experiencing signs of sundown syndrome. Which intervention is best for the nurse to implement?
A) Leave a night light on in the room at all times.
B) Leave the television on at night with the volume up.
C) Restrain the patient to maintain safety during the confusion.
D) Administer a sleeping medication to help the patient sleep.
Q3) The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient newly admitted to a unit that cares for patients with cognitive impairment. What is an important component of care for the patients on this unit?
A) Allow food selections from a menu with several choices.
B) Schedule frequent field trips off the unit for cognitive stimulation.
C) Plan for attendance at activities with several other patients on the unit.
D) Plan for a structured daily routine of events and caregivers.
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Page 37
Chapter 36: Psychosis
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Q1) Which side effect is highest priority for the nurse to assess for when diphenhydramine is administered to a patient also taking antipsychotic medication?
A) Increased pychosis
B) Cognitive impairment
C) Respiratory depression
D) Impaired memory
Q2) A 23-year-old male veteran of the war in Iraq is admitted with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following his arrest for destroying his girlfriend's apartment. This is not his first angry outburst resulting in destruction of property. Which interventions by the nurse will be most helpful to this patient? (Select all that apply.)
A) Allow opportunities for him to express his anger.
B) Provide patient and family teaching regarding PTSD.
C) Tell the patient that hurting himself will solve nothing.
D) Report him to the authorities.
E) Exhibit a nonjudgmental attitude.
F) Reassure him that everything will be all right.
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Chapter 37: Addiction
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing alcohol withdrawal. What is the highest priority for this patient?
A) Describe how the alcohol is causing the withdrawal effects.
B) Leave the patient by him/herself so as not to cause agitation.
C) Promote a safe, calm, and comfortable environment.
D) Refer the patient to an alcohol-abuse counselor.
Q2) A 45-year-old man is brought to the emergency department presenting with a respiratory rate of 6 breaths/min, and cardiac dysrhythmias. What is the most appropriate question the nurse should ask the patient's friend?
A) "Does he take amphetamines or uppers?"
B) "Has he ever used LSD?"
C) "Have you two been out of the country in the last 2 days?"
D) "Is he using any opioids such as heroin?"
Q3) To prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy from heavy alcohol use, the nurse anticipates an order for which medications?
A) Benzodiazepine
B) Thiamine and B complex
C) Vitamins C and D<sub>3</sub>
D) Klonopin
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Page 39
Chapter 38: Interpersonal Violence
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Q1) The nurse is counseling women at a crisis shelter about risk factors for increased intimate partner violence. What event is most likely to trigger an increase in abusive behaviors?
A) Moving to a new community
B) Starting a new job
C) Becoming pregnant
D) The death of a grandfather
Q2) The nurse is admitting a child with a history of abuse. The nurse understands that the child may exhibit what behaviors that are consequences of being in an abusive environment? (Select all that apply.)
A) Reliving abuse incidents
B) Sleep disturbance
C) Overeating
D) Acting out behaviors
E) Intermittent fever
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Chapter 39: Professional Identity
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Questions
Q1) Nursing demonstrates dedication to improving public health through which avenue?
A) Changing health care standards
B) Legal regulations
C) Scope of practice
D) Technology
Q2) The qualities of leadership, clinical expertise and judgment, mentorship, and lifelong learning would best describe which type of nurse?
A) Administrator
B) Certified nurse specialist
C) Practitioner
D) Professional
Q3) A new registered nurse asks the registered nurse (RN) preceptor what could be done to become more professional. What is the preceptor's best response?
A) "Attend nursing educational meetings."
B) "Listen to other nurses."
C) "Read the agency newsletter."
D) "Pass the licensing exam."
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Chapter 40: Clinical Judgment
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Q1) A nurse has designed an individualized nursing care plan for a patient, but the patient is not meeting goals. Further assessment reveals that the patient is not following through on many items. Which action by the nurse would be best for determining the cause of the problem?
A) Assess whether the actions were too hard for the patient.
B) Determine whether the patient agrees with the care plan.
C) Question the patient's reasons for not following through.
D) Reevaluate data to ensure the diagnoses are sound.
Q2) A nurse has committed a serious medication error and has reported the error to the hospital's adverse medication error hotline as well as to the unit manager. The manager is a firm believer in developing critical thinking skills. From this standpoint, what action by the manager would best nurture this ability in the nurse who made the error?
A) Have the nurse present an in-service related to the cause of the error.
B) Instruct the nurse to write a paper on how to avoid this type of error.
C) Let the nurse work with more experienced nurses when giving medications.
D) Send the nurse to refresher courses on medication administration.
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Chapter 41: Leadership
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Q1) According to situational and contingency theory, which statement is true?
A) The theory challenges the concept that one leadership style is always best.
B) The theory supports employee feelings, morale, and feedback during the change process.
C) Motivation through inspiration and recognition is the focus for transforming employee behavior.
D) A leader is someone who possesses great intelligence and decision-making authority.
Q2) The nurse who is certified as a Critical Care Registered Nurse (CCRN) represents the unit on the organizational performance improvement team. This is an example of which type of leadership?
A) Formal
B) Unit
C) Organizational
D) Informal
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Chapter 42: Ethics
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Q1) A male patient suffered a brain injury from a motor vehicle accident and has no brain activity. The spouse has come up to see the patient every day for the past 2 months. She asks the nurse, "Do you think when he moves his hands he is responding to my voice?" The nurse feels bad because she believes the movements are involuntary, and the prognosis is grim for this patient. She states, "He can hear you, and it appears he did respond to your voice." The nurse is violating which principle of ethics?
A) Autonomy
B) Veracity
C) Utilitarianism
D) Deontology
Q2) A patient suffered a brain injury from a motor vehicle accident and has no brain activity. The patient has a living will which states no heroic measures. The family requests that no additional heroic measures be instituted for their son. The nurse respects this decision in keeping with which principle?
A) Accountability
B) Autonomy
C) Nonmaleficence
D) Veracity
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Chapter 43: Patient Education
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Q1) When describing patient education approaches, the nurse educator would explain that informal teaching is an approach that involves which quality?
A) Addresses group needs
B) Follows formalized plans
C) Has standardized content
D) Often occurs one-to-one
Q2) The nurse educator would identify a need for further teaching when the student lists which example as a type of learning?
A) Affective
B) Cognitive
C) Psychomotor
D) Self-directed
Q3) What is the most appropriate resource to include when planning to provide patient education related to a goal in the psychomotor domain?
A) Diagnosis-related support groups
B) Internet resources
C) Manikin practice sessions
D) Self-directed learning modules
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45
Chapter 44: Health Promotion
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Q1) When teaching a patient with a family history of hypertension about health promotion, the nurse describes blood pressure screening as which type of prevention?
A) Illness
B) Primary
C) Secondary
D) Tertiary
Q2) When there is evidence that supports a screening for an individual patient but not for the general population, the nurse would expect the United States Preventive Services Task Force Grading to be what?
A) No recommendation for or against
B) Recommends
C) Recommends against
D) Strongly recommends
Q3) The primary health care nurse would recommend screening based on known risk factors, because of which action?
A) Eliminate the possibility of developing a condition.
B) Identify appropriate treatment guidelines.
C) Initiate treatment of a condition or disease.
D) Make a substantial difference in morbidity and mortality.
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Page 46
Chapter 45: Communication
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Q1) A nurse is conducting a therapeutic session with a patient in the inpatient psychiatric facility. Which remark by the nurse would be an appropriate way to begin an interview session?
A) "How shall we start today?"
B) "Shall we talk about losing your privileges yesterday?"
C) "Let's get started discussing your marital relationship."
D) "What happened when your family visited yesterday?"
Q2) A patient states, "I had a bad nightmare. When I woke up, I felt emotionally drained, as though I hadn't rested well." Which response by the nurse would be an example of interpersonal therapeutic communication?
A) "It sounds as though you were uncomfortable with the content of your dream."
B) "I understand what you're saying. Bad dreams leave me feeling tired, too."
C) "So, all in all, you feel as though you had a rather poor night's sleep?"
D) "Can you give me an example of what you mean by a 'bad nightmare'?"
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Chapter 46: Collaboration
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Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient with a progressive, degenerative muscle illness. The patient states that she would like to remain in her home with her daughter as long as possible. What action should the nurse take?
A) Teach the patient muscle strengthening and stretching exercises.
B) Tell the patient to make plans to move to an assisted-living facility.
C) Discuss resources to help the patient and make appropriate referrals.
D) Ask the patient to come in for daily physical therapy.
Q2) A patient has been admitted to an acute care hospital unit. The nurse explains the hospital philosophy that the patient be an active part of planning their care. The patient verbalizes understanding of this request when they make which statement?
A) "I will have to do whatever the physician says I need to do."
B) "Once a plan is developed, it cannot be changed."
C) "My insurance will not pay if I don't do what you want me to do."
D) "We can work together to adjust my plan as we need to."
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Chapter 47: Safety
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Q1) The strategy to avoid medication errors endorsed by the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) to differentiate products with look-alike names is referred to as which term?
A) Automatic alerts
B) Bar coding
C) Computer order entry
D) Tallman lettering
Q2) Aspects of safety culture that contribute to a culture of safety in a health care organization include which component?
A) Communication
B) Fear of punishment
C) Malpractice implications
D) Team nursing
Q3) Which is an essential element of a standard order set to verify a medication order?
A) Volume only
B) Number of tablets
C) Metric dose/strength
D) Hour of administration
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Chapter 48: Technology and Informatics
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Q1) The application of information processing that deals with the storage, retrieval sharing, and use of health care data, information, and knowledge for communication and decision making is the definition of which area?
A) Computer science
B) Health informatics
C) Health information technology
D) Nursing informatics
Q2) Which are exemplars of the health informatics Chapter?
A) Clinical research informatics
B) Hardware and software
C) Privacy and security
D) Standard terminology
Q3) The nurse manager of a medical/surgical unit wants to increase the use of health care technology on the unit and is working with an ANA-certified informatics nurse to reduce which barriers to health information exchange?
A) Basic informatics knowledge and skills
B) Offering the best set of tools
C) Privacy and security policies
D) Unit-specific terminology
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Page 50
Chapter 49: Evidence
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Q1) The nurse in the outpatient setting would like to conduct a research study that compares patients who take tramadol (Ultracet) to patients who take oxycodone hydrochloride and acetaminophen (Percocet) for managing back pain. Which quantitative research method should yield the best results?
A) Longitude study
B) Controlled study
C) Systematic reviews/meta-analysis
D) Survey study
Q2) The nurse administrator is doing a study that entails gathering data about new employees over a 10-year period. Which research method would be the best one to use for this type of study?
A) Quantitative longitude cohort
B) Qualitative longitudinal
C) Qualitative interview
D) Qualitative case study
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Chapter 50: Health Care Quality
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Q1) A student nurse and clinical instructor are discussing quality in health care. The instructor knows the student understands when the student makes which statement?
A) "Quality is apparent in all health care."
B) "Quality is an outcome of health care."
C) "Quality is seen and unseen in health care."
D) "Quality is achieved by collaboration in health care."
Q2) The focus of quality health care should be on which of the following items? (Select all that apply.)
A) Excellent services
B) Comprehensive communication
C) Private hospital rooms
D) Health team collaboration
E) Culturally competent care
Q3) Which statement is true regarding the patient's perception of his or her care?
A) Patent perception is just as important as the outcome of care.
B) Patient perception is insignificant compared to the outcome of care.
C) Patient satisfaction has no relation to quality of care.
D) Patient satisfaction is insignificant compared to the outcome of care.
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Chapter 51: Care Coordination
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Q1) A nursing instructor is talking about care coordination with nursing students. The instructor stresses which of the following to the students concerning care coordination?
A) "A patient must ask for what they need in order to coordinate care."
B) "The nurse does most of the work in care coordination."
C) "Medical diagnoses are an integral part of care coordination."
D) "Collaboration is a significant part of care coordination."
Q2) For children and teens, which model includes school-based services?
A) Social
B) Integrated
C) Medically-Oriented
D) Nurse-Oriented
Q3) Medical models coordinate medical services and were traditionally designed fulfill which function?
A) Be patient specific.
B) Be nursing oriented.
C) Be diagnosis specific.
D) Be community oriented.
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Chapter 52: Caregiving
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Q1) Many grandparents today are caring for grandchildren in place of a parent. Identify the reasons why this phenomenon is happening. (Select all that apply.)
A) Children prefer living with their grandparents.
B) Parents are incarcerated.
C) Parents are deceased.
D) Grandparents are better caregivers.
E) Parents are mentally ill.
F) Parents are substance abusers.
Q2) A mother is talking with the community-based nurse concerning her adult son. The son is mentally challenged and not able to live on his own. The mother is concerned about her son's welfare when she is no longer able to care for him. What is the best response by the nurse?
A) "Let's look into the community resources that are available to assist you."
B) "You have raised your son well, and he will be okay on his own."
C) "Contact your distant relatives to see if anyone would take your son."
D) "There are places for mentally challenged adults; let's place him there."
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Chapter 53: Palliation
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Q1) The student demonstrates a lack of understanding of palliative care when making which statement?
A) "Palliative care is designed to promote comfort."
B) "Palliative care is designed to reduce disease exacerbations."
C) "Palliative care is designed to decrease acute care hospital admissions."
D) "Palliative care is designed to promote a cure for chronic disease."
Q2) Which is one of the biggest challenges facing current nursing practice?
A) The number of aging Americans living with chronic disease.
B) The number of patients entering into hospice programs.
C) The number of cancer patients receiving supportive care.
D) Reduced length of stay in hospice care.
Q3) Today most patients are living for several years before dying with multiple chronic conditions, such as COPD, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and obesity. These concomitant diseases contribute to multiple symptoms that interfere with the patient's quality of life. What type of care would you consider for this patient?
A) End-of-life care
B) Supportive care
C) Comfort care
D) Palliative care
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Page 55
Chapter 54: Health Disparities
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Q1) Before beginning work on a culturally diverse hospital unit, the nurse should perform which action first?
A) Improve self-awareness of one's own biases
B) Attend an anti-discrimination rally or march
C) Build rapport and trust with the patients
D) Take a foreign language class
Q2) A new nurse requires further teaching when failing to identify which practice as a health disparity?
A) Annual mammogram
B) Early prenatal care
C) Blood pressure screening
D) Frequent fast food meals
Q3) The nurse is caring for diverse population groups at a health clinic. Which of the following patients demonstrates a potential health disparity group?
A) A 26-year-old woman who is receiving follow-up after a car accident.
B) A 30-year-old immigrant who does not speak English.
C) A 28-year-old man who needs a tetanus booster.
D) A 12-month-old with an appointment for immunizations.
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Chapter 55: Health Care Organizations
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Q1) A hospital organization is working to improve a feeling of being valued and respected among all staff members. Which action by administration would reinforce the feeling of being valued?
A) Create professional pathways that require advanced education for any advancement of staff.
B) Seek staff input when planning a remodeling project of patient rooms.
C) Form committees that consist of upper management to plan organizational goals.
D) Consistently schedule required staff meetings at the same time each month.
Q2) The annual report for a hospital shows that external environment factors are affecting the amount of new staff hired. What is a likely factor contributing to this outcome?
A) The recent implementation of becoming a not-for-profit institution
B) The implementation of a hospital electronic medical record system
C) A national recession that has been occurring for 3 years
D) The closure of a hospital-based school of nursing due to lack of funding
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Chapter 56: Health Care Economics
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Q1) What do the economics of health care include?
A) Medicare and Medicaid dollars
B) Patients' rights
C) Equal distribution of health care
D) Nurse salaries
Q2) A student nurse is discussing Medicare coverage with the clinical instructor. The instructor knows the student understands Medicare when the student makes this which statement(s)? (Select all that apply.)
A) Medicare covers all patients while they are in the hospital.
B) Medicare is funded by the federal government.
C) Medicare is for persons 65 years old and older.
D) Medicare is partially funded by private third-party payers.
E) Medicare is for patients who are disabled and/or have end-stage renal disease.
Q3) The US health care system is different from that of other countries in which way?
A) The US charges money from the private sector only.
B) US health care is funded from private organizations.
C) The US health care system is not entirely government funded.
D) The US health care treats the older person first.
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Chapter 57: Health Policy
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Q1) Which branch of government is responsible for the execution of laws passed by legislatures?
A) Legislative
B) Judicial
C) Executive
D) Local
Q2) Nurses can be health advocates in which of the following ways? (Select all that apply.)
A) Supporting their professional nursing organization when discussing upcoming legislation
B) Discussing the upcoming classes with a neighbor
C) Rallying for coverage for childhood immunizations
D) Arranging for a patient to meet with case management for home health care
E) Discussing a patient they are concerned about with a fellow student in the public cafeteria
Q3) A definition of health policy includes which of the following elements?
A) Funding for public education
B) Appropriation of funds for roadwork
C) Selection of congressional members of committees
D) Public policy made to support health-related goals
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Chapter 58: Health Care Law
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Q1) Which of the following is an example of a nurse violating the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996?
A) The nurse asks the unit clerk to look up lab values for her relative recently admitted to the hospital.
B) A group of fellow employees are discussing a patient's clinical status in a public place. The nurse manager requests that they step into private room to complete the discussion.
C) After entering the progress notes on a patient's electronic medical record, the nurse logs off the computer to allow her coworker to use the terminal.
D) As a family approaches the nursing desk, the nurse removes the patient census sheet from view on the counter.
Q2) What is one of the major attributes of health care law?
A) It defines the expected behavior of persons in the business of health care.
B) The law or rule is easy to interpret and comply with.
C) It is established by any health care authority.
D) The creator must be an expert in health care.
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