Foundations of Health Behavior Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Foundations of Health Behavior introduces students to the core theories, principles, and determinants that shape individual and community health behaviors. The course explores a variety of models used to understand why people make health-related choices, such as the Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, and Social Cognitive Theory. Students examine the psychological, social, cultural, and environmental factors that influence behaviors related to health promotion and disease prevention. Through case studies and practical applications, the course prepares students to critically assess and apply behavior change strategies in diverse settings, laying the groundwork for future work in public health, health education, and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Health Psychology An Introduction to Behavior and Health 8th Edition by Linda Brannon
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Chapter 1: Introducing Health Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The work of health psychologists is similar to other psychologists because it includes A) counseling people with personal problems.
B) conducting research on personality and health habits.
C) assessment, research, and provision of services.
D) working in health care settings.
Answer: C
Q2) African Americans have a higher death rate than European Americans. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Currently,the leading cause of death in the United States is cancer.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Death rates in the United States from both heart disease and cancer are declining. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Conducting Health Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) A correlation of .80 would indicate a _______ and __________ relationship between two variables.
A) strong; positive
B) strong; negative
C) weak; positive
D) weak; negative
Answer: A
Q2) The nocebo effect occurs when
A) participants in a placebo study experience a negative effect.
B) participants in a placebo study experience a positive effect.
C) experimenters use a double-blind study.
D) experimenters use the case-control method.
Answer: A
Q3) The results of a meta-analysis allow researchers to determine one type of information that other statistical analyses do not,which is
A) the statistical significance of the effect.
B) the correlation between variables.
C) the size of the effect.
D) the main effects and interactions of variables.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Seeking and Receiving Health Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these statements expresses a healthy attitude toward seeking medical care?
A) "I believe that if I feel well, I'm healthy."
B) "Only severe symptoms of a disease are worth worrying about."
C) "When I don't understand my doctor's explanations or instructions, I'll ask questions until I do understand."
D) "When facing a stressful medical procedure, I try not to think about it."
Answer: C
Q2) According to David Mechanic,which of these symptom characteristics is LEAST likely to determine people's response to illness?
A) cost of treatment and hospitalization
B) perceived severity of the illness
C) visibility of the symptoms
D) the extent to which the symptoms interfere with normal daily functioning
Answer: A
Q3) African Americans are more likely than European Americans to visit a physician. A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Adhering to Healthy Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the health belief model,the belief that relates to an individual's perceived risk to the disease is
A) perceived susceptibility
B) perceived severity
C) perceived benefits
D) perceived barriers
Q2) Some chronic conditions,such as HIV and arthritis,show _____ adherence rates where diabetes and pulmonary disease show ______ adherence.
A) low; high
B) high; low
C) low; low
D) high; high
Q3) A recent meta-analysis showed that adhering to a medical regime does not make any difference in physical health outcomes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss ways to improve adherence.
Q5) What assessment issues have an impact on understanding adherence rates?
Q6) Evaluate the contribution of personal factors to adherence to medical advice.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Defining, Measuring, and Managing Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the difference between glands of the endocrine and neuroendocrine systems?
A) Glands in the neuroendocrine system are controlled by the nervous system.
B) Glands in the endocrine system are controlled by the autonomic nervous system not the sympathetic nervous system.
C) Glands in the neuroendocrine system secrete hormones, but those in the endocrine system do not.
D) Glands in the endocrine system secrete hormones, but those in the neuroendocrine system do not.
Q2) Emotional expression such as crying,laughing,yelling,or throwing objects leads to improved psychological and physical health.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Discrimination is a source of stress that may increase the risk for _______.
A) cardiovascular disease
B) mental health problems
C) both a and b
D) none of the above
Q4) What types of hassles arise from the psychosocial environment to produce stress?
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Chapter 6: Understanding Stress, Immunity, and Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) Direct effects of stress on the immune system occur through ______,and indirect effects can occur through ______.
A) the cardiovascular system . . . autonomic nervous system activation effects
B) the sympathetic nervous system . . . parasympathetic nervous system suppression
C) connections between the immune and nervous systems . . . secretion of hormones
D) the adrenal medulla . . . activation of the pituitary gland and releasing factors
Q2) In a study of women with the sexually transmitted form of herpes simplex virus,women experiencing psychosocial distress were more likely to
A) transfer the virus to someone else.
B) show the onset of genital lesions a few days later.
C) contract other herpes viruses.
D) all of the above.
Q3) T-cells are a type of nonspecific immune system response.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss the implications of immune deficiency.
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8
Chapter 7: Understanding and Managing Pain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Systems of self-paced administration of analgesic drugs
A) overcome the problem of undermedication.
B) increase the probability of addiction.
C) lead to a situation in which about 45% of patients overmedicate themselves.
D) all of these.
Q2) During the birth process,women in some cultures exhibit many more signs of pain than women in other cultures.This observation shows that
A) the experience of pain varies from culture to culture.
B) cultural practices can influence the expression of pain.
C) natural childbirth produces less pain than opiate drugs.
D) women who express little pain during childbirth are undergoing self-hypnosis.
Q3) Of the medical and psychological interventions for managing chronic pain,__________ is/are probably the most effective.
A) surgery
B) opiate drugs
C) biofeedback
D) cognitive behavioral therapy
Q4) Differentiate among the three stages of pain.
Q5) Discuss the statement "Injury does not necessarily equal pain."
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Chapter 8: Considering Alternative Approaches
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jane participates in __________,a type of meditation focused on non-judgmental awareness of one's thoughts and feelings.
A) mindfulness meditation
B) transcendental meditation
C) guided imagery
D) yoga
Q2) The group of diverse medical and health care systems that are not considered part of conventional medicine are _____________.
A) biopsychosocial medicines
B) bio-medicines
C) alternative medicines
D) complementary medicines
Q3) One of the goals of treatment in traditional Chinese medicine is to
A) reduce the amount of qi that flows through the body.
B) increase the amount of qi that flows through the body.
C) bring yin and yang into balance.
D) increase yin forces and decrease yang forces.
Q4) What alternative procedures and products are most commonly used?
Q5) Analyze who uses alternative treatments.
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Chapter 9: Behavioral Factors in Cardiovascular Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) Arteriosclerosis is when the arteries have "hardened" and atherosclerosis is the formation of plaques.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Modifying behavioral risk factors does not significantly reduce one's chance of having a myocardial infarction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of these is NOT part of the original Type A behavior pattern?
A) a sense of time urgency
B) a job requiring constant decision making
C) hostility
D) a high level of competitiveness
Q4) Anger is a(n)________ accompanied by physiological arousal,whereas hostility is a negative ______ toward others.
A) attitude; emotion
B) attitude; reaction
C) reaction; emotion
D) emotion; attitude
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Chapter 10: Behavioral Factors in Cancer
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Sample Questions
Q1) The factor LEAST likely to explain why people of different ethnic background have different rates of cancer deaths is
A) biology.
B) knowledge about cancer and its treatment.
C) access to medical care.
D) level of adherence to health recommendations.
Q2) More than half of cancer deaths in the United States are attributable to diet and smoking.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Cigarette smoking is the only form of tobacco that increases risk for cancer.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Cancer
A) is a relatively new disease, first diagnosed during the latter half of the 19th century.
B) is a group of diseases marked by the growth and spread of new cells.
C) is due to a parasite that attacks new cells.
D) is due almost completely to contact with dangerous chemicals.
Q5) Differentiate malignant from nonmalignant growths.
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Chapter 11: Living With Chronic Illness
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Sample Questions
Q1) A chronic intermittent disorder that causes constriction of the bronchial tubes,thus preventing air from passing freely is
A) asthma.
B) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
C) pneumonia.
D) influenza.
Q2) HIV usually progresses over a decade or more; the longest phase in its development is characterized by
A) a period of latency in which the person experiences few, if any, symptoms.
B) symptoms of fever, sore throat, skin rash, and headache.
C) a cluster of symptoms, including swollen lymph nodes, fever, fatigue, night sweats, and loss of appetite.
D) a CD4+ T-lymphocyte cell count of less than 200.
Q3) Barbara's daughter was recently diagnosed with diabetes.The best course of action her family could take is to
A) treat her as someone who is unique because of her diabetes.
B) establish a routine that is close to normal.
C) tell the other daughters to never fight with their sister.
D) both a and b.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Smoking Tobacco
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research on smoking,peer pressure,and adolescents suggest that
A) anti-smoking messages work in decreasing smoking rates in groups of friends.
B) overt pressure from friends is needed to increase the chances that a teen will smoke.
C) adolescents will begin to smoke to fit in with their social group, regardless of whether pressure is overt.
D) media exposure does not increase smoking in peer groups.
Q2) Adolescents who use smokeless tobacco are not likely to begin smoking cigarettes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _________ suffer the most health problems from passive smoking.
A) Children
B) Adolescents
C) Young adults
D) Middle-age adults
Q4) The addictive ingredient in tobacco smoke is nicotine.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Evaluate the dangers of passive smoking.
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Chapter 13: Using Alcohol and Other Drugs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Liver damage or mouth cancer are considered __________ of alcohol and motor vehicle accidents or aggressive behavior are _________.
A) indirect hazards; direct hazards
B) direct hazards; indirect hazards
C) indirect hazards; direct benefits
D) direct hazards; direct benefits
Q2) Light to moderate drinking seems to offer a protective benefit by reducing the risk of death by
A) ischemic stoke.
B) heart disease.
C) hemorrhagic stroke.
D) Both a and b
Q3) Discuss the balanced placebo design and the research that it has generated about drinking.
Q4) Morphine and heroin are
A) stimulant drugs.
B) opiates.
C) used medically to relieve pain.
D) both b and c are correct.
Q5) What are the hazards of alcohol? What are the benefits?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Eating and Weight
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Sample Questions
Q1) After treatment that includes hospitalization and weight gain,anorexics
A) usually retain the urge to be thin.
B) usually return to normal eating.
C) often show other signs of psychological problems.
D) both a and c.
Q2) Which of these characteristics is LEAST likely among anorexics?
A) young, White, and female
B) preoccupation with food
C) view of self as too thin
D) ambitious and perfectionist
Q3) In a survey of adults,______ of women were trying to lose weight.
A) 20%
B) 38%
C) 42%
D) 76%
Q4) European American females are more likely to have an eating disorder than any other ethnic group.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Evaluate the role of hormones in weight regulation.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Exercising
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Sample Questions
Q1) Physically active people can expect to live,on average,5 years longer than physically inactive people.
A)True
B)False
Q2) School-based physical education programs increase physical activity both inside and outside of the school.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Clinton was a long distance runner in high school and college.Now,at age 30,he lives an inactive life.Clinton believes that his earlier experiences as a track star will offer permanent protection against cardiovascular disease.Clinton's A) belief is correct.
B) belief is incorrect.
C) future risk of CVD will be about 50% lower compared to men his age who have never exercised.
D) future risk of CVD will be higher than men of his age who have never exercised.
Q4) What is the role of exercise in weight control?
Q5) What are some methods to improve adherence to physical activity?
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Chapter 16: Future Challenges
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Sample Questions
Q1) The trend toward chronic diseases as the most common health problem
A) will probably continue well into the 21st century.
B) will probably reverse itself within the next decade.
C) will probably be replaced by a growing problem with infectious diseases.
D) both b and c
Q2) If the people of the United States can increase their span of healthy life,then they will have
A) increased their longevity.
B) reached all the major goals of Healthy People 2020.
C) increased their number of well-years.
D) accomplished all of these.
Q3) Which group of U.S.citizens has the longest life expectancy?
A) European Americans
B) Asian Americans
C) African Americans
D) Hispanic Americans
Q4) In the United States,wealthy people have more well-years than poor people,but they do not live longer than poor people.
A)True
B)False
Page 18
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