Foundations of Sociology Test Preparation
Course Introduction
Foundations of Sociology introduces students to the systematic study of society, social institutions, and the complex relationships that shape human behavior. The course covers core concepts such as culture, socialization, group dynamics, institutions, inequality, and social change. Through analysis of classical and contemporary sociological theories, students develop a foundational understanding of how individual actions, collective behavior, and social structures interact to influence the world around us. This course also emphasizes critical thinking and equips students with the tools needed to analyze current social issues from a sociological perspective.
Recommended Textbook
SOC 4th edition by Nijole V. Benokraitis
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16 Chapters
1280 Verified Questions
1280 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Thinking Like a Sociologist
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/4997
Sample Questions
Q1) Is common sense subjective? Explain with an example.
Answer: Common sense is subjective.If a woman crashes into one's car, one might conclude, according to the conventional wisdom, statements that one heard over the years, that "all women are terrible drivers." In fact, most drivers involved in crashes are men-especially teenagers and those age 70 and older (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 2013).Thus, objective data show that, overall, men are worse drivers than women.Please see the section "What is Sociology?" for more information.
Q2) Unlike his predecessors and contemporaries, Marx maintained that:
A) social cohesiveness creates disunity.
B) harmony seldom leads to unity in real world.
C) capitalism leads to the downfall of economy.
D) economic issues produce divisiveness rather than social solidarity.
E) the Industrial revolution brought down social cohesiveness.
Answer: D
Q3) Sociology is subjective.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Examining Our Social World
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When people call into TV contest shows to vote, such as American Idol or Dancing with the Stars, they are an example of a(n):
A) convenience sample.
B) non probability sample.
C) non judgmental sample.
D) independent sample.
E) constant sample.
Answer: B
Q2) A(n) _____ refers to an abstract idea, mental image, or general notion that represents some aspect of the world.
A) concept
B) overgeneralization
C) myth
D) social policy
E) research method
Answer: A
Q3) Structured interviews use open-ended questions.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Culture
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following leads to the emergence of countercultures?
A) When people see their way of life as the best and the most natural
B) When people are part of the larger, dominant culture
C) When people believe that no culture is better than another and should be judged by its own standards
D) When people internalize cultural norms and values
E) When people believe they can't achieve their goals within the existing society
Answer: E
Q2) How do symbolic interactionists differ from functionalists and conflict theorists?
Answer: Unlike functionalists and conflict theorists, symbolic interactionists examine culture through micro lenses.They're most interested in understanding how people create, maintain, and modify culture.Interactionists study how culture influences our everyday lives.Micro approaches are useful in understanding what culture means to people and how these meanings differ across societies.However, symbolic interactionists don't offer a systematic framework that explains how people create and shape culture or develop shared meanings of reality.Please see the section "Sociological Perspectives on Culture" for more information.
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Socialization
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Blake and his two sisters grew up in a multigenerational household.This implies that they:
A) lived in the same house in which their ancestors had lived.
B) were brought up in a very strict, authoritarian environment.
C) were cared for by only one parent.
D) lived with their parents and grandparents.
E) would continue to live with their parents after marriage.
Q2) Adam's parents allow him two sleepovers a month at his friend's place on the condition that he puts in an extra hour of study every day.In terms of parenting styles, Adam's parents exhibit _____.
A) uninvolved parenting
B) permissive parenting
C) authoritative parenting
D) indulgent parenting
E) authoritarian parenting
Q3) Describe the two key points that support the argument that nature shapes behavior.
Q4) Explain the various opinions that arise from the nature-nurture debate.
Q5) Explain how play influences a child's development.
Q6) Explain the four types of parenting styles.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Social Interaction in Everyday Life
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a status that is relational or complementary?
A) A Latino having a male friend
B) An employee having a brother
C) A lawyer having a sister
D) A doctor having a patient
E) A child having a pet
Q2) A master status is usually not immediately apparent and makes no preliminary impression on a person's entire life.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is an effective way of minimizing role conflict and role strain?
A) Tackling everything at once
B) Desegregating roles
C) Taking on more roles at a time
D) Setting priorities
E) Acquiring more statuses
Q4) What is nonverbal communication? Discuss in detail.
Q5) Discuss the symbolic interactionist perspective on social interaction.
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Chapter 6: Social Groups, Organizations, and Social Institutions
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Travis, a drug addict, was ordered by the court to attend a rehabilitation program.He found it demanding and difficult to comply with the rules of the rehabilitation center.He was made to follow a strict 12-step program that aimed at a complete behavioral change.Travis's rehabilitation center is an example of a _____.
A) utilitarian organization
B) remunerative organization
C) coercive organization
D) voluntary organization
E) normative organization
Q2) Describe the three types of leaders as identified by classic studies.
Q3) The absence of laws that prohibit school vending machines from serving sugary snacks and beverages is a flaw in the _____.
A) family system
B) educational system
C) economical system
D) political system
E) health-research system
Q4) What are the five major social institutions?
Q5) Describe Stanley Milgram's experiment, and explain why it was criticized.
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Chapter 8: Social Stratification: United States and Global
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most lower-middle-class people use credit cards to pay off bills each month but then can barely pay the monthly minimum.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Stephen is a professor at a university.He tells his students that rich countries continue to stay rich because the rich control the economies of poor countries.He also states that they exploit the poor countries because their workers depend on external markets for jobs, and set prices for agricultural products exported by them, regardless of market values.Which of the following theories is Professor Stephen describing to his students?
A) Symbolic interaction theory
B) Feminist theory
C) Modernization theory
D) World-system theory
E) Functionalist theory
Q3) In a closed stratification system, movement from one social position to another is limited by ascribed statuses.
A)True
B)False
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Gender and Sexuality
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Men are more likely than women to be bisexual.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _____ are social structures that enable people's unequal access to wealth, power, status, prestige, opportunity, and other valued resources because of their sex.
A) Political action committees
B) Booster clubs
C) Gendered institutions
D) Total institutions
E) Virtual organizations
Q3) In the context of gender roles played by men and women, functionalists argue that men typically play a(n) _____ of economic provider.
A) communicative role
B) expressive role
C) submissive role
D) instrumental role
E) emotional role
Q4) Elaborate on gender pay gap.
Q5) Define gender.
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Chapter 10: Race and Ethnicity
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true of U.S.racial and ethnic diversity?
A) The number of Americans who identify themselves as being of two or more races is projected to decrease.
B) The foreign-born population in the United States is expected to shrink by 2050.
C) By 2025, more than 70 percent of the U.S.population is projected to be white.
D) The multiracial population in the United States is increasing.
E) The United States is the least multicultural country in the world.
Q2) Prejudiced discriminators are unwilling to defy laws to express their beliefs.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _____ was a formal system of racial segregation against black people in South Africa prevalent from the seventeenth century until 1994.
A) Pluralism
B) Acculturation
C) Apartheid
D) Self-fulfilling prophecy
E) Meritocracy
Q4) Explain a racial-ethnic group.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: The Economy and Politics
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a democracy, individuals participate in governmental decisions, and select leaders who are responsive to the wishes of the majority of the people.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Briefly describe totalitarianism.
Q3) A(n) _____ is a corporation that owns a collection of companies in different industries.
A) keiretsu
B) subsidiary
C) conglomerate
D) associate company
E) cohort
Q4) Which of the following statements is true of oligopolies?
A) They stifle competition.
B) They lower prices.
C) They are considered illegal.
D) They offer many product options.
E) They lead to a free market.
Q5) Define capitalism.List the characteristics of a capitalistic economy.
Q6) Discuss the two-party system in the U.S.
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Chapter 12: Families and Aging
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of social class?
A) One's social class is always higher than that of one's parents.
B) Social class affects all aspects of family life.
C) Social class is constant for an individual throughout life.
D) Only families with biological children have a social class.
E) Same-sex couples don't have a social class.
Q2) Social class for an individual is constant throughout his or her lifetime.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is preserved by arranged marriages?
A) Endogamy
B) Exogamy
C) Polyandry
D) Polygyny
E) Gynandry
Q4) Members of a family need to be in a committed relationship.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Outline the importance of procreation and socialization.
Q6) Discuss the various forms in which family conflict and violence occur.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Education and Religion
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the various factors which indicate that religion is flourishing in the U.S.
Q2) To increase a high school's prestige, superintendents and principals may pressure teachers to offer Advanced Placement (AP) courses and students to take them.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Marx viewed religion as a form of false consciousness, an acceptance of a system of beliefs that prevents people from protesting oppression.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How does education create and perpetuate social inequality? Support your answer with examples.
Q5) A cult is a subgroup within a religion that shares its name and traditions and is generally on good terms with the main group.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss the issues faced in postsecondary educational institutions.
Q7) Describe two manifest functions and two latent functions of education.
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Chapter 14: Health and Medicine
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the common criticisms faced by conflict theorists.
Q2) Philip argues that the medical system's main goal is to make profits and not to benefit people who need help.He says that medical care is not equally accessible to all individuals and that it benefits only certain groups of people.Philip's ideas represent the _____ perspective.
A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) constructivist
E) sexist
Q3) Explain how the advent of medical technology has increased health care costs.
Q4) Which of the following is true of illicit drug use?
A) It is most common among people aged 45 and over.
B) It is more common among preschoolers than sophomores.
C) It is prevalent among more than 30 percent of Americans.
D) It is more common among men than women.
E) It is least common among people aged 18 to 25 years.
Q5) Explain the consequences of excessive alcohol use.
Q6) How are lifestyle choices related to health, disease, and impairment? Why?
Q7) Explain drug-pricing in the United States.
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Chapter 15: Population, Urbanization, and the Environment
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is the rapid, unplanned, and uncontrolled spread of development into regions adjacent to cities.
A) Suburbanization
B) Urban sprawl
C) Gentrification
D) Deindustrialization
E) Leapfrogging
Q2) Benjie is studying the relation between certain atmospheric gases and the heating of the earth's atmosphere.He is studying about _____.
A) the greenhouse effect
B) clean energy effect
C) deforestation
D) greenwashing
E) solar flares
Q3) Discuss the causes of air pollution.
Q4) Describe the first stage of demographic transition theory.
Q5) The world adds almost 700,000 people each day.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Explain the effects of pollution on the ecosystem.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Social Change: Collective Behavior, Social Movements,
and Technology
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/5012
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements best describes alternative social movements?
A) They want to completely destroy the existing social order and replace it with a new one.
B) They focus on changing some people's attitudes or behavior in a specific way.
C) They are a big threat to the status quo as they propose a dramatic change for everyone.
D) They want to change everyone, but only in a specific way.
E) They try to preserve the status quo by blocking change or undoing change that has already occurred.
Q2) Analyze some of the ethical issues of technology.Illustrate your answer with examples.
Q3) A(n) _____ is a group of people, not necessarily in direct contact with each other, who are interested in a particular issue.
A) riot
B) crowd
C) mob
D) assembly
E) public
Q4) Critically evaluate the relative deprivation theory of social movement.
Page 18
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