Foundations of Criminal Justice Mock Exam
Course Introduction
This course offers an introduction to the fundamental concepts and processes of the criminal justice system. Students will explore the components of law enforcement, courts, and corrections, examining their roles within society and their interrelationships. Key topics include the historical development of criminal justice, the nature and classification of crime, the rights of the accused, the role of discretion, and an overview of key legal and ethical issues faced by criminal justice professionals. Emphasis is placed on understanding the balance between maintaining public safety and protecting individual rights within a framework of justice and due process.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Criminal Justice 4th Edition by Robert M. Bohm
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14 Chapters
943 Verified Questions
943 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Crime and Justice in the United States
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The criminal justice response to crime usually begins when the police themselves discover that a crime has been committed.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Efficiency and speed are of paramount importance.
A)Crime control model
B)Due process model
Answer: A
Q3) A(n)____ is a charging document specifying that an offense has been committed by a person or persons named or described.
A) information
B) grand jury indictment
C) complaint
D) all of the choices are correct
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Crime and Its Consequences
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68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a person does not want to commit a crime but is forced to do so against his or her will,he or she committed the crime:
A) under duress.
B) in entrapment.
C) in self-defense.
D) in defense of a third party.
Answer: A
Q2) What is the Latin term for crimes that are "wrong in themselves"; crimes characterized by universality and timelessness?
A) mala prohibita
B) mala in se
C) mala au gratin
D) crimenindividualis
Answer: B
Q3) Western people and households
A)More likely to be a victim of violent crime
B)Less likely to be a victim of violent crime
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Explaining Crime
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) For Sutherland,______ describes communities that vary in the degree to which they promote or inhibit criminal associations based on the way or to the degree that they are organized.
A) collective conscience
B) social disorganization
C) differential social organization
D) differential association
Answer: C
Q2) Emile Durkheim rejected the idea that society is more than a simple aggregate of individuals,and believed that the world is simply the product of individual actions.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Criminal anthropology is the study of "criminal" human beings.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: The Rule of Law
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73 Verified Questions
73 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Sixth Amendment right to a speedy and public trial was extended to trials in state courts in 1967.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An uncorroborated anonymous tip is legally admissible evidence at trial.
A)True
B)False
Q3) An arrest warrant is issued only if substantial and trustworthy evidence supports what two conclusions?
A) a violation of the law has been committed, and the person will be found in the place to be searched
B) a violation of the law has been committed, and the person to be arrested committed the violation
C) the person to be arrested committed the violation, and the person will be found in the place to be searched
D) the specific objects to be searched for are connected with criminal activity, and the objects will be found in the place to be searched
Q4) Your textbook names six provisions of the Sixth Amendment.Name four of them.
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Chapter 5: History and Structure of American Law
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among federal law enforcement agencies in 2002,the ______ employed the largest percentage of women,while the ______employed the smallest percentage of women.
A) Federal Bureau of Investigation-Federal Bureau of Prisons
B) U.S. Marshals Service-U.S. Secret Service
C) Internal Revenue Service-Drug Enforcement Agency
D) U.S. Customs Service-Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms
Q2) After the Civil War,municipal police officers began to take on the characteristics of today's police.Three of these characteristics are listed below.Which one does NOT belong?
A) They began to carry nightsticks.
B) They began to carry firearms.
C) They began to wear uniforms.
D) They began to form posses.
Q3) State-level law enforcement officers include three of the following groups.Which one does NOT belong?
A) Highway patrols
B) Watercraft officers
C) Park rangers
D) Sheriffs
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Police Work
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66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your textbook describes four characteristics that generally define the role of the police.Three are listed below.Which one is NOT described in your textbook?
A) The police perform ongoing educational roles in the community.
B) The police are community leaders in public safety.
C) The police occasionally serve in a hostile or dangerous environment.
D) The police solve sociological and technological problems for people on a short-term basis.
Q2) Following are three parts of the acronym SARA,which some community policing advocates recommend as a four-step problem-solving process.Which of the following is NOT one of the components of SARA?
A) Arrival-determining the situation's timeliness
B) Assessment-determining the solutions' effect.
C) Response-developing and implementing solutions
D) Scanning-identifying problems
Q3) Emphasis is on the use of threats or actual arrests to solve disputes in the community
A)Legalistic
B)Watchman
C)Service
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Policing America: Issues and Ethics
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Affirmative action has been relatively successful in increasing the percentage of women in policing.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Approximately what percent of recruits in police academy classes fail to complete the program?
A) 0
B) 10
C) 30
D) 50
Q3) Most people's definitions of brutality include three of the following,according to your textbook.Which of the following is NOT included in your book's definition of brutality?
A) Unnecessary stopping, questioning, and searching of pedestrians or those in vehicles
B) Full enforcement
C) Verbal abuse
D) Threats of force
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Chapter 8: The Administration of Justice
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67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mitigating factors are circumstances that make a crime worse than usual.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The effort to do something for victims and their survivors-to return them,as much as possible,to their previous state and to make them "whole" again
A)Indeterminate sentence
B)Determinate sentence
C)Flat-time sentencing
D)Mandatory sentencing
E)Presumptive sentencing
Q3) Between 1968 and 1972:
A) only five death row inmates were executed.
B) a formal moratorium on executions was observed.
C) a series of lawsuits challenged various aspects of capital punishment.
D) all of the choices are correct.
Q4) Define truth-in-sentencing laws.What offenders do these laws target?
Q5) Name and explain the three procedural reforms approved by the Supreme Court in Gregg for death penalty cases.
Q6) Name the five methods of execution currently in use in the United States.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Sentencing, Appeals, and the Death Penalty
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67 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Defendants are entitled to present new evidence or testimony on appeal if that evidence or testimony could have been (but was not)presented at trial.
A)True
B)False
Q2) For most offenses,a majority of defendants are sentenced either on the day of conviction or the next day.
A)True
B)False
Q3) From which of the following sources does the federal government's Crime Victims Fund receive its funding?
A) annual congressional appropriations
B) fees for federal gun registration
C) fines and penalties paid by federal criminal offenders
D) all of the choices are correct
Q4) Judges almost always impose the sentence agreed upon during plea negotiations because if they did not,plea bargaining would not work.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Institutional Corrections
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rather than having inmates attend periodic group sessions (one or two hourly sessions per week),____encompasses the total living environment of inmates so that the environment continually encourages positive behavioral change.
A) individual therapy
B) crisis intervention
C) milieu therapy
D) religious counseling
Q2) Which of the following jurisdictions had the largest prison population at year-end 2002?
A) the federal government
B) California
C) Texas
D) Florida
Q3) A ____ is a facility that holds convicted offenders and unconvicted persons for relatively short periods of up to one year.
A) lockup
B) jail
C) furlough
D) minimum-security prison
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Prison Life, Inmate Rights, and Release
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64 Verified Questions
64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Few inmates suffer from any psychological maladies.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Shifting patterns in prison release indicate the strong emphasis placed on ____ during the 1980s and the use of ____ to structure early-release decisions.
A) determinate sentencing; statistical guidelines
B) parole boards; mandatory release
C) statistical guidelines; parole boards
D) determinate sentencing; parole boards
Q3) The equal-protection clause under the ____ Amendment has led the Supreme Court to forbid racial discrimination and has led state courts to target gender discrimination.
A) Eighth
B) First
C) Fifth
D) Fourteenth
Q4) Your textbook names four types of victimization that occur in prisons.Name all four of them.
Q5) Explain the four typical ways in which inmates may be released from prison.
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Chapter 12: Community Corrections
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Currently,____ have abolished early release by discretion of a parole board for all offenders.
A) 18 states
B) 24 states and the federal government
C) 24 states
D) 18 states and the federal government
Q2) Part of the role of community corrections staff is to help offenders identify and address their problems and needs.This role has three aspects,which are listed here.Which is NOT one of these aspects?
A) The direct provision of services, such as counseling, to offenders
B) Advocacy
C) The provision of multilevel spiritual and religious programs
D) Resource broker
Q3) There is usually a low degree of consistency between the sentencing recommendation in the PSI report and the actual sentence handed down by the judge.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Your textbook names six ideal features of ISP programs.Name five of these.
Q5) Name the five types of probation.
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Chapter 13: Juvenile Justice
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72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Three of the following are types of restitution that are discussed in your textbook.Which of the following does NOT belong?
A) Victim-service restitution
B) Monetary restitution
C) Community-service restitution
D) Educational restitution
Q2) In the 1800s and earlier,girls were often committed by parents or relatives for the same types of criminal offenses as boys were.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In most U.S.jurisdictions,juveniles are defined as individuals between the ages of:
A) 12 and 18.
B) 7 and 18.
C) 7 and 16.
D) 12 and 16.
Q4) The first house of refuge was established in New York City in 1825.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Understanding and Predicting the Future of Criminal Justice
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55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identity theft is a much larger problem than even the experts suspected.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Why is it unlikely that plea bargaining will ever be completely eliminated from the American court system?
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of transnational organized crime groups,according to a recent survey by the United Nation's Centre for International Crime Prevention?
A) the majority of groups have a strong social or ethnic identity
B) for the majority of groups, violence is essential to the undertaking of their activities
C) the majority of groups are of moderate size (between 20 and 50 participants)
D) all of the choices are characteristics
Q4) Recent history demonstrates that increases in the use of alternatives to incarceration ____ the use of incarceration.
A) do not necessarily decrease
B) generally increase
C) usually decrease
D) do not affect
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