Foundations of Special Education Test Questions
Course Introduction
Foundations of Special Education explores the historical, legal, and philosophical underpinnings of special education, focusing on the development of inclusive practices and the diverse needs of individuals with disabilities. This course examines key legislation such as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and their implications in educational settings. Students will gain an understanding of the categories of disabilities, the process of identification and assessment, and the roles of educators and families in supporting students with disabilities. Through case studies and contemporary research, the course emphasizes culturally responsive approaches, collaboration, and ethical considerations in providing equitable education and promoting the success of all learners.
Recommended Textbook
Exceptional Learners An Introduction to Special Education 12th Edition by Daniel P. Hallahan
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15 Chapters
1039 Verified Questions
1039 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Exceptionality and Special Education
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64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Mental retardation" is now called
A)intellectual disorder
B)disordered reasoning
C)intellectual and functional disability
D)intellectual disability
Answer: C
Q2) By federal law, an exceptional student is eligible for special education when
A)a teacher recommends it.
B)careful assessment indicates he or she is unable to make satisfactory progress in the regular school program.
C)a parent requests it.
D)a teacher has recorded observations of behavior and assessment of academic performance for at least two months.
Answer: B
Q3) Because of the widely accepted theory of normal development, quite a few definite statements can be made about exceptional learners.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Current Practices for Meeting the Needs of
Exceptional Learners
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When teachers provide choices of activities on a single topic that vary in difficulty, they are using
A)watered-down curriculum.
B)accommodations.
C)partial participation.
D)tiered assignments.
Answer: D
Q2) A student who performs or behaves poorly in school and appears likely to fail or fall short of his or her potential is
A)at risk.
B)disabled.
C)handicapped.
D)challenged.
Answer: A
Q3) In co-teaching,
A)students take turns assuming the role of teacher.
B)regular and special educators teach together in the same classroom.
C)regular and special educators provide in-service training for each other.
D)teachers and students take turns assuming the role of teacher.
Answer: B
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Multicultural and Bilingual Aspects of Special Education
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68 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the Focus on Concepts feature, the author suggests that a "common sense of urgency" should exist toward
A)helping children maximize potential with enrichment activities.
B)helping each child master grade-level curriculum.
C)exposing poor students to community cultural events.
D)exposing children to advanced concepts to raise interest levels.
Answer: A
Q2) An example of a disability with a highly organized subculture is A)mental retardation.
B)autism.
C)deafness.
D)blindness.
Answer: C
Q3) In the pursuit of equality and fairness, educational reformers are working toward all of the following EXCEPT
A)teaching tolerance and appreciation of difference.
B)finding ways to work without involving families who seem reluctant to help.
C)improving instruction of language-minority students.
D)adopting effective teaching practices.
Answer: B
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Parent and Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) Transitions between stages are difficult because
A)the next stage brings on overwhelming challenges.
B)parents aren't ready to give their child added independence.
C)increasingly fewer professionals become involved.
D)each new phase presents uncertainty to the family.
Q2) Parents of a child with a disability who are uninvolved with decision making at school probably are neglectful at home.
A)True
B)False
Q3) At older ages, when siblings are adults,
A)Men have more favorable attachments than women to their sibling with a disability.
B)Women have more favorable attachments than men to their sibling with a disability.
C)Adults of the same gender as their sibling with a disability have less favorable emotional responses.
D)Adults of the opposite gender of their sibling with a disability have more favorable emotional responses.
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6
Chapter 5: Learners With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe what is meant by the phrase, "intellectual disability is a socially constructed condition."
Q2) If a person achieves a low score on an IQ test, this means that his or her adaptive skills are below average.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Research has consistently shown that students who are positively reinforced for correct responses learn faster.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The most common known hereditary cause of intellectual disabilities is A)Fragile X syndrome.
B)Down syndrome.
C)Williams syndrome.
D)Prader-Willi syndrome.
Q5) Down syndrome is usually an inherited condition. A)True
B)False
Q6) Identify and describe three environmental causes of intellectual disabilities.
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Chapter 6: Learners With Learning Disabilities
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following problems best illustrates difficulty in metacognition?
A)Joelle reverses b and d.
B)Simon is always active and out of his seat.
C)Rita can't tell the difference between the spoken words think and thing.
D)Oscar neglects to slow down when reading a difficult passage.
Q2) Describe three explanations for the increase in the number of students identified as having learning disabilities in the last 20 years.
Q3) The most common testing accommodations for students with learning disabilities are
A)extended time and small group administration.
B)dividing assessment into multiple sessions and individual assessment.
C)having directions read aloud and group administration.
D)extended time and group administration.
Q4) Pragmatics is the study of
A)word order within sentences.
B)the sound structure of words.
C)the meaning of language.
D)language use in social settings.
Q5) Describe two reasons why defining learning disabilities has been so problematic.
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Chapter 7: Learners With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder
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Sample Questions
Q1) ADHD is not a separate special education category under IDEA.
A)True
B)False
Q2) All of the following are used to identify ADHD EXCEPT
A)a medical exam.
B)a clinician interviewing parents.
C)standardized assessment tests.
D)teacher-and parent-rating scales.
Q3) Explain why the terms "minimal brain injury" and "hyperactive child syndrome" have fallen out of favor.
Q4) An appropriate method for monitoring academic progress is A)momentary time sampling.
B)program monitoring
C)response-cost.
D)curriculum-based measurement.
Q5) Describe the four components used in the identification of ADHD.
Q6) The effect of Ritalin on persons with ADHD is the same as the effects on persons without ADHD
A)True
B)False Page 9
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Page 10
Chapter 8: Learners With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Despite problems in defining E/BD, most children with severe E/BD are easily recognized because
A)teachers are trained in the use of behavior rating scales.
B)systematic screening procedures are used in most schools.
C)their behavior attracts immediate attention.
D)most schools have psychologists on-site.
Q2) Discuss factors that need to be considered for the transition from school to work for an adolescent with E/BD.
Q3) What procedures are used to identify students with E/BD?
Q4) The authors of the textbook stress the importance of integrated services for students with E/BD. By this, they mean that
A)subject areas within the curriculum should not be taught in isolation from each other.
B)students with E/BD should be fully included in regular classrooms.
C)schools, families, and community agencies should cooperate to meet students' needs.
D)therapy should occur in school within the context of the student's academic program.
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Chapter 9: Learners With Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Autism has been a separate category under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)since 1990.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Kanner's research with a group of children he called "autistic" indicated that these children could be set apart from children with schizophrenia in each of the following ways EXCEPT
A)Children with schizophrenia withdrew from the world at some point, while children with autism had no social connections to begin with.
B)Children with autism exhibited unique language patterns, such as echolalia.
C)Children with schizophrenia exhibited bizarre, repetitive physical movement.
D)Children with schizophrenia tended to deteriorate in their functioning over time, while children with autism did not.
Q3) Each of the following is included within autism spectrum disorders EXCEPT
A)childhood disintegrative disorder.
B)pervasive developmental disorder.
C)Asperger syndrome.
D)Butler's disorder.
Q4) Why has autism been "fertile ground for faddish and unproven treatment methods?"
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Chapter 10: Learners With Communication Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Each of the following statements about classification of language disorders is true EXCEPT
A)A primary language disorder has no known cause.
B)About half the children whose language development is delayed at age 2 will gradually catch up developmentally.
C)More than half of the children who show language impairments in kindergarten will have obvious reading problems by second grade.
D)Difficulty in using language in social interactions and relationships is an exclusive feature of secondary language disorders.
Q2) The primary role of the classroom teacher is to facilitate development of which aspect of language?
A)phonology
B)semantics
C)pragmatics
D)morphology
Q3) What is the difference between a primary language disorder and a secondary language disorder?
Q4) Explain why communication does not require speech.
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Page 13
Chapter 11: Learners Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing
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70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among students who are deaf, those who achieve the highest levels of literacy tend to have
A)hearing parents who teach them how to speak.
B)parents who are deaf who teach them ASL.
C)brothers and sisters who are hearing.
D)parents who communicate with them using both ASL and speech.
Q2) From the physiological perspective, the distinction between "deaf" and "hard of hearing" is based on
A)decibels levels detected.
B)frequency of sounds detected.
C)location of hearing loss.
D)language ability.
Q3) Simon has a hearing loss that occurred when he was seven years old. His loss is best described as
A)conductive.
B)sensorineural.
C)congenital.
D)postlingual.
Q4) Identify and describe two factors that affect the social adjustment of individuals with hearing impairment.
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Chapter 12: Learners With Blindness or Low Vision
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Sample Questions
Q1) Professionals who work in early intervention programs for infants who are blind often recommend that initial efforts focus on
A)feeding skills.
B)mobility skills.
C)parents' feelings.
D)social development.
Q2) Clara has good vision for assignments written on the blackboard, but she has difficulty with the print in her textbook. She may have a refraction problem known as A)myopia.
B)hyperopia.
C)astigmatism.
D)glaucoma.
Q3) Most students who are blind receive the necessary training in daily living skills to live independently.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe two behavioral, two appearance, and two complaint signs that might indicate a student has a vision problem.
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Chapter 13: Learners With Low-Incidence, Multiple, and
Severe Disabilities
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many teachers don't want students with TBI in their classrooms, probably because A)the students may exhibit characteristics the teachers find troublesome.
B)there are no support services available to students with TBI in the regular classroom.
C)they do not want the other students exposed to the trauma of having a student with TBI in the room.
D)there are no effective strategies for behavior management of students with TBI.
Q2) Each of the following statements about early intervention is true EXCEPT
A)It is best to assume that all parents need to be educated about how to be better parents to avoid overlooking a likely problem.
B)Someone in the program, or immediately available, should speak the family's preferred language.
C)Professionals in related disciplines should work collaboratively, not independently.
D)Developmentally appropriate practices should be balanced with practices that are also chronologically age appropriate.
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16
Chapter 14: Learners With Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person who provides support for daily living skills and fine motor skills is a(n)
A)physical therapist.
B)occupational therapist.
C)adaptations specialist.
D)cognitive therapist.
Q2) All of the following are common causes of seizures EXCEPT A)lack of oxygen.
B)high blood sugar.
C)infections.
D)physical trauma.
Q3) Most physical disabilities, even if severe, do not in themselves prevent sexual gratification.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the procedures to be followed when a child has a seizure.
Q5) Although cerebral palsy is not contagious, it is progressive.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe four ways that many physical disabilities could be prevented.
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Chapter 15: Learners With Special Gifts and Talents
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Sample Questions
Q1) Claudia has an exceptional ability to separate relevant from irrelevant information and to relate new and old information in a novel and productive way. Claudia demonstrates which characteristic?
A)giftedness
B)insight
C)genius
D)creativity
Q2) Preschool children with special gifts and talents need the freedom to A)study with older children in specific areas.
B)develop social competence by remaining with age mates.
C)develop adaptive behavior.
D)develop pragmatic language skills.
Q3) Precocity refers to remarkably early development. A)True
B)False
Q4) Why is there so much emphasis on developing the talents of all students with less special attention to those who may be identified as gifted or talented? React to this situation: what are some pros and cons of this position (provide at least two "pros" and two "cons")?
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