Foundations of World History Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Foundations of World History explores the development of human civilizations from prehistoric times through the early modern era. The course examines significant social, political, economic, and cultural transformations across different regions, emphasizing the connections and interactions among societies. Students will analyze primary sources, key historical themes, and major turning points that have shaped the world, gaining an understanding of how geography, belief systems, technological advancements, and encounters between peoples have influenced the course of history.
Recommended Textbook
World History 8th Edition by William J. Duiker
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30 Chapters
3692 Verified Questions
3692 Flashcards
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2
Chapter 1: Early Humans and the First Civilizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) hominids
Answer: Answer not provided.
Q2) Mummification was to
A)help ensure that one could continue to live despite the death of the physical body.
B)assure against the return of the ka.
C)prevent the vital force of the physical body from returning.
D)prevent the vital force of the physical body from departing.
E)prevent decomposition during immersion in the Nile or exposure to the sun.
Answer: A
Q3) The earliest hominids
A)lived in Asia.
B)lived in Africa.
C)used iron tools.
D)are known as Homo sapiens.
E)evolved 1,000,000 years ago.
Answer: B
Q4) Homo sapiens
Answer: Answer not provided.
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3
Chapter 2: Ancient India
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Sample Questions
Q1) jati
Answer: Answer not provided.
Q2) Four Noble Truths
Answer: Answer not provided.
Q3) The Indian term dharma referred to laws setting behavioral standards for which groups in Indian society?
A)bodhis and kshatriyas.
B)rajas and maharajas.
C)the Dao.
D)the untouchables.
E)all inhabitants of India, of all classes.
Answer: E
Q4) The three "twice-born" castes were the
A)Sikh, Hamar and Maltese.
B)sudras, brahmins and kshatriya.
C)vaisya, kshatriya and brahmins.
D)brahmins, bodhi and mahayana.
E)sudra, ashakan and pariah.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: China in Antiquity
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Sample Questions
Q1) The conversations between Confucius and his disciples are found in the
A)Book of Changes.
B)Book of Histories.
C)Analects.
D)Book of Songs.
E)Way of the Dao.
Answer: C
Q2) The beginnings of civilization in China were
A)delayed by the marauding raids of the Xia.
B)under the political organization of the Qin.
C)the result of a concentrated development of Kunming bureaucratic arrangements.
D)came from the Shang dynasty's exploitation of the nomads.
E)possibly first experienced under the Xia dynasty.
Answer: E
Q3) Great Wall
Answer: Answer not provided.
Q4) The Qin dynasty had problems with the nomadic Xiongnu from Central Asia.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 5
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Chapter 4: The Civilization of the Greeks
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Sample Questions
Q1) Plato's ideal forms
Q2) Sparta
Q3) Alexandria
Q4) Greek geography
A)helped to produce a civilization that was composed of cooperative and peaceful communities.
B)contained mountainous areas that impeded Greek unity.
C)prohibited a relationship with the sea that produced colonization.
D)encouraged industrialization
E)discouraged emigration.
Q5) What were the chief features of the polis, or city-state? Compare and contrast the values, institutions, and actions of the city-states of Sparta and Athens.
Q6) polis
Q7) As an island-based civilization in the Aegean Sea region, Minoan civilization had little or no contract with ancient Egypt.
A)True
B)False
Q8) Heinrich Schliemann
Q9) Solon and Cleisthenes
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Sample Questions
Q1) the Colosseum and gladiators
Q2) Members of the aristocratic governing class in Rome were known as the A)hoplites.
B)Gracchi.
C)Latins.
D)patricians.
E)plebs.
Q3) centuriate and council of the Plebs
Q4) paterfamilias
Q5) the Apennines
Q6) Antony and Cleopatra V2 and the Battle of Actium
Q7) The third century C.E. was notable for all of the following except A)the official adoption of Christianity as the religion of the empire.
B)the invasion by German tribes.
C)the onset of plagues.
D)the frequent turnover of "military" emperors.
E)inroads by the Sassanid Persian empire.
Q8) Iron casting and paper
Q9) Octavian/Augustus Page 7
Q10) Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
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Page 8
Chapter 6: The Americas
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among the mounted nomads who came to dominate much of the southwestern plains of North America after 1500 C.E. were the
A)Ute and the Mohawk.
B)Apache and Navajo.
C)Cree and Shoshone.
D)Anasazi and Arawak.
E)both b and c
Q2) Mayan Long Count
Q3) What was the purpose of the human sacrifices practiced by the Aztecs?
A)To obtain the atman of the victim.
B)To appease Huitzilopochtli, and thus delay the ultimate destruction of their world.
C)To insure an abundant harvest.
D)To insure long life for the emperor.
E)To provide victims for the ball court games.
Q4) Teotihuacán
Q5) The Aztec capital was Teotihuacán.
A)True
B)False
Q6) quipu
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Chapter 7: Ferment in the Middle East: the Rise of Islam
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Sample Questions
Q1) Conversion to Islam was required of conquered populations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Koran/Qur'an
Q3) The umma was the religious leader of Islam.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The capital city of the Abbasid caliphate was Damascus.
A)True
B)False
Q5) ulama
Q6) Seljuk Turks
Q7) Saladin
Q8) Consider the relative contributions of Arab, Turk, and Persian cultures to Islamic literature, art, and architecture.
Q9) Ka'aba
Q10) Mecca
Q11) umma
Q12) Charles Martel Page 10
Q13) Mamluks
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Page 11
Chapter 8: Early Civilizations in Africa
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ibn Battuta
Q2) The San
A)was the largest tribal grouping in West Africa.
B)kept the Bantu out of their lands for eight centuries by using a guerrilla war strategy.
C)created the largest city in southern Africa in the eleventh century.
D)linguistically were related to the Khoi, distinguished by the use of "clicking" sounds.
E)overwhelmed the fortress at Marrakech in 1066.
Q3) How did Karl Mauch's opinion of origin of the ruins he discovered reflect the general attitude of nineteenth century Europeans toward the sub-Saharan Africans? How have new discoveries about developments in Nubia, Kush, and the Sahara challenged historians' thinking about the origins of civilization in Africa, and the world? In your opinion, what are the most significant cultural contributions of African societies?
Q4) Nok culture
Q5) al-Maghrib
Q6) matrilinear
Q7) Congo River
Q8) Zagwe churches
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Chapter 9: The Expansion of Civilization in South and Southeast Asia
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sun Temple at Konarak
Q2) sati
Q3) Angkor Thom and Angkor Wat
Q4) Fa Xian and Xuan Zang
Q5) Using specific examples, discuss the impact of Islam on the art and architecture of India.
Q6) Which of the following statements is not true about ancient Indian music?
A)It was derived from Vedic chants.
B)It had no spiritual connection at all.
C)It emphasized the performer's creativity.
D)Classical Indian music is based on a scale called a raga.
E)Music played a major role in religious observances.
Q7) Avalokitsevaran/Guan Yin
Q8) Devi
Q9) Islam was spread through parts of India by the military advances of A)the Rajputs.
B)Mahmud of Ghazni.
C)the Nanaks.
D)Samudragupta. Page 13
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Page 14
Chapter 10: The Flowering of Traditional China
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Sample Questions
Q1) Uighurs, Kirghiz, and Khitan
Q2) How did construction of the Grand Canals under the Sui have a long term effect in China?
Q3) Wang Anshi
Q4) Wu Zhao/Empress Wu
Q5) Song Taizu
Q6) The philosophical school in opposition to Zhu Xi's Supreme Ultimate was
A)the Hundred Schools.
B)the School of the Mind
C)Manichaecism
D)Neo-Confucianism.
E)Daoism
Q7) By the Tang and Song eras, the gentry had replaced the aristocracy as the political and economic elite of Chinese society.
A)True
B)False
Q8) Xuanzong and Yan Guifei
Q9) foot binding
Page 15
Q10) What school of philosophy would Wang Anshi fall into, based on his text for administrative qualifications?
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Page 16
Chapter 11: The East Asian Rimlands: Early Japan, Korea, and Vietnam
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Sample Questions
Q1) Annam and Champa
Q2) What role did geography play in Japan's early development? How did it influence its social, religious, and political institutions? By comparing and contrasting Great Britain and Japan, can you make any generalizations about the development of insular societies?
Q3) In spite of the impact of Chinese influence,
A)Vietnam developed chu nom, which was a writing system for spoken Vietnamese.
B)Japan never adopted either Chinese characters for writing or any of its governmental system.
C)Korea never accepted tributary status under Chinese overlordship.
D)Confucianism itself had little influence anywhere outside of China proper.
E)Korea never came under Chinese political control.
Q4) The lowest in the Korean social hierarchy was the
A)eta
B)chonmin
C)dangun
D)shudra
E)smerd
Q5) "land of Wa"
Q6) Koryo dynasty
Page 17
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Page 18
Chapter 12: The Making of Europe
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Sample Questions
Q1) In what area did communes first appear?
A)Within boroughs in England.
B)Northern Italy.
C)Spain.
D)Russia.
E)Flanders.
Q2) Constantinople and Hangzhou
Q3) How did the philosophies and actions of the medieval papacy influence European development? What other institutions did its particular development influence and alter? How, why, and with what results?
Q4) Which of the following was not characteristic of Romanesque architecture?
A)barrel vaults
B)flying buttresses
C)massive pillars and walls
D)dark on the inside
E)gave the impression of a fortress
Q5) Bayeux tapestry
Q6) Clovis and the Merovigians
Q7) Urban 2 and Council of Clermont
Q8) Magna Carta
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Chapter 13: The Byzantine Empire and Crisis and Recovery in the
West
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Western Roman Empire fell in the fifth century C.E., but the Eastern Roman Empire survived for many centuries. Why?
Q2) In 1054, the leaders of the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church excommunicated each other in a dispute over papal primacy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Renaissance began in
A)Byzantium.
B)France.
C)Italy.
D)Spain.
E)Flanders.
Q4) By the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French gained victory because of A)cannon and gunpowder.
B)the crossbow.
C)the longbow.
D)heavily armored cavalry.
E)German mercenaries.
Q5) Theodora
Page 20
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Chapter 14: New Encounters: the Creation of a World Market
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Sample Questions
Q1) Treaty of Tordesillas
Q2) Western historians customarily regard this as the crucial point in opening the trade routes to the East.
A)the travels of Marco Polo
B)the voyages of Vasco de Gama
C)the discovery of the New World by Columbus
D)Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe
E)Prince Henry, the Navigator's establishment of a school for navigators
Q3) Which of the following is not correct about the economy of Southeast Asia in the sixteenth century?
A)Regional and interregional trade had begun to expand even before the arrival of the Europeans.
B)Although agriculture was the economic basis of society, commerce was beginning to affect daily life.
C)The region exported nothing but agricultural produce.
D)Agriculture was becoming commercialized.
E)The royal courts were the main producers and major consumers of luxury goods.
Q4) Paramesvara
Q5) manioc
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Chapter 15: Europe Transformed: Reform and State Building
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Sample Questions
Q1) Francis Xavier and Matteo Ricci
Q2) the United Provinces of the Netherlands
Q3) Which of the following are correct statements about life in Protestant Europe in the 1500s and 1600s?
A)Clergy were required to remain celibate.
B)Ministers were allowed to get married and have families.
C)England's Henry VIII established the Lutheran Church in his kingdom.
D)Differences with Catholics were always resolved peacefully.
E)Women were given equal political rights with men.
Q4) Compare and contrast the accomplishments of Henry IV of France, Elizabeth I of England, and Philip 2 of Spain. In retrospect, which of the three was most successful and which was least successful, and why?
Q5) Louis XIV
Q6) All of the following aided in the development of French absolutism except
A)the concentration of central policy-making at Versailles.
B)royal policies effectively weakening the Huguenots and the French nobles.
C)putting down rebellious challenges to royal rule.
D)Louis XIV's removal of the royal princes from the royal council.
E)the king's ability to rule directly over the internal administration of the kingdom.
Page 22
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Chapter 16: The Muslim Empires
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sinan
Q2) As the British extended their economic and military control over India, from the coastal cities to the inland regions,
A)all local Indian rulers became richer and more powerful.
B)British and Indian elite wealth and success increased, as did that of Indian peasants.
C)both the British and the Indians prospered from the new alliance.
D)British colonial rule in India initially favored Indian interests over those of Britain.
E)an estimated one-third of the population in areas under British East Company control died in the 1770s in a series of massive famines.
Q3) Discuss the successes and failures of the Mughal dynasty in ruling India. Compare those successes and failures to Ottoman rule. Which dynasty was most successful, and why?
Q4) yeni cheri/Janissaries
Q5) Tulsidas' Ramcaritimanas
Q6) Aurangzeb
Q7) Humayun
Q8) Golden Horn
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Chapter 17: The East Asian World
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Sample Questions
Q1) Yi dynasty
Q2) The outstanding example of Chinese architecture during the Ming and early Qing eras is the
A)Dynastic City in Shanghai.
B)Forbidden City in Beijing.
C)Dynastic City in Canton.
D)Imperial City in Nanjing.
E)Coronic temple in Foochow.
Q3) the queue
Q4) The name of the Chinese dynasty established by the Manchus was the A)Yuan.
B)Tang.
C)Ming.
D)Qing.
E)Han.
Q5) Zhu Yuanzhang
Q6) To what degree did developments in Korea during the period discussed in thisChapter reflect conditions in China and Japan? What were the unique aspects of Vietnamese civilization?
Q7) East India Company/Canton
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Chapter 18: The West on the Eve of a New World Order
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Q1) What do historians mean by the term "enlightened absolutism," and to what degree did eighteenth-century Prussia, Austria, and Russia exhibit its characteristics? How "enlightened" was enlightened absolutism as it was manifested in eighteenth-century Europe? Give examples to support your viewpoint.
Q2) enlightened despotism
Q3) Napoleon Bonaparte
Q4) Which of the following descriptions best depicts the Rococo style?
A)the profuse use of strict geometric patterns
B)emphasis on largeness and majesty
C)a fondness for curves and emphasized grace, charm, and gentle action
D)a rejection of the effort to seek love, joy, and pleasure in favor of religious imagery
E)stress on formal order
Q5) Discuss the positive and the negative contributions of Napoleon to the French Revolution and to Europe generally in the early nineteenth century. Would France and Europe have been better off if he had never attained political power? Why or why not?
Q6) "cottage industry" or the "putting-out" system
Q7) Emelyan Pugachev
Q8) the Directory
Page 25
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Chapter 19: The Beginnings of Modernization:
Industrialization and Nationalism in the Nineteenth
Century
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Q1) What was the Second Industrial Revolution, and what effects did it have on economic and social life? What are the major similarities and differences between the First and Second Industrial Revolutions? How did industrialization influence social structures and the nature of urban life in Europe?
Q2) Westernizers and Slavophiles
Q3) James Watt
Q4) Triple Alliance
Q5) reconstruction of Paris
Q6) Sergei Witte
Q7) In Russia, reforms focused on industrialization and parliamentary institutions were advocated by which group?
A)Westernizers
B)Slavophiles
C)Black Hand Organization
D)The People's Will
E)Social Democrats
Q9) the industrial middle class/bourgeoisie Page 26
Q8) Emperor William 2 of Germany and Germany's "place in the sun"
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Page 27
Chapter 20: The Americas and Society and Culture in the West
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is not true?
A)Mendeleev classified all of the then-known elements on the basis of their atomic weights.
B)Technological development before 1700 depended heavily on scientific research.
C)Nineteenth-century scientific discoveries resulted from earlier technological advances.
D)Nineteenth-century scientific advancement helped to foster secularization.
E)The theory of organic evolution, based on natural selection, demonstrated materialism.
Q2) The basis of Latin American wealth, social prestige, and power throughout the nineteenth century was:
A)gold.
B)sugar cane.
C)cattle
D)land
E)heritage
Q3) Emilio Zapata
Q4) Dominion of Canada, 1867
Q5) Miguel Hidalgo
Page 28
Q6) Florence Nightingale and Clara Barton
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Chapter 21: The High Tide of Imperialism
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Q1) What are the differences in theories of assimilation versus association? Can the economic output of an area affect or predict the particular imperial philosophy? Explore three areas of Western entrenchment in the world for your answer.
Q2) Cape Colony
Q3) Berlin Conference, 1884
Q4) Afrikaners were black African opponents of the Dutch Boers in South Africa.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Alarmed at heightened European presence in Africa and exploitation of labor, some Africans began to call for what means to defend further encroachment?
A)Formation of nation-states along a Western model
B)Armed insurrectoin and expulsion.
C)Economic boycott and passive resistance.
D)Unionization of workers.
E)Conversion to Communism.
Q6) Was Western imperialism an inevitable result of the Industrial Revolution? Why or why not?
Q7) E. M. Forster
Q8) "might makes right"
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Chapter 22: Shadows Over the Pacific: East Asia Under Challenge
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Q1) The Progressive Party in the Meiji government favored which policy?
A)Rapid industrialization to propel agricultural reforms and land redistribution.
B)Distribution of power between the legislative and executive branches.
C)Installation of authority vested in parliament in true democracy.
D)Economic overhauls that granted control of the Japanese infrastructure to the daimyo corporations.
E)Socialism with a moderated figurehead monarchy.
Q2) Russo-Japanese War
Q3) Why was it that Japan, rather than other South Asian, Southeast Asian, or East Asian states, made the successful transition to a modern nation?
Q4) How did Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary activities of 1911 both succeed and fail? Why do some historians make the argument that 1911 was not a real revolution, per se, but simply the collapse of the old Manchu dynasty?
Q5) Qianlong
Q6) Hong Xiuquan and the "Heavenly Kingdom of Supreme Peace"
Q7) "three obediences"
Q8) Yuan Shikai
Q9) Sino-Japanese War
Page 31
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Chapter 23: The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution
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Q1) Treaty of Brest Litovsk
Q2) In a failed effort to open a Balkan front, in 1915 the British launched an attack on A)Belgium.
B)Constantinople.
C)Adrianople.
D)Gallipoli.
E)Sarajevo.
Q3) The Germans disliked the Versailles Treaty because A)it required them to give up Berlin and Bavaria.
B)they saw its "armistice clause" as an encroachment on their national sovereignty.
C)Article 231 said that Germany (and Austria) bore sole responsibility for starting the war. D)they were forced to join the League of Nations.
E)it guaranteed no more war.
Q4) Because of post-war economic growth, the great majority of women retained their jobs after World War I.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 24: Nationalism, Revolution, and Dictatorship: Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America From 1919 to 1939
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Q1) The Japanese term for the industrial and financial conglomerates that controlled much of the nation's industry was
A)autarkas.
B)kokutai.
C)genro.
D)zaibatsu.
E)modan boyu.
Q2) The first expression of modern nationalism in Burma came from students protesting anti-Buddhist practices by the British.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo
Q4) The New Culture Movement at Peking University
A)attempted to "Modernize China in Four Years."
B)advocated a return to the study of classical Confucian concepts.
C)rejected all Western thought.
D)advocated the study of science and democracy and "new" and largely Western ideas.
E)sought a balance between existential philosophy and Confucian values.
Q5) Tanizaki's Some Prefer Nettles
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Chapter 25: The Crisis Deepens: World War 2
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Q1) "totalitarian state"
Q2) What was the "Cold War," and was it inevitable? Why or why not?
Q3) Major German initiatives in moving toward control of Europe before 1939 included all of the following except the
A)occupation of the Rhineland in 1935.
B)German seizure of Libya in 1935.
C)two-stage takeover of Czechoslovakia in 1938 and 1939.
D)union with Austria.
E)formation of the Rome-Berlin Axis and the Anti-Comintern Pact.
Q4) the "Final Solution," the Holocaust, Auschwitz-Birkenau and Zyklon B
Q5) Franklin Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman
Q6) Why was Hitler delayed in his invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941?
A)He was preoccupied with negotiating a tripartite Axis agreement with Japan.
B)He waited to see if the United States was going to enter the war.
C)He was required to assist Mussolini in his botched invasion of Greece.
D)He met with unexpected resistance in Vichy France.
E)He sought to position German forces in Iran and engage the USSR from the West and South.
Q7) the Enabling Act
Q8) Einsatzgruppen
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Chapter 26: East and West in the Grip of the Cold War
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Q1) 1975 Helsinki Accords
Q2) Republic of Vietnam and Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Q3) What were the factors which led to the success of the Marshall Plan? Could such massive economic aid work equally well in other places and other times? Why or why not?
Q4) The first threat of a United States-Soviet Union confrontation after World War 2 took place in the Middle East over a possible Soviet threat to take over Iran's northern territories.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Khrushchev and "different roads to socialism"
Q6) Greek civil war
Q7) People's Liberation Army (PLA) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
Q8) Lyndon Johnson and the Vietnam War
Q9) Communist China sent Chinese troops to assist Ho Chi Minh and the Viet Cong in the Second Indochina War.
A)True
B)False
Q10) the Brezhnev Doctrine
Q11) Ho Chi Minh and the Vietminh Front Page 36
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Chapter 27: Brave New World: Communism on Trial
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Q1) "We will bury you"
Q2) A significant way in which China differed in implementing Communism from Russia was
A)Mao made a transition from agriculture to heavy industry over a gradual 25-year period.
B)New Democracy realized that time and indoctrination were needed to convince people this was the best way.
C)China had a longer-term tradition of university education that could be carried to the masses.
D)Rejecting the used of collectivized agriculture.
E)None of these.
Q3) In responding to recent social and political challenges, the Chinese Communist Party has, as an antidote, the philosophy of
A)Deng Xiaoping.
B)Marx and Lenin.
C)Mao Zedong.
D)Confucius.
E)Sun Yat-sen.
Q4) Lech Walesa and Solidarity
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Chapter 28: Europe and the Western Hemisphere Since 1945
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Q1) Jackson Pollock was a practitioner of A)Existentialism.
B)Absurdism.
C)Pop Art.
D)Abstract Expressionism.
E)Postmodernism.
Q2) All of the following are correct regarding the presidency of George W. Bush except
A)he raised taxes on the wealthy to balance the government budget.
B)he experienced very low approval ratings from the public.
C)he weakened environmental laws.
D)discontent with the war in Iraq reduced his popularity with the voters.
E)the Department of Homeland Security was established.
Q3) Marshal Tito and Yugoslavia
Q4) The leader of the successful revolution in Cuba in December 1958 was A)Pedro Ramos.
B)Fidel Castro.
C)Fulgencio Batista.
D)Ernesto Ché Guevara.
E)Juan Perón.
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Chapter 29: Challenges of Nation Building in Africa and the Middle East
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Q1) The following are true of the African National Congress except A)it was originally led by Western-inclined intellectuals who had little popular support.
B)it was initially aimed at achieving full equality for the educated native population through peaceful means.
C)its policies met with cooperative reactions from the white majority who held power.
D)in time, its policies became more prone to the use of violence to achieve its goals.
E)its original goal was to achieve economic and political reforms "within the system."
Q2) Iran has produced one of the most prominent national literatures in the contemporary Middle East.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Naguib Mahfouz's Cairo Trilogy
Q4) African Economic Community (AEC), 1991
Q5) the Taliban and Osama bin Laden
Q6) Persian Gulf and oil
Q7) Rwanda and Burundi and Hutus and Tutsis
Page 40
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Chapter 30: Toward the Pacific Century
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Q1) communalism
Q2) One of the exceptions to peaceful European decolonization in Southeast Asia after World War 2 was in
A)the Philippines.
B)Malaysia.
C)Vietnam
D)Burma
E)Indonesia
Q3) Philippines independence, July 1946
Q4) The controversial Indian writer who uses the technique of magical realism and who has angered Moslems is
A)Anita Desai.
B)Salmon Rushdie.
C)R.K.Narayan.
D)V.S.Naipaul.
E)E.M.Forster.
Q5) Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and A. B. Vajpayee
Q6) Republic of China (Taiwan)
Q7) Philippines' Ferdinand Marcos, Corazon Aquino, and Joseph Estrada
Q8) Kenzaburo Oe and the Nobel Prize for Literature
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