Foundations of the American Nation Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Foundations of the American Nation explores the historical, political, and intellectual roots of the United States from the colonial period through the early republic. The course examines key themes such as colonial settlement, the development of American institutions, the causes and consequences of the American Revolution, the creation of the Constitution, and the nation's evolving concept of liberty and democracy. Through primary source analysis and critical discussion, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of how diverse peoples, ideas, and events shaped the founding and early growth of the American nation.
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The Unfinished Nation A Concise History of the American People Volume I To 1877 5th Edition by
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Chapter 1: The Meeting of Cultures
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102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The early Spanish settlers were successful at establishing plantations, but not at finding gold or silver.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Owing to their commitment to Catholicism, male Spanish immigrants had very little sexual contact with Indian women.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q3) Cattle, sheep, and sugar were three New World products introduced to Europe. A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q4) On his first voyage to the New World, Columbus realized that he had not encountered China.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Transplantations and Borderland
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130 Verified Questions
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Q1) The Puritan founders in Massachusetts who described their colony as a "shining city upon a hill"
A)felt they were creating a holy community that would be a model for the world.
B)wanted to construct their community on high ground to save it from Indian attacks.
C)wanted to create a community that would be open to all peoples of all faiths.
D)sought to create a community in which all people were treated as equals.
E)wanted to differentiate their community from the materialism and acquisitiveness of New Haven.
Answer: A
Q2) The Glorious Revolution helped to solidify the Dominion of New England.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) James I of England may have believed in the divine right of kings, but he was not particularly harsh in his treatment of Puritans.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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4
Chapter 3: Society and Culture in Provincial America
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Sample Questions
Q1) Race was the only factor in determining whether a person was subject to the slave codes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The Church of England was the official faith in
A)New Jersey.
B)Massachusetts.
C)Virginia.
D)Connecticut.
E)all of the colonies.
Answer: C
Q3) Most blacks who came to the English colonies in North America came directly from Africa.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Benjamin Franklin's famous almanac was titled ___________________.
Answer: Poor Richard's Almanac
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Chapter 4: The Empire in Transition
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Sample Questions
Q1) The dramatic fall of ___________ marked the beginning of the end of the American phase of the Seven Years' War.
Q2) When George III assumed the throne of England, he
A)was considered to have a brilliant mind for politics.
B)was painfully immature.
C)faced a full rebellion in the colonies.
D)feared using the authority of his monarchy.
E)mandated official recognition of the Church of England in all colonies.
Q3) Taverns were important in the growth of revolutionary sentiment because
A)they were the only public places where one could legally speak without fear of arrest.
B)they become central meeting places to discuss ideas about resistance.
C)it was one of the few places where men and women gathered together to speak.
D)colonists increasingly resented the heavy British duties on alcohol.
E)All the answers are correct.
Q4) The Currency Act of 1764 gave the colonial legislatures the power to print paper money.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Virginian who took the lead in protesting the Stamp Act was ______________.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: The American Revolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the 1780s, most state governments
A)moved to limit popular power.
B)were notable for their stability.
C)found it difficult to revise their constitutions.
D)remained strongly elitist.
E)got rid of property requirements for voters.
Q2) Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government had the power to
A)regulate trade.
B)draft troops.
C)borrow and issue money.
D)levy direct taxes on the people.
E)override state laws.
Q3) For some African Americans, the Revolution meant an increased exposure to the concept of liberty.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Throughout the 1780s, the British government refused to send a diplomatic minister to America.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Constitution and the New Republic
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Q1) The so-called Great Compromise settled the difficult problem of _____________ at the Philadelphia convention.
Q2) In what ways was the Adams administration an expression of the Federalist philosophy? In what ways was it not?
Q3) The delegates who drafted the new Constitution were products of the American Revolution but had lost their fears of concentrated power.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Madison and Jefferson responded to the Alien and Sedition Acts by drafting the _____________________ Resolutions.
Q5) Hamilton's economic program had the general support of both manufacturing interests and small farmers.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The Virginia Plan called for a two-house legislature.
A)True
B)False
Q7) The Constitution's most distinctive feature was its ____________________.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: The Jeffersonian ERA
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the Second Great Awakening, the Indian revivalist Handsome Lake called for
A)the adoption by Indian tribes of white American culture.
B)an armed Indian rebellion against white American society.
C)the United States to live up to its broken treaties with Indian tribes.
D)the return of lands taken from Indian tribes by the United States.
E)the restoration of traditional Indian culture.
Q2) Jefferson's initial interest in the Louisiana Territory centered on the city of _____________.
Q3) The first modern factory in America was located in _________________.
Q4) The duel between Aaron Burr and Alexander Hamilton was the result of A)a business failure between them.
B)a dispute over a woman.
C)Hamilton's election as governor of New York.
D)Burr's belief that Hamilton had slandered him.
E)Burr's attempt to capture Mexico from the Spanish.
Q5) Eli Whitney's ___________ revolutionized the American South's economy.
Q6) In what ways was American nationalism strengthened in the early nineteenth century? In what ways was it challenged?
Q7) Tenskwatawa, otherwise known as _________, was a brother of __________.
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Chapter 8: Varieties of American Nationalism
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Q1) How did the United States government attempt to stimulate economic growth during the early nineteenth century?
Q2) Pre-Civil War explorers called the Great Plains the _______________________.
Q3) Francis Cabot Lowell's contribution to American textile mills included
A)the invention of the cotton spindle.
B)improving the power loom.
C)dramatically expanding the textile industry in the South.
D)improving the cotton gin.
E)organizing his workers by task into a primitive assembly line.
Q4) The Marshall Court strengthened the federal government at the expense of the states.
A)True B)False
Q5) What effect did the Marshall Court have on the legal status of Indian tribes?
Q6) The Marshall Court upheld the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States. A)True
B)False
Q7) The series of early presidents from the same state is called the
10
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Chapter 9: Jacksonian America
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1830, what political figure said, "The Union, next to our liberty most dear"?
A)Andrew Jackson
B)Robert Hayne
C)John C.Calhoun
D)Daniel Webster
E)Henry Clay
Q2) As president, Andrew Jackson believed the power of the federal government
A)should be reduced.
B)should be expanded.
C)was supreme over individual states.
D)should be expanded and was supreme over individual states.
E)should be reduced and yet was supreme over individual states.
Q3) Today, the oldest political party in the United States is
A)the Green Party.
B)the Socialist Party.
C)the Libertarian Party.
D)the Republican Party.
E)the Democratic Party.
Q4) Radical Jacksonians were known as __________________.
Q5) How did Andrew Jackson's ideals of democracy compare with Thomas Jefferson's?
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Americas Economic Revolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Corporate development was aided by laws permitting a system of ________________ for individual stockholders.
Q2) The great majority of pre-Civil War immigrants came from Ireland and England.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Before the 1830s, American corporations could be chartered only by
A)an act of Congress.
B)presidential executive order.
C)state legislatures.
D)a public vote.
E)a state governor.
Q4) Elias Howe's invention of the __________________ had an impact on both family life and the Civil War.
Q5) Between 1830 and 1860, what region of the nation experienced the most social upheaval? Explain.
Q6) The paternalistic nature of the Lowell factory system lasted through the Civil War. A)True B)False
Q7) Why did railroads become the key American industry in the nineteenth century?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Cotton, Slavery, and the Old South
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most often, resistance to slavery took the form of open rebellion.
A)True
B)False
Q2) James De Bow argued that the South should pursue agricultural development, while relying on the North for industrial goods and capital.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In the late 1850s, many of the great landholders of the lower South were
A)still first-generation settlers.
B)part of a wealthy leisure class.
C)from longstanding aristocratic families.
D)rooted to one plantation for many generations.
E)former Old World aristocrats emigrated from Europe.
Q4) Most enslaved black couples married with formal wedding vows.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Prior to 1860, the Southern aristocratic ideals were largely myths.
A)True
B)False
Q6) It is said that the South "grew, but it did not ____________."
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Chapter 12: Antebellum Culture and Reform
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Sample Questions
Q1) The transcendentalist movement
A)anticipated the environmental protection movement of the twentieth century.
B)understood the interconnectedness of species.
C)made the first scientific studies on behalf of preserving the natural environment.
D)All the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q2) The Hudson River School of painters emphasized in their work the importance of
A)democratic ideals.
B)the yeoman farmer.
C)natural beauty.
D)realism.
E)the Founding Fathers.
Q3) William Lloyd Garrison believed the abolitionist movement should
A)stress the damage that slavery did to blacks rather than to whites.
B)seek the gradual elimination of slavery.
C)demand freedom for slaves, but deny them citizenship.
D)organize slave rebellions throughout the American South.
E)join forces with the more established American Colonization Society.
Q4) Edgar Allan Poe's most famous poem was titled "________________."
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Chapter 13: The Impending Crisis
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Kansas-Nebraska Act helped create the Republican Party.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The ideology of Free-Soil included
A)opposition to the expansion of slavery.
B)a call to end slavery in the United States as soon as possible.
C)the use of military force to suppress slavery.
D)the argument that slavery was tremendously harmful to American blacks.
E)an argument for black male suffrage.
Q3) The political party that came into being largely in response to the Kansas-Nebraska Act was
A)the Republican Party.
B)the Know-Nothings.
C)the Populist Party.
D)the Abolitionist Party.
E)the Jayhawk Party.
Q4) Mexico City was captured in 1847 by General ___________________.
Q5) The Wilmot Proviso passed Congress but was vetoed by President Polk.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: The Civil War
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Sample Questions
Q1) Charles Sumner was a Radical Republican.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of Ulysses Grant and Robert E.Lee as military commanders.Answers will vary.
Q3) In the Confederacy, a military draft
A)was not considered necessary until the last months of the Civil War.
B)never allowed for the hiring of substitutes.
C)compelled slaves to serve as soldiers.
D)aroused opposition from poorer whites for its expensive substitute policy. E)forced all white males between the ages of eighteen and twenty-five to serve for three years.
Q4) Opinion about the war was more divided in the North than in the South. A)True
B)False
Q5) General McClellan was a great trainer of soldiers, but his excessive caution often exasperated Lincoln.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Why did 1863 prove to be such a pivotal year on the battlefield?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Reconstruction and the New South
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1868, Ulysses S.Grant
A)was nominated by both the Republican and Democratic Parties.
B)won a huge victory.
C)entered the White House with no political experience.
D)relied on many of his former military advisors to join his administration.
E)ran against Republican Reconstruction policies.
Q2) In 1865, Southern whites defined "freedom" as
A)the right to use federal assistance to recover from the Civil War.
B)controlling their future without Northern interference.
C)the right of Southern states to remain outside of the Union.
D)the removal of freed blacks from their states.
E)monetary compensation for lost slaves.
Q3) State laws designed to restore slavery in all but name in the post-Civil War South were called ____________.
Q4) In the 1890s, the black journalist Ida B.Wells devoted her writing to attacking
A)the legality of segregation.
B)the restrictions on black education.
C)the loss of black voting rights.
D)the crime of lynching.
E)the arguments of Booker T.Washington.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: The Conquest of the Far West
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Dawes Severalty Act sought the gradual elimination of most tribal ownership of land.
A)True
B)False
Q2) More than 300,000 Indians lived on the Pacific coast before the arrival of Spanish settlers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In what ways did the American West not conform to its popular image?
Q4) In the mid-nineteenth century, Hispanic society in the Southwest grew, despite the increasing Anglo-American settlement in that area.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Dawes Act of 1887
A)was intended to preserve traditional Indian culture.
B)denied United States citizenship to landowning Indian adults.
C)was viewed by the United States government as a plan to save the Indians.
D)ended the United States government's effort to assimilate Indian tribes.
E)reaffirmed tribal ownership of western lands in the face of white claims to it.
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Chapter 17: Industrial Supremacy
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Q1) In the late nineteenth century, proponents of the "self-made man" argued that the growing industrial economy was compatible with traditional American individualism.Agree or disagree?
Q2) The principal agent of industrial development in the late nineteenth century was the expansion of the _______________.
Q3) All of the following cities became important centers for steel production EXCEPT A)Pittsburgh.
B)Chicago.
C)Atlanta.
D)Birmingham.
E)Detroit.
Q4) In 1900, in regards to the work conditions in American factories,
A)workers generally controlled the pace of production.
B)laborers could expect to work at least sixty hours a week.
C)job security for industrial workers had significantly increased since 1865.
D)while safety conditions were poor, mechanization reduced the overall rate of accidents.
E)first-generation workers generally had little trouble adjusting to the nature of industrial labor.
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