Course Introduction
Foreign Policy Analysis
Chapter Exam Questions
Foreign Policy Analysis explores the processes, actors, and theories involved in the formulation and implementation of a states foreign policy. The course examines how governments make decisions about international relations, the influence of domestic and international factors, and the role of leaders, institutions, and public opinion. Through case studies and critical discussions, students will gain a deeper understanding of the strategies and motivations guiding states actions on the global stage, as well as the analytical tools used to assess and predict foreign policy behavior.
Recommended Textbook World Politics 4th Edition by Jeffry A. Frieden
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17 Chapters
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1269 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Shaped Our World
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Q1) Which of these countries had global hegemonic influence in the nineteenth century?
A)Japan
B)Great Britain
C)The United States
D)France
Answer: B
Q2) Developing countries created the nonaligned movement during the Cold War because they:
A)opposed communist expansion in the third world.
B)wanted to create closer ties with the Soviet Union.
C)wanted to create closer ties with the United States.
D)wanted to promote international economic development.
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following is an example of a free-trade area?
A)World Trade Organization
B)European Union
C)North Atlantic Treaty Organization
D)Warsaw Pact
Answer: B
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Understanding Interests, interactions, and Institutions
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Q1) What is the role of international inspectors and treaties in helping to overcome Prisoner's Dilemmas? How does it affect the payoffs?
Answer: Because the Prisoner's Dilemma is a collaboration game,the creation of restrictions like treaties and inspectors can adjust the payoffs since both parties do not feel tempted to defect for a chance at a better payoff.
Q2) Why did the United Nations Security Council not endorse the preventive war against Iraq in 2003?
A)The members of the Security Council believed that Iran was a bigger threat than Iraq,and that the council should direct its energy there instead.
B)The Security Council is unable to endorse military action against sovereign countries.
C)The United Nations General Assembly would veto any action by the Security Council. D)Several permanent members of the Security Council opposed going to war against Iraq and could veto any endorsement of the war.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Why Are There Wars
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Q1) What are two possible ways that Israelis and Palestinians can reach a successful bargain over Jerusalem despite the seeming indivisibility of the territory?
Answer: There are three potential ways of dealing with the apparent issue indivisibility of Jerusalem: one state could provide compensation for territory that is conceded by the other side; both sides could share control of the territory; or the division of Jerusalem could be linked to other important issues that both sides care about and would want to bargain over.
Q2) Why might the city of Jerusalem be considered an indivisible good?
A)Israelis and Palestinians both claim the city as their capital.
B)The good concerned is territory,which is difficult to divide.
C)Neither side wants to give up any territory.
D)Jerusalem doesn't hold enough value to be divided and still be considered a good.
Answer: A
Q3) How can third parties help warring states overcome commitment problems?
Answer: Third parties can help belligerents build credibility,can help monitor and enforce agreements,can act as credible guarantors,or can act as physical buffers that separate the sides.
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Domestic Politics and War
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Q1) Which of the following features suggests that a country is a liberal democracy?
A)The country holds formal elections but prevents a small group of citizens from running for public office.
B)The country holds formal elections but jails its political opponents.
C)The country holds formal elections but engages in media censorship.
D)The country holds formal elections and allows for freedom of the press.
Q2) Why does accountability reduce the likelihood of democracies going to war?
A)The responsibility of elected governments to reduce deficit spending will also inhibit their ability to launch costly wars.
B)Democracies face more liability from international organizations for violating the rules of war.
C)Through elections,voters will remove leaders who start wars viewed as wasteful or unwise.
D)Voters are more likely to elect leaders who refuse to participate in conflict.
Q3) How does democratic accountability help explain the democratic peace phenomenon?
Q4) In which way can the military shape the probability of war?
Q5) How might groups with narrow interests influence the ways in which states bargain over goods?
Page 6
Q6) Why might the democratic peace simply be a coincidence?
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Chapter 5: International Institutions and War
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Q1) What are collective security organizations?
A)Organizations that help states accumulate the weapons they need to increase their security
B)Organizations that help collect dues to support states' combined armed forces
C)Institutions that provide group responses to acts of aggression
D)Institutions that help states cooperate economically to achieve their goals
Q2) Which of the following statements about the United Nations Security Council (UNSC)is true?
A)The UNSC is a defensive alliance.
B)UNSC agreement signals that the UN actions are supported by the world's major powers.
C)The veto rule helps the UNSC make swift decisions.
D)The veto rule prevents the UNSC from agreeing on anything.
Q3) What is true of alliances and their impact on World War II?
A)Alliances did not affect World War II.
B)Many states participated in World War II due to alliance commitments.
C)No country was willing to ally with Germany.
D)If there had been no alliance system,the war would not have happened.
Q4) How do collective security organizations reduce costs associated with joint decision making and commitment problems?
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Violence by Nonstate Actors: Civil War and Terrorism
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Q1) What was the effect of the involvement of neighboring countries and cross-border flows of fighters in the Rwandan genocide?
A)Multi-state intervention created conditions for peace and stability.
B)The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)descended into its own civil war.
C)Uganda and Angola began warring with each other.
D)The United States intervened to halt the genocide with the aid of neighboring countries.
Q2) Terrorists:
A)tend to be moderates.
B)do not pursue their interests.
C)are irrational.
D)are rational.
Q3) What are the primary factors affecting whether violent nonstate actors,such as rebel and terrorist groups,can mobilize?
A)Organizing people and garnering resources in order to commit violence
B)Overcoming people's natural inclination against violence and protest
C)Organizers struggling to maintain passion for their cause in the face of adversity
D)Indoctrinating adherents to the cause,and how to fight and conduct violence
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Chapter 7: International Trade
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Q1) Why is "intra-industry" trade difficult for the Heckscher-Ohlin trade theory to explain?
A)Most of it is conducted between developing countries,which the theory predicts little of.
B)Since the products are within the same industry and made with the same factors,differences in factor endowment cannot explain it.
C)Countries with abundant labor are not expected to also import labor-intensive products.
D)Industries are expected to compete with each and not trade with each when factors are immobile.
Q2) Explain how interests,institutions,and interactions led to increasing amounts of free trade in developing countries starting in the 1980s.
Q3) When the United States established steel tariffs in 2002,who benefited?
A)Steel exporters in other countries
B)Consumers in the United States
C)Producers in the United States that used steel as an input
D)Producers of steel in the United States
Q4) What factors explain why countries trade what they do and who they trade with?
Q5) Explain how trade bargaining problems can resemble a Prisoner's Dilemma.
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Chapter 8: International Financial Relations
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Q1) Why did investors lend little money to developing countries before 1965?
A)In general,there was little available international investment money.
B)Most countries had not repaid their debts during the Great Depression.
C)Investors wanted to lend money only to democracies,and most developing countries were dictatorships.
D)Until 1965,repayment guarantees applied only to loans made to developed countries.
Q2) How does the Heckscher-Ohlin theory explain why there is international immigration?
A)Countries that recognize the logic of comparative advantage reduce barriers to international migration.
B)Protectionism,which benefits the abundant factor,forces the scarce factor to leave a country in search of greater profits.
C)Differences in factor endowment lead to the export of goods,capital,or people associated with a country's scarce factor.
D)Differences in factor endowment lead to the export of goods,capital,or people associated with a country's abundant factor.
Q3) If international finance is beneficial,why is it also controversial?
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Page 10
Chapter 9: International Monetary Relations
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Q1) Which of the following is able to carry out monetary policy?
A)The International Monetary Fund
B)The World Bank
C)The European Central Bank
D)The World Trade Organization
Q2) How did domestic interests and international conditions affect the adoption of the euro?
Q3) Why do monetary interactions between governments sometimes resemble a Prisoner's Dilemma?
Q4) Why did the Argentine currency crisis of 2001 occur?
A)The Argentine president continued to let the peso float in order to maintain political support for his party.
B)The end of the Cold War led to too many imports from former communist countries.
C)Argentina's beef exports increased so much that it led to a shortage of currency.
D)Argentina had pegged the peso to the dollar and could not easily change its policy.
Q5) Why do currency crises occur?
Q6) When and why do governments agree on a particular monetary system?
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Development: Causes of the Wealth and Poverty of Nations
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Q1) Explain Raúl Prebisch's theory about the terms of trade for less developed countries and their effect on the development policies implemented by poor countries.
Q2) Which of the following explains why the developed world became relatively uninterested in developing regions after 1914?
A)Two world wars and the Great Depression kept developed countries preoccupied at home.
B)Developed countries were threatened by the economic growth of developing countries.
C)Developing countries began to trade exclusively with other developing countries after 1914.
D)The developing world began jointly raising the prices of primary goods,which became too expensive for the developed world.
Q3) Which of the following countries pursued policies consistent with ISI?
A)The United States
B)Portugal
C)South Korea
D)Brazil
Q4) What are some ways governments can encourage economic growth?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: International Law and Norms
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Q1) Why is an effective frame important for norm entrepreneurs when advocating for and endorsing new norms? Provide an example of an effective frame.
Q2) How are international laws typically enforced?
A)The World Court adjudicates all international laws.
B)The International Criminal Court adjudicates all international laws.
C)International law is only enforced when the Security Council chooses to enforce it.
D)International law is primarily enforced through the principle of self-help.
Q3) The International Criminal Court fundamentally violates:
A)human rights.
B)state sovereignty.
C)international law.
D)international norms about jurisprudence.
Q4) Delegation in international law refers to:
A)how much power is given to the legislature of a country.
B)how much power is given to the president of a country.
C)how much control is given to third parties.
D)how long a treaty is in effect.
Q5) How do transnational advocacy networks (TANs)enforce compliance with norms?
Q6) What are the three categories of norms? Give an example of each type of norm.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Human Rights
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Q1) How did states and international actors react to apartheid?
A)They did nothing because they expected it to end eventually.
B)They offered to give South Africa foreign aid to change the policy.
C)They took progressively firmer stances against it.
D)They supported a military intervention of South Africa.
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a rights violation due to a national security threat from domestic groups?
A)The Mexican government failing to provide safe and healthy working conditions for Mexican factory workers
B)United States placing approximately 110,000 Japanese Americans in internment camps following the attack on Pearl Harbor and the start of World War II
C)Bolivia failing to provide free primary education to everyone based on a lack of resources
D)United States troops abusing prisoners at Abu Ghraib in Iraq in 2003
Q3) Why has it been difficult to figure out whether the number of global human rights violations has been increasing or decreasing?
Q4) When are states most likely to take action on human rights abuses?
Q5) Why and in what ways has the United States opposed the creation of the ICC?
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Chapter 13: The Global Environment
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Q1) The implementation of which of the following environmental agreements led to a cap-and-trade system?
A)Vienna Convention
B)International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil
C)Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
D)Kyoto Protocol
Q2) Why are complete bans often more effective that numerical restrictions on pollution?
Q3) Which of the following environmental problems has seen the least progress made by international communities?
A)Global climate change
B)Hazardous waste shipment across borders
C)Ozone layer protection
D)Harmful fishing practices
Q4) Why has the United States withdrawn from the Paris Agreement? What does this tell us about the nature and challenges of international bargaining on environmental issues?
Q5) Why has cooperation in restoring the ozone been more successful than efforts to address climate change?
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Chapter 14: The Future of International Politics
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Q1) Why is the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)a compromise between nuclear and non-nuclear weapons states?
A)Non-nuclear weapons states abiding by the treaty eventually may be allowed by nuclear powers to develop small nuclear capabilities of their own.
B)Nuclear weapons states keep their nuclear power plants while other states get assistance in developing environmentally friendly non-nuclear sources of energy.
C)Nuclear weapons states can continue underground nuclear weapons testing while other states experience less pollution because of the ban on aboveground testing.
D)Nuclear powers keep their nuclear weapons while other states get assistance in developing nuclear energy.
Q2) In which of the following ways has the United States responded to China?
A)The United States has created an East Asian version of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
B)The United States has maintained bases in East Asia.
C)The United States has isolated Vietnam.
D)The United States has blocked China's membership in the World Trade Organization.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Introduction
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Q1) Describe the primary assumptions of realism.What would occur if those predictions were relaxed?
Q2) How should theories be evaluated?
A)By how accurately they predict the events that take place in the world
B)By how much they influence the behavior of policy makers
C)How much they inform societal norms and practices
D)By how many hypotheses they generate
Q3) When constructing a theory of a complex phenomenon,it is necessary to:
A)include all the relevant factors.
B)make assumptions to simplify the processes being examined.
C)generate a complex mathematical model.
D)ensure that its predictions are always accurate.
Q4) What is a theory?
A)A guess about the current state of the world
B)An educated guess about how two events relate to each other
C)A logically consistent set of statements that explain a phenomenon of interest
D)A set of assumptions that generate untestable propositions about the world
Q5) Is realism realistic? Explain why you think the framework is suitable for international relations,or,if you do not think it is,does liberalism or constructivism make more sense?
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Chapter 16: Foundations, War, and Peace
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Q1) Which of the following treaties marked the official end of World War I?
A)Treaty of Ghent
B)Treaty of Tordesillas
C)Treaty of Rome
D)Treaty of Versailles
Q2) Which military alliance has persisted from the Cold War into the present?
A)The European Union
B)The Warsaw Pact
C)The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
D)The Triple Alliance
Q3) How can domestic interest groups influence the bargaining model of war?
A)Hawkish interest groups can increase the range of possible bargains for the state.
B)Dovish interest groups can increase the range of possible bargains for the state.
C)Bureaucracies can nullify the impact of the bargaining model.
D)Domestic interests do not calculate into the bargaining model of war.
Q4) Discuss civil and interstate wars.How are they similar and how are they different?
Q5) How does the bargaining model apply to civil war?
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Page 18
Politics, and Looking Ahead
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Q1) What role does information play in the populist backlash against globalization,and how does this affect the politics of economic policy?
Q2) International monetary policy creates Prisoner Dilemma-like scenarios because:
A)there are incentives to devalue a currency whether or not other countries devalue their currencies.
B)there are incentives to appreciate a currency whether or not other countries appreciate their currencies.
C)the only time a country wants to devalue its currency is when other countries appreciate their currencies.
D)the only time a country wants to appreciate its currency is when other countries devalue their currencies.
Q3) Which of the following is true about environmental performance?
A)States with a high per capita GDP tend to have better environmental performance.
B)Global carbon emissions have remained constant over the last 50 years.
C)The United States is around the world average in fossil fuel usage per capita.
D)Travel is a trivially small percentage of global carbon emissions.
Q4) Why do environmental agreements typically use soft law rather than hard law?
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