Foundations of Special Education Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
This course offers a comprehensive introduction to the field of special education, exploring its historical foundations, legal frameworks, and key concepts. Students will examine the diverse categories of disabilities, characteristics of learners with exceptionalities, and evidence-based instructional strategies for inclusion in educational settings. Emphasis is placed on ethical considerations, cultural responsiveness, and collaboration among educators, families, and related service professionals to support the academic, social, and emotional development of students with special needs.
Recommended Textbook
Exceptional Children and Youth 5th Edition by Nancy Hunt
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14 Chapters
520 Verified Questions
520 Flashcards
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2
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Special Education
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The section of the IEP that describes how the student is currently doing in school is called
A) annual goals.
B) current performance.
C) participation with nondisabled children.
D) special education and related services.
Answer: B
Q2) Identify and briefly describe four major provisions of IDEA. What might special education look like today without these provisions?
Answer: Students can focus on any of the major IDEA provisions, including:
\(\bullet\) IEPs.
\(\bullet\) Least restrictive environment.
\(\bullet\) Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)
\(\bullet\) Zero Reject
\(\bullet\) Nondiscriminatory evaluation
\(\bullet\) Due process and procedural safeguards
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3
Chapter 2: The Special and General Education Relationship:
New Trends and Challenges
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following lawsuits addressed culturally biased testing of African American Students?
A) Larry P. v. Riles
B) Brown v. Board of Education
C) Rowley v. Board of Education
D) Diana v. Board of Education
Answer: A
Q2) The Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) program is designed
A) to help students teach each other mathematics knowledge and skills.
B) to help gifted students make curriculum modifications for students with learning disabilities.
C) to focus on reading instruction in general education classrooms.
D) to provide general and special education teachers with the strategies needed for co-teaching.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Risk Factors and Early Intervention
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fill in the missing word in this statement. "The weight of successful development in the early years falls most heavily on the child's ___________with primary adult caregivers."
A) conflicts
B) relationships
C) interactions
D) communication
Answer: B
Q2) Symptoms associated with fetal alcohol syndrome typically include tendencies toward all of the following EXCEPT
A) hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness.
B) altered facial features such as widely spaced eyes and upturned nose.
C) developmental delays in language and cognition.
D) abuse of alcohol when the infant reaches adolescence.
Answer: D
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5
Chapter 4: Families of Children With Disabilities
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Cho, Singer, and Brenner (2000) study of Korean-American mothers of children with disabilities
A) concluded that the mothers experienced a severe depression on learning that their child had a disability.
B) concluded that the mothers accepted their child's disability stoically.
C) described how the mothers blamed physicians for their child's disability.
D) concluded that the process of adjustment to disability was complex and included positive and negative emotions.
Q2) The expression "adjustment and acceptance" refers to
A) the ability of an ill child to adjust to the medical interventions associated with his or her condition.
B) parents' acceptance of the fact that their child should not be expected to progress to a notable degree.
C) parents' ability to let go of feelings of anger, guilt, and sadness over the disability of their child.
D) parents' constructive adaptation to a child's disability and development of realistic expectations.
Q3) Compare and contrast the terms family, household, and extended family.
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Chapter 5: Children With Learning Disabilities
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44 Verified Questions
44 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The definition of learning disabilities is controversial due to problems with
A) suspected under-identification of students with learning disabilities.
B) suspected over-identification of students with learning disabilities.
C) states' interpretation of the definition's criteria.
D) lack of clinical judgment used in the identification process.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT essential to the reading process?
A) Enjoying the reading process
B) Analyzing words
C) Comprehending what one reads
D) Metacognition
Q3) Describe what is meant by response to intervention (RTI) and outline the key components of this approach to assessment and instruction.
Q4) Word analysis skills typically include
A) metacomprehension of text.
B) ability to determine deep structure.
C) phonic analysis (that is, the ability to associate sounds with various letters).
D) object permanence.
Q5) What is reading fluency, and what is the nature of interventions to improve reading fluency?
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Chapter 6: Children With Intellectual Disabilities
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Approximately _____ percent of the school-age population is identified as having intellectual disabilities.
A) 3
B) 0.5
C) 1
D) 11
Q2) Which statement about valid assessment of individuals who may be diagnosed as having intellectual disabilities is correct?
A) Assessment is based solely on an intelligence test score, although the test may be repeated in some cases.
B) Assessment should consider cultural and linguistic diversity as well as local cultural expectations.
C) Children with specific adaptive limitations rarely have strengths in other areas.
D) Assessment is usually delayed until an individual finishes school or reaches age 21.
Q3) What effect do intellectual disabilities have on a student's ability to learn in a general education classroom?
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Chapter 7: Children With Severe Disabilities
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The criteria for the category "profound intellectual disabilities" include all of the following EXCEPT
A) a deficit in adaptive behavior.
B) deficits originating during the developmental period.
C) an IQ of 20 or below on an individualized cognitive abilities test.
D) parental history of severe disability.
Q2) Describe the philosophy of normalization. How has normalization affected current practices related to persons with severe disabilities?
Q3) Current applications of technology for individuals with severe disabilities include using CD-ROM technology to provide students with opportunities
A) to identify preferences in school or work activities.
B) to match appropriate clothing for the work environment.
C) to follow instruction for cooking dinner.
D) to watch movies during social gatherings.
Q4) Choose an important issue related to the education of individuals with severe disabilities, and write a brief overview of why this issue is important, using an example if possible.
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Chapter 8: Children With Behavior Disorders
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The dimension of behavior that refers to how often a behavior occurs is
A) rate.
B) intensity.
C) duration.
D) age-appropriateness.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a criterion for emotional disturbance?
A) A pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression
B) A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems
C) Aggressive behaviors toward oneself or others
D) Inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers or teachers
Q3) The overrepresentation of African-American children in classrooms for children with behavior disorders may be attributed to all of the following factors EXCEPT
A) cultural bias in behavior rating scales.
B) cultural and personal bias in referring students for testing.
C) confusion by teachers between culturally different behaviors and behavior disorders.
D) cultural differences among family members.
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10
Chapter 9: Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
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32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement about current views of the causes of autism is correct?
A) Autism is most likely caused by reactions to immunizations or early childhood infections.
B) Although many genes appear to be associated with autism, no clear causal relationship between a specific genetic abnormality and the occurrence of autism has been established.
C) Research indicates that the cause will be located in an area of the X chromosome.
D) Environmental factors, such as family configuration, are thought to be the primary cause.
Q2) Echolalia refers to the
A) repetition of animal noises.
B) repetition of the speech sounds a child has spontaneously uttered.
C) mimicking of environmental noises.
D) repetition of speech sounds the child has heard.
Q3) Explain the two primary challenges for families of young children exhibiting behaviors characteristic of autism.
Q4) Describe the typical patterns of learning, speech, and behavior in children with autism.
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11
Chapter 10: Children With Communication Disorders
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44 Verified Questions
44 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) It is important for teachers to be aware of the dialects used in their students' communities so they can
A) teach the students to avoid use of dialect.
B) refer students who use dialect to speech-language pathologists.
C) help parents understand the value of Standard English.
D) distinguish between a difference and a disability.
Q2) Classroom discourse refers to
A) the normal language routines of the classroom.
B) the amount of "teacher talk" in the classroom.
C) the opportunities students are given to speak in the classroom.
D) the amount of writing that students do in the classroom.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT an example of nonverbal communication?
A) Your dog scratches at the door to be let out.
B) Two friends glance at each other and smile.
C) A couple uses sign language on the subway.
D) A child with autism screams rather than coming into the classroom.
Q4) Describe instructional discourse strategies and discuss how they are used in classrooms.
Q5) What is a language impairment and how can it affect a student's school performance?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Children Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When teachers and parents are deciding whether a child with a hearing loss should be placed in an inclusive general education classroom, which of the following factors should NOT be considered?
A) Type and degree of hearing loss
B) Academic achievement level or ability
C) Communication skill
D) Personal or social adjustment
Q2) Which statement about the manual method of communication is correct?
A) It was originated by Gallaudet.
B) It consists of fingerspelling and signs for whole words.
C) It always follows the grammatical structure of the corresponding spoken language.
D) It was first formalized in the early 1900s in America.
Q3) A hearing loss that affects only one ear is referred to as
A) conductive loss.
B) sensorineural loss.
C) unilateral loss.
D) acquired loss.
Q4) What are some of the characteristics of early intervention with children who are deaf or hard of hearing?
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Chapter 12: Children Who Are Blind or Have Low Vision
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41 Verified Questions
41 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe concept development and explain its importance to teaching children with visual impairment.
Q2) How have technological advances facilitated learning for persons with visual impairments?
Q3) The most important factors in how a child with visual impairments develops are
A) opportunities to learn and the presence or absence of other disabilities.
B) the type of classroom model and reading materials chosen.
C) the child's learning style and whether it is a good fit with the teacher's classroom philosophy.
D) opportunities to practice activities of daily living and strong peer support.
Q4) Which statement about teaching a child to use Braille is correct?
A) Instruction should begin long before the child enters school.
B) Instruction is best done by a parent.
C) Instruction should not include activities associated with a traditional basal reading series.
D) Instruction in Braille is recommended only for students who cannot read print, not for those who are legally blind.
Q5) How might a visual impairment affect a child in one of the following areas: cognitive, physical, or language development?
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Chapter 13: Children With Physical Disabilities and Health
Impairments
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The disorder of metabolism that is caused by insufficient amounts of insulin in the body is called
A) juvenile diabetes.
B) anemia.
C) cystic fibrosis.
D) recessive gene disorder.
Q2) Many students with physical disabilities report that they still experience difficulty negotiating the physical school environment. Which of the following is NOT one of the problems they face?
A) Accessibility to play equipment, furniture, or educational equipment.
B) Uneven surface of floors and walls (carpeting, rugs, or uneven floor surfaces).
C) Heavy doors, narrow passageways, the height of lockers, types of locks, and inaccessible recreation equipment.
D) All of the above are problems.
Q3) How might cognitive abilities be influenced by a lack of mobility that accompanies a physical disability?
Q4) Describe the steps a teacher should take to integrate a student with physical disabilities into the classroom.
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Chapter 14: Children Who Are Gifted and Talented
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the most commonly used criteria for giftedness is A) overall physical size.
B) exceptional auditory skills.
C) advanced development.
D) creativity.
Q2) The textbook authors define intelligence as A) what the intelligence test measures.
B) the innate ability to make cognitive connections.
C) the capacity to acquire, process, and use information.
D) a construct that is not useful.
Q3) Gardner refers to deep self-knowledge and actualization as A) interpersonal intelligence.
B) intrapersonal intelligence.
C) bodily-kinesthetic intelligence.
D) spatial intelligence.
Q4) Describe the criteria that are used to qualify a student as talented or as gifted.
Q5) Briefly explain how views of giftedness have changed through history.
Q6) Compare the use of cluster grouping with cooperative learning, giving arguments for and against each.
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