Foundations of Psychology Test Preparation
Course Introduction
Foundations of Psychology provides an introduction to the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. The course covers core concepts and theories in areas such as biological psychology, sensation and perception, learning, memory, development, motivation, emotion, and personality. Students also explore the history of psychology, major research methods, and the application of psychological principles in everyday life. Through lectures, discussions, and practical examples, this course lays the groundwork for more advanced study in the field and helps students develop critical thinking skills relevant to understanding self and others.
Recommended Textbook
The Science of Psychology An Appreciative View 2nd Edition by Laura A. King
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17 Chapters
2124 Verified Questions
2124 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Science of Psychology
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20158
Sample Questions
Q1) Dr. Burrhus' treatment plan for Annette focuses on consistently providing rewards for doing things she wants to do more often, and removing rewards for doing things she wants to do less often. Dr. Burrhus adheres most closely to the ________ perspective.
A) cognitive
B) behavioral
C) psychodynamic
D) sociocultural
Answer: B
Q2) The polar bear's dominance in arctic regions is best explained by which perspective?
A) evolutionary
B) biological C) cognitive
D) socio-cultural
Answer: A
Q3) Describe the most common jobs or duties performed by a forensic psychologist. Answer: Discuss forensic psychologists' roles in the legal system, including jury selection and expert testimony.
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Psychologys Scientific Method
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If Professor Milton wants to examine the relationship between brain damage and intelligence levels, she will have to conduct a ________ study.
A) experimental
B) operational
C) correlational
D) observational
Answer: C
Q2) A history class has agreed to be the subjects of a research study. Half of the class has been asked to study for the next test while listening to classical music. The remaining students will study in a silent environment. The test scores of the two groups will be compared. Which of the following is the dependent variable?
A) classical music
B) silent environment
C) reading speed
D) test scores
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Biological Foundations of Behavior
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20160
Sample Questions
Q1) Walter has a degenerative condition that eats away at his myelin sheath. We can expect that his cognitive abilities will
A) remain the same.
B) increase significantly in proficiency.
C) increase slightly in proficiency and then decrease significantly in proficiency.
D) decrease in proficiency.
Answer: D
Q2) The medulla helps to regulate our reflexes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The area of the cerebral cortex which controls voluntary muscle movement is the A) motor cortex.
B) sensory cortex.
C) limbic system.
D) association cortex.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gestalt psychologists emphasize that
A) perception is the same as sensation.
B) we learn to perceive the world through experience.
C) the whole is more than the sum of its parts.
D) sensation has no effect on perception.
Q2) The purpose of parallel processing is to
A) allow sensory information to travel rapidly through the brain.
B) allow rods and cones to function simultaneously.
C) prevent the misinterpretation of colors.
D) use binocular cues to perceive depth.
Q3) Afterimages refer to
A) seeing two of everything.
B) the sensation left over after an image is removed.
C) the blue-green paradox.
D) seeing the same image twice.
Q4) The purpose of semicircular canals in the inner ear is to
A) protect the ear from damage.
B) detect high-frequency sounds.
C) detect low-frequency sounds.
D) detect head motion.
6
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Chapter 5: States of Conciousness
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125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The concept of "theory of mind" is best described as
A) thinking about thinking.
B) an understanding that everyone thinks, feels, perceives, and has private experiences.
C) one's misinterpretation of subconscious thoughts.
D) the principles that govern controlled processing.
Q2) What represents the most alert state of human consciousness?
A) controlled processes
B) automatic processes
C) altered state of consciousness
D) subconscious awareness
Q3) Jake vividly remembered what scared him during sleep so he must have experienced a night terror.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Nightmares are to ________ as night terrors are to ________.
A) REM sleep; Stage 4 sleep
B) Delta waves; alpha waves
C) Stage 4 sleep; Stage 1 sleep
D) Stage 1 sleep; REM sleep
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Chapter 6: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Behavior modification can be used to enhance self-control.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Predictability lessens stress.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A reinforcer that is innately satisfying and does not require any learning to be perceived of as pleasurable is referred to as a(n) ________ reinforcer.
A) primary
B) secondary
C) conditioned
D) unconditioned
Q4) Little Joseph is afraid of the nurse who gave him a shot. When another nurse walks into the room, he begins crying as well. He is exhibiting
A) negative reinforcement.
B) aversive conditioning.
C) generalization.
D) discrimination.
Q5) Contrast latent learning and insight learning.
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Chapter 7: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fifteen-year old Matt and his father are in an electronics store looking at video game systems. Matt gives his father a complete breakdown of the pros and cons of each of the different video game systems on display. Matt is able to accurately recall all of these details because he has
A) deeply processed this information.
B) shallowly processed this information.
C) processed this information at an intermediate level.
D) utilized phonological encoding.
Q2) You and your roommate are both taking Spanish this semester. You are getting an "A" in the course but your roommate is getting a "C." According to research by Harry Bahrick, fifty years from now
A) you will remember your Spanish vocabulary better than your roommate.
B) neither you nor your roommate will remember any Spanish words at all.
C) your roommate will remember more Spanish vocabulary than you will.
D) you and your roommate will both remember a few Spanish words.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a study tip that focuses on the encoding process?
A) pay attention
B) elaborate on points to remember
C) test yourself
D) use imagery
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Chapter 8: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Approaches that attempt to explain observable behavior by investigating mental processes fall under ________ psychology.
A) psychoanalytic
B) behavioral
C) cognitive
D) biological
Q2) After reading the section of the textbook on concepts, Mary Jo comes to the conclusion that
A) concepts are a form of cognitive efficiency and economy.
B) concepts are the way people communicate with each other.
C) concepts are abstract and have few practical applications.
D) concepts are the reason that there are linguistic differences between ethnic groups.
Q3) Dr. Ambrose feels that a particular intelligence test is probably culturally biased. Which of the following test questions would concern Dr. Ambrose the most?
A) Why do we need rain?
B) In which month of the year is the Super Bowl played?
C) What do we see in the sky at night?
D) In what way are balloons and airplanes the same?
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Chapter 9: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) If children cannot grasp the concept of conservation, they are unable to A) deal with the discipline of toilet training.
B) see things from the point of view of another person.
C) recognize that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape.
D) retain earlier schemas when confronted with new experiences.
Q2) At the postconventional level, behaviors are based on the threat of punishment. A)True
B)False
Q3) Jill's parents set very few limits or boundaries for her. They use a(n) ________ parenting style.
A) authoritarian
B) authoritative C) neglectful
D) permissive
Q4) The main class of male sex hormones is A) estrogens.
B) androgens.
C) estradiol.
D) cortisol.
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Chapter 10: Motivation and Emotion
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20167
Sample Questions
Q1) ________ antagonists have been used to treat obesity.
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Acetylcholine
D) Norepinephrine
Q2) Discuss the psychological factors that contribute to obesity.
Q3) According to the two-factor theory, if Shelby wants her boyfriend to find her more attractive, she should approach him after A) dinner.
B) the ball game.
C) bungi jumping.
D) class.
Q4) Which of the following definitions best describes the meaning of the term "autonomy"?
A) the sense that you can gain skills and overcome obstacles
B) being independent and self-reliant
C) the need to engage in warm relations with other people
D) the belief that you have the competence to accomplish a given goal or task
Q5) Can the expression on your face produce the emotion which you would like to experience? Explain.
12
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Chapter 11: Gender, Sex, and Sexuality
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The 2D:4D ratio refers to
A) brain size.
B) finger length.
C) testosterone levels.
D) hemispheric symmetry.
Q2) The ________ phase of human sexual response begins the process of erotic responsiveness.
A) refractory
B) plateau
C) orgasm
D) excitement
Q3) Jack and Jill have been kissing on the couch for several minutes. Jack feels his penis begin to enlarge. He is experiencing the ________ phase of the sexual response pattern.
A) orgasm
B) plateau
C) excitement
D) resolution
Q4) Define the terms "sex" and "gender" and explain how these two concepts differ.
Q5) Clark has been diagnosed with gender identity disorder. What does this mean?
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Chapter 12: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) DeShawn graduated from college with honors and approaches most aspects of life with the expectation that he will be successful. He expects a great deal of himself and sets his goals high. After his interview for a job in the most prestigious company in his state, he was convinced that he would get the job. You could say that he
A) has learned external control.
B) displays a cardinal trait.
C) has a strong tendency to be conceited.
D) has high self-efficacy.
Q2) According to humanistic theory, a child who receives ________ from her parents is likely to avoid the problems associated with ________.
A) unconditional positive regard; ego dominance
B) conditions of worth; positive self-regard needs
C) consistent discipline; ego dominance
D) unconditional positive regard; conditions of worth
Q3) Adler focused on ________ psychology.
A) social
B) behavioral
C) individual
D) humanistic
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Social Psychology
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Egoism refers to helping another person because it directly or indirectly benefits the helper.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Juanita has returned home after being away for several years. When she sees her father, whom she thought she disliked, she hugs him and cries. Based on her reaction, she determines that she must like him more than she thought. This is most consistent with the ________ theory of attitudes.
A) normal social influence
B) social learning
C) self-perception
D) social facilitation
Q3) When compared with adolescents who do not play violent video games, adolescents who do play these games are
A) more likely to engage in delinquent acts.
B) more sensitive to real-life violence.
C) less likely to engage in aggressive behaviors.
D) more likely to be sensitive to the feelings of others.
Q4) Discuss the relationship between gender and altruism.
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Chapter 14: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
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125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) "I don't need fancy tests or inventories; I can read people like books." This statement from an interviewer reflects
A) normative commitment.
B) idealized influence.
C) organizational citizenship behavior.
D) interviewer illusion.
Q2) Lawrence receives perfect ratings in all categories from his supervisor. This could be the result of
A) organizational citizenship.
B) the halo effect.
C) bias.
D) All of these.
Q3) Which of the big five personality traits is NOT associated with being a leader?
A) high extraversion
B) high conscientiousness
C) low neuroticism
D) low agreeableness
Q4) Leadership is a social process.
A)True
B)False
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the name of the manual that psychologists use to classify mental disorders?
A) WAIS
B) NEO-R
C) DSM-IV-TR
D) APA
Q2) Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that causes many individuals suffering from schizophrenia to stop taking their medications?
A) cost
B) they feel better
C) unpleasant side-effects
D) they do not realize their thoughts are disordered
Q3) Psychopaths tend to show more prefrontal activation than normal individuals.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe antisocial personality disorder and list four of the criteria used to make this diagnosis.
Q5) Julia has been diagnosed with major depression disorder. What symptoms is she likely exhibiting?
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Chapter 16: Therapies
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Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20173
Sample Questions
Q1) Mary has been working with a therapist because she has felt very confused and unsure about herself for the past few years. Mary's therapist tends to be very non-directive and devotes a great deal of the session to allowing Mary to explore her identity, wants, and dreams for the future. The therapist rarely gives direct advice and instead is primarily interested in helping Mary clarify her own ideas and feelings. Mary's therapist is most likely associated with the ________ perspective of psychotherapy.
A) cognitive
B) behavioral
C) humanistic
D) psychoanalytic
Q2) After several months in psychoanalysis, Ryan had an emotional outburst during which he cried and sobbed as he talked about a childhood experience. Freud termed this emotional release A) transference.
B) catharsis.
C) regression.
D) reflection.
Q3) Describe the philosophy of psychoanalytic therapy.
Q4) Describe the technique of free association.
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Chapter 17: Health Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Outline the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome. What is a weakness of this model?
Q2) Betty wants to lose weight. She has a positive attitude and feels that her friends, family and co-workers are supportive. The theory of reasoned action suggests that effective change requires these factors, and also requires individuals to have nonspecific intentions about their behaviors.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Ryan is sad because his girlfriend just broke up with him. Ryan's father assures him that he has lots of desirable traits and that he will be okay. Ryan's father is primarily providing what kind of social support?
A) tangible assistance
B) information
C) emotional support
D) All of these.
Q4) Varencline is used to treat individuals suffering from alcoholism.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the three benefits associated with social support.
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