Foundations of Nursing Exam Review
Course Introduction
Foundations of Nursing introduces students to the essential principles, concepts, and skills necessary for entry into the nursing profession. This course covers the history and evolution of nursing, the nursing process, patient-centered care, ethical and legal considerations, and the roles of the nurse within the healthcare team. Emphasis is placed on developing critical thinking, effective communication, and basic clinical competencies required to provide safe and holistic care to individuals and families across the lifespan. Through a combination of theoretical instruction and hands-on practice, students begin to build the knowledge and attitudes fundamental for professional nursing practice.
Recommended Textbook
Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing 3rd Canadian Edition by Margaret Burkhardt
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19 Chapters
317 Verified Questions
317 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2297 Page 2
Chapter 1: Social, Philosophical, and Other Historical Forces
Influencing the Development of Nursing
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45639
Sample Questions
Q1) What historical influences affected nursing as a moral discipline?
A)technology
B)society
C)spirituality
D)oppression
Answer: C
Q2) What is the term that relates to knowledge gained through observation and experience?
A)empirical
B)Cartesian philosophy
C)values
D)moral thought
Answer: A
Q3) When was the "Dark Period of Nursing," when convalescent patients, prostitutes, prisoners, and drunkards provided hospital nursing care?
A)during the Reformation
B)during the Crusades
C)during the Middle Ages
D)during the early Christian era
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Ethical Theory
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45640
Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of moral theory, rigidly applied, would most likely lead a person to consider euthanasia morally wrong, even when it is done to end the pain and suffering of a patient?
A)deontology
B)virtue ethics
C)naturalism
D)utilitarianism
Answer: A
Q2) During a healthcare team meeting, the physician asks the other members of the team for their input on how best to care for a particular patient, rather than dictating a prescribed plan of care. What ethical theory does this situation best exemplify?
A)feminist ethics
B)relational ethics
C)hierarchy ethics
D)virtue ethics
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Ethical Principles
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45641
Sample Questions
Q1) In which of the following situations is the nurse applying the principles of the CNA Code of Ethics?
A)The nurse maintains confidentiality of a stabbing victim who is a suspected gang member.
B)The nurse carries out mandatory testing of pregnant women for sexually transmitted diseases.
C)The nurse keeps information confidential when a patient shares that he wants to kill himself.
D)The nurse reports suspected abuse of a child and illegal activity of the parents to the police.
Answer: D
Q2) The emergency room team decides that the most critically ill patient will be treated first. Which of the following ethical principles is illustrated by the decision-making process in this case?
A)respect for persons
B)justice
C)beneficence
D)autonomy
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Values Clarification
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In what way can keeping a journal or diary of experiences in work situations be a useful tool for a nurse?
A)to develop awareness and gain insight into personal values
B)to identify negative actions and interpretations that need to be reinforced
C)to identify challenging situations and apply alternative responses
D)to develop and monitor professional reactions in situations
Q2) How can values best be defined?
A)as principles of right or wrong
B)as ideals, beliefs, customs, and modes of conduct
C)as self-knowledge and the willingness to express that awareness
D)as reflections upon and evaluations of one's own experiences
Q3) When the values of the nurse and those of the institution are different, which of the following will the nurse likely experience?
A)incongruence with personal values
B)judgment of values being imposed
C)divergence of moral beliefs and restraints
D)commitment to develop more awareness
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Chapter 5: Values Development
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45643
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Kohlberg and Gilligan, which of the following is the final stage in an adult's values development?
A)universal consideration
B)renewed perspective
C)perceived authority
D)general consensus
Q2) What is another term that can be used interchangeably with "human values development"?
A)moral development
B)faith development
C)ethical values
D)formal operations development
Q3) What are the key factors associated with Gilligan's theory?
A)relationships and caring
B)responsibility and logic
C)personal liberty and rights
D)reciprocity and equality
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Chapter 6: Ethical Decision Making
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45644
Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an example of a nurse demonstrating moral resilience?
A)A neonatal nurse who believes in the sanctity of life supports the parents' decision not to discontinue feeding their newborn with congenital anomalies.
B)A home visiting nurse advocates for the palliative patient's right to die at home despite the push from other members of the team for the patient to be hospitalized and have further treatment.
C)An ICU nurse increasingly removes himself from discussions regarding ending life support treatment.
D)An obstetrical nurse supports her patient's religious based decision to not have a lifesaving blood transfusion despite the criticism from her colleagues that the patient is making the wrong choice.
Q2) Which would be considered as part of the "Identify Options" stage of the ethical decision-making process?
A)questioning if the original ethical problem has been resolved
B)checking in with yourself and your moral barometer
C)determining which factors are morally significant
D)identifying whose decision this is to make
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Chapter 7: Legal Issues
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45645
Sample Questions
Q1) What system of binding rules governs the behaviour of people in their relationships with others and with the government?
A)ethics
B)laws
C)morals
D)intentional tort
Q2) Which of the following terms is best defined as "acting in a heinous, reckless, or extreme way, and bringing about mental or psychological pain"?
A)defamation of character
B)intentional infliction of emotional distress
C)invasion of privacy
D)false imprisonment
Q3) Which of the following legal terms applies to speaking harmful and defamatory words?
A)slander
B)libel
C)false imprisonment
D)gossiping
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9
Chapter 8: Professional Issues
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Each Provincial College of Nursing has the power and responsibility to discipline nurses. What is this an example of?
A)unity
B)accountability
C)authority
D)responsibility
Q2) Which statement best reflects the professional attribute of autonomy for nurses?
A)an examination for licensure is done following the meeting of nursing educational requirements
B)the title of "Registered Nurse" and "Nurse" is protected
C)the establishment of a unique body of knowledge and research for nursing
D)the nurse alone is responsible and answerable for their actions
Q3) Which of the following traits did Flexner include in his list of criteria to identify professions?
A)They acknowledge other kinds of influences.
B)They are motivated by altruism.
C)They include ethical codes.
D)They describe a scope of practice.
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10
Chapter 9: Professional Relationship Issues
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse chooses to go without lunch so that a patient can be taken outside to get a newspaper and a strong cup of coffee. Which of the following terms best applies to this situation?
A)self-sacrifice
B)beneficence
C)non-maleficence
D)obligation
Q2) Which of the following is characteristic of workplace incivility?
A)acknowledgement of diverse opinions
B)recognizing adversity
C)maintaining moral integrity
D)demeaning treatment of patients
Q3) A staff nurse suspects that her friend, another nurse on her unit, is impaired by illicit drugs. The nurse does not want to get her friend in trouble, but she fears that patients may be harmed. What is this conflict of loyalties an example of?
A)a moral dilemma
B)a practical dilemma
C)moral uncertainty
D)moral distress
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Practice Issues Related to End Of Life Care
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How can withholding or removing treatments where the burden or harm to the person is determined to outweigh the benefits be viewed?
A)as allowing the person to die as a result of the natural progression of the disease process
B)as causing the painless death of the person in order to end or prevent more suffering
C)as providing the person the means to end his or her own life when he or she is ready to die
D)as following the directives to avoid suffering included in do not resuscitate orders
Q2) What is the term for instructions designating someone to act as a surrogate in a very specific context if one loses decision-making capacity?
A)guardian ad litem
B)advance directives
C)self-determination D)do not resuscitate
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Chapter 11: Practice Issues Related to Patient
Self-Determination
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45649
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following elements must be included in an informed consent?
A)description of common practices of the healthcare institute
B)needs and expectations of the patient
C)description of the health concern
D)verification of understanding
Q2) Which of the following elements must be present when evaluating a patient's decision-making capacity?
A)the ability to determine a positive outcome
B)the ability to communicate understanding
C)the ability to behave in an ethical manner
D)the ability to understand medical terminology
Q3) Which source document acknowledges the importance of living wills by clearly identifying, promoting, and respecting informed decision making?
A)Substitute Decision Maker Proxy
B)Code of Ethics
C)Lifestyle Choices Policy
D)Advance Directives Act
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Scholarship Issues
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45650
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term for recruiting participants for a study by offering them a sizeable amount of money, travel expense allowances, and reimbursement of medical fees?
A)full disclosure
B)coercion
C)right to fair treatment
D)compensation
Q2) Which of the following characteristics may a nurse experience when participating in conducting research?
A)academic dishonesty
B)personal bias
C)misrepresentation
D)role conflict
Q3) Whose integrity and honesty are of the utmost importance in the ethical treatment of data?
A)statistician
B)participants
C)researcher
D)data collector
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Chapter 13: The Future of Canadian Health Care:
Challenges and Priorities
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45651
Sample Questions
Q1) Which report emphasized that the determinants of health did not simply exist within the health care system but also in other sectors?
A)Canadian Health Report
B)Tommy Douglas Health Report
C)Quinquennial Report
D)Lalonde Report
Q2) What health care changes evolved in the latter part of the nineteenth century in Canada?
A)public health
B)interprofessional care
C)immigrant health
D)curative programs
Q3) Which of the following is an example of the federal responsibility for health care?
A)evaluating physician and hospital care
B)delivering direct health care services to incarcerated persons
C)delivering and managing insured health services
D)managing some public health and prescription care
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Health Policy Issues
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45652
Sample Questions
Q1) A student nurse speaks to a Member of Parliament about hospitals, saying they need to set unit-by-unit staffing levels based upon patient acuity and individual hospital unit characteristics to promote better patient outcomes. What is this an example of?
A)lobbying
B)statutes
C)policy modification
D)regulations
Q2) The nurses in the local hospital emergency room are becoming frustrated by the longer and longer wait times experienced by the patients. They have spoken to the unit manager, who tells them that unfortunately because of budget constraints there can be no movement to increase staffing. The nurses feel defeated and accept the situation. What is one possible contributing factor to the nurses' inability to move this issue forward?
A)They are overworked and therefore have no time or energy to take this issue further.
B)They feel powerless to move this issue forward in their institution.
C)Their education may not have properly provided them with the tools to become politically active.
D)There is no support higher in the institution willing to help the nurses.
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Chapter 15: Economic Issues
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45653
Sample Questions
Q1) An elderly patient who suffered a knee injury following a fall and who has severe degenerative disease in her knee is denied an arthroscopy. The orthopedic surgeon does not feel, given her age and severity of disease, that the procedure will help. What is this an example of?
A)a judgement based on age
B)a judgement based on severity of injury
C)a judgement based the availability of services
D)a judgement based on usefulness of therapy
Q2) Which ethical theories of justice are based on the concept that it is good to maximize the greatest good for the greatest number of people?
A)libertarian theories
B)utilitarian theories
C)deontological theories
D)communitarian theories
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17
Chapter 16: Social Issues
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45654
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient returned to the hospital for the fourth time in less than a week complaining of diabetes-related complications. Talk begins at the nurses' station regarding whether the patient should receive treatment, since it is his fault because he has never filled the prescription given to him for his diabetes. What is the term for the nurses' behaviour?
A)racism
B)language of violence
C)victim blaming
D)non-maleficence
Q2) Which factor contributes to a domestic violence victim returning to their abusive partner several times before permanently terminating the relationship?
A)poor support from the criminal justice system
B)poor health
C)health care system minimizing the abuse
D)victims being uninformed about violence
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18
Chapter 17: Issues of Gender and Culture
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45655
Sample Questions
Q1) According to recent statistics, on average, what does a woman get paid compared to a man in a similar position?
A)80 percent as much
B)70 percent as much
C)60 percent as much
D)50 percent as much
Q2) Which of the following governs employment equity and equal pay for equal work as a right protected in provinces across Canada?
A)Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
B)Equal Wages Guidelines
C)Pay Gap Act
D)Fair-Labour Legislation
Q3) Which of the following is a male patient making the statement that "nurses are well-bred, well-educated specimens of womanhood" an example of?
A)sexism
B)paternalism
C)nursism
D)parentalism
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19
Chapter 18: Rural, Remote, and Indigenous Nursing in Canada
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45656
Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse in a small rural hospital is out grocery shopping and is asked the following in the check-out lane: "How is Sarah doing? Was the operation successful?" Which of the following statements must the nurse be aware of when working in a rural community?
A)Talking about patients to members in a small community is a cultural norm.
B)The confidentiality of patients' information must be protected.
C)Being fully embedded as a nurse in a small community involves discussing all patients.
D)Providing holistic nursing care in a rural setting implies overlap of a nurses' role with patients.
Q2) Which of the following best defines Indigenous nursing?
A)nurses working in outpost settings and northern territories
B)nurses with specialized knowledge, affirmed by a faith community
C)Indigenous persons who work as nurses
D)nurses who work in Indigenous communities
Q3) What is the percentage of Canadians defined as living in a rural environment?
A)between 10 and 20 percent
B)between 20 and 30 percent
C)between 30 and 40 percent
D)between 40 and 50 percent
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Chapter 19: Empowerment for Nurses
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45657
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient tells you that the more he exercises and the healthier he eats, the healthier he gets. What is he demonstrating?
A)internal locus of control
B)external locus of control
C)negative locus of control
D)positive locus of control
Q2) A patient tells you that he cannot lose weight because his job keeps him on the road so he cannot exercise, and his wife fixes too many high-calorie meals. What is he demonstrating?
A)internal locus of control
B)external locus of control
C)negative locus of control
D)positive locus of control
Q3) What should be thoroughly explored before engaging in whistle-blowing by nurses?
A)how many nurses agree and will stand by the issue
B)how long the problem has been going on
C)if speaking out is likely to effect change
D)which leaders can be counted on for support
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