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Financial and Managerial Accounting Textbook Exam Questions - 4695 Verified Questions

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Financial and Managerial Accounting

Textbook Exam Questions

Course Introduction

Financial and Managerial Accounting introduces students to the foundational principles and practices involved in measuring, communicating, and analyzing financial information for both internal and external users. The course covers the preparation and interpretation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), as well as the use of accounting information for business decision making, planning, and control. Key topics include the accounting cycle, revenue recognition, asset valuation, budgeting, cost analysis, performance evaluation, and ethical considerations in accounting. By integrating both financial and managerial perspectives, this course provides a comprehensive understanding of how accounting information supports effective management and organizational success.

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Horngrens Financial and Managerial Accounting The Managerial Chapters 5th Edition by Miller

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Page 2

Chapter 1: Accounting and the Business Environment

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Q1) What is the calculation for return on assets (ROA)? What does ROA measure?

Answer: Return on Assets = Net income / Average total assets.

ROA measures how profitably a company uses its assets.

Q2) A creditor is a person who owes money to the business.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q3) Regarding the separation of corporate ownership and management,which of the following is a true statement?

A)The corporate officers elect the board of directors.

B)The corporation runs better with day-to-day input from stockholders.

C)None of the stockholders have the ability to manage the business of the corporation.

D)Stockholders own the business,but a board of directors appoints corporate officers to manage the business.

Answer: D

Q4) Common stock represents the basic ownership of every corporation.

A)True

B)False

Answer: True

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Chapter 2: Recording Business Transactions

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following is an asset account?

A)Cash

B)Notes Payable

C)Dividends

D)Unearned Revenue Answer: A

Q2) The normal balance of an account is the increase side of the account.

A)True

B)False Answer: True

Q3) When a business collects cash,the Cash account is debited.

A)True

B)False Answer: True

Q4) Accounts Receivable is a(n)________ account and has a normal ________ balance.

A)liability; debit

B)asset; debit

C)liability; credit

D)asset; credit

Answer: B

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Chapter 3: The Adjusting Process

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Q1) What type of account is Prepaid Rent,and what is its normal balance?

A)It is an expense account and has a debit balance.

B)It is a liability account and has a credit balance.

C)It is a revenue account and has a credit balance.

D)It is an asset account and has a debit balance.

Answer: D

Q2) The accountant of Skyscrapers Architectural Services failed to make an adjusting entry to record $7,000 of depreciation expense.Which of the following statements is true?

A)The total liabilities will be overstated.

B)The equity will be understated.

C)The total assets will be overstated.

D)The total assets will be understated.

Answer: C

Q3) The worksheet is NOT a journal,a ledger,or a financial statement.

A)True

B)False

Answer: True

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Chapter 4: Completing the Accounting Cycle

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Q1) List the order in which the balance sheet,statement of retained earnings,and income statement are prepared.Briefly discuss why this order is necessary.

Q2) Reversing entries are dated on the first day of the new accounting period.

A)True

B)False

Q3) On December 31,2016,Axle Services,Inc.prepared the following accrual adjustment:

\[\begin{array} { | c | r | r | }

\hline \text { Salaries Expense } & 1,000 & \\

\hline \text { Salaries Payable } & & 1,000 \\

\hline

\end{array}\] Axle uses reversing entries.Prepare the reversing entry that would be prepared on January 1,2017.

Q4) Which of the following accounts will be included in a post-closing trial balance?

A)Accumulated Depreciation-Building

B)Rent Expense

C)Interest Expense

D)Service Revenue

Q5) List the steps of the accounting cycle that take place during the period.

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Chapter 5: Merchandising Operations

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Q1) The normal balances of Sales,Sales Discounts,and Sales Returns and Allowances are

A)debit,credit,and credit,respectively

B)debit,debit,and credit,respectively

C)credit,debit,and debit,respectively

D)credit,credit,and debit,respectively

Q2) A merchandiser's statement of retained earnings looks exactly like that of a service business.

A)True

B)False

Q3) In a periodic inventory system,a sale of inventory involves two entries,one to record Sales Revenue and one to record Cost of Goods Sold.

A)True

B)False

Q4) If a merchandiser uses the periodic inventory system,it is necessary to conduct a physical count of inventory to determine the quantity of inventory on hand.

A)True

B)False

Q5) What does the gross profit percentage measure? How is it computed?

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Chapter 6: Merchandise Inventory

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Q1) When using the weighted-average inventory costing method,the dollar amounts for ending inventory and cost of goods sold are the same for both the perpetual and periodic inventory costing methods.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Which of the following inventory costing methods uses the cost of the oldest purchases to calculate the cost of goods sold?

A)specific identification

B)weighted-average

C)last-in,first-out

D)first-in,first-out

Q3) The disclosure principle states that a company should report enough information for outsiders to make knowledgeable decisions about the company.

A)True

B)False

Q4) What does inventory turnover measure? What does a high rate of inventory turnover indicate?

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Chapter 7: Internal Control and Cash

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Sample Questions

Q1) Journalize the adjusting entry for the second reconciling item: Interest revenue.

Q2) A way to account for petty cash by maintaining a constant balance in the petty cash account and which at any time requires that cash plus petty cash tickets must total the amount allocated to the petty cash fund,is known as the ________.

A)control system

B)voucher system

C)balanced system

D)imprest system

Q3) A ________ is a document explaining the reasons for the difference between a depositor's Cash account in the ledger and the depositor's cash balance in its bank account.

A)bank statement

B)deposit receipt

C)bank reconciliation

D)remittance advice

Q4) Having a cash ratio below 1 is a good thing.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 8: Receivables

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Q1) The number of times a company collects the average accounts receivable balance in a year is known as the accounts receivable turnover ratio.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The direct write-off method is only acceptable for companies that have very few uncollectible receivables.

A)True B)False

Q3) Which of the following would be included in the entry by the payee to record a dishonored note receivable?

A)a debit to Accounts Receivable

B)a debit to Interest Revenue

C)a debit to Notes Receivable

D)a credit to Interest Expense

Q4) Smart Calendars is a new business.During its first year of operations,credit sales were $40,000,and collections of credit sales were $36,000.One account,$650,was written off.Using the aging-of-receivables method,management calculates $200 as its estimate of uncollectible amounts at year end.Prepare the journal entry to record bad debts expense.

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Chapter 9: Plant Assets, natural Resources, and Intangibles

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Q1) Houlihan,Inc.purchased a van on January 1,2016,for $800,000.Estimated life of the van was five years,and its estimated residual value was $90,000.Houlihan uses the straight-line method of depreciation.Give the journal entry to record the depreciation expense for 2016 on the van.

Q2) Which of the following is an expense that results from the usage of a natural resource?

A)depletion

B)amortization

C)depreciation

D)obsolescence

Q3) Gideon Electronics paid $200,000 to acquire Tabletz,Inc. ,an electronic gadget-advertising website.At the time of the acquisition,Tabletz's balance sheet reported total assets of $200,000 and liabilities of $100,000.The fair market value of Tabletz's assets was $200,000.The fair market value of its liabilities was $100,000.Journalize the acquisition of Tabletz in the books of Gideon Electronics.

Q4) Estimated residual value is not depreciated because the company will receive this amount when the asset is sold.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 10: Investments

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Sample Questions

Q1) A(n)________ is represented by a certificate and is commonly traded on an exchange.

A)inventory

B)intangible asset

C)interest

D)security

Q2) When a company receives a dividend payment on available-for-sale investments,the ________.

A)total assets will remain unaffected

B)long-term assets will decrease

C)total equity will increase

D)total liabilities will decrease

Q3) When a company receives interest revenue on a bond,total stockholders' equity remains unchanged.

A)True

B)False

Q4) When a company collects the face value of a bond investment at maturity,total assets increase.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 11: Current Liabilities and Payroll

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following accounts is debited when employees take paid vacation?

A)Vacation Benefits Expense

B)Vacation Benefits Payable

C)Salaries Expense

D)No entry is needed.

Q2) Harrison,an employee of Saft Associates,Inc. ,has gross salary for March of $4,000.The entire amount is under the OASDI limit of $117,000 and thus subject to FICA.He is also subject to federal income tax at a rate of 18%.Harrison has a deduction of $320 for health insurance and $80 for United Way.Which of the following is included in the entry to record the disbursement of his net pay?

A)credit to Salaries and Wages Payable

B)debit to United Way Payable

C)debit to FICA Taxes Payable

D)credit to Cash

Q3) On December 31,2016,Circle,Inc.borrowed $500,000 by signing a five-year,8% note payable.The note is payable in five yearly installments of $100,000 plus interest,due at the end of every year beginning on December 31,2017.Which portion is classified as the long-term portion of Notes Payable at December 31,2016?

Q4) What is a contingent liability? Provide two examples of contingencies.

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Chapter 12: Long-Term Liabilities

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Q1) The Current Portion of Long-Term Notes Payable would normally be shown on the balance sheet under current liabilities.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Secured bonds give bondholders the right to take specified assets of the issuer if the issuer fails to pay principal or interest.

A)True

B)False

Q3) An alternative to calling the bonds is to purchase any available bonds in the open market at their current market price.

A)True

B)False

Q4) When computing the present value of a bond,which interest rate is used? Why?

Q5) On January 1,2017,Davie Services issued $20,000 of 8% bonds that mature in five years.The bonds were issued at par.Prepare the journal entry to issue bonds.

Q6) When computing a bond's cash flow for interest,which interest rate is used? Why?

Q7) What is the only difference between present value and future value?

Q8) What does the debt to equity ratio show,and how is it calculated?

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Chapter 13: Stockholders Equity

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Sample Questions

Q1) Thomas Business Supply reported a negative amount in Retained Earnings.What term describes this negative amount? What can cause this to happen?

Q2) On December 2,2017,St.Augustine,Inc.purchases land.In exchange for the land,St.Augustine,Inc.issues 8,000 shares of common stock with $1.00 par value.The land has been appraised at a market value of $400,000.Prepare the journal entry for this transaction.

Q3) Treasury stock is recorded at cost,without reference to par value.

A)True

B)False

Q4) List the four basic rights of stockholders.

Q5) When a company issues stock at an amount greater than the par value,a gain is recorded for the difference between the issue price and the par value.

A)True

B)False

Q6) On the date of record for a dividend,the company ________.

A)issues new shares of stock on that date

B)disburses dividend payments to stockholders on that date

C)records the dividend payable amount on that date

D)determines who owns the shares of stock on that date

Page 15

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Chapter 14: The Statement of Cash Flows

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Q1) Tuesday Electric Company uses the direct method to prepare its statement of cash flows.Tuesday has reported operating expenses of $63,000 on its income statement for the year 2017.If the balance in accrued liabilities has increased by $6,000 during the year,then $6,000 needs to be added to $63,000 to calculate payments to suppliers for operating expenses.

A)True

B)False

Q2) A business's cash receipts and cash payments for a specific period are reported on a(n)________.

A)income statement

B)balance sheet

C)statement of cash flows

D)cash reconciliation statement

Q3) The financing activities section of a statement prepared using the direct method includes changes in ________.

A)Accounts Payable

B)Accounts Receivable

C)Merchandise Inventory

D)Long-term Notes Payable

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Chapter 15: Financial Statement Analysis

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Sample Questions

Q1) Use the following to calculate the inventory turnover ratio for the year 2017. \[\begin{array} { l l l } & 2017 & 2016 \\

\text { Cost of Goods Sold } & 585,000 & 475,000 \\

\text { Merchandise Inventory } & 320,000 & 295,000 \end{array}\]

Q2) The profit margin ratio ________.

A)focuses on the liquidity of the business

B)is computed by dividing net sales by net income

C)shows how much gross profit a business earns on every $1.00 of sales D)is often compared to the industry average

Q3) For the vertical analysis of the balance sheet,the base amount is also the total of liabilities and stockholders' equity.

A)True

B)False

Q4) In a vertical analysis of the income statement,each line item is shown as a percentage of net income.

A)True B)False

Q5) What is an annual report? Briefly describe the key parts of the annual report.

Page 17

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Chapter 16: Introduction to Managerial Accounting

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Sample Questions

Q1) A budget is a managerial accounting tool used in the planning process.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Define planning.List and briefly discuss a planning tool that managers can use.

Q3) Mason Cabinet Company sells standard kitchen cabinets.The following information summarizes Mason's operating activities for the year:

\[\begin{array} { | l | r | }

\hline \text { Selling and Administrative Expenses } & \$ 42,750 \\

\hline \text { Purchases } & 85,700 \\

\hline \text { Sales Revenue } & 154,500 \\

\hline \text { Merchandise Inventory, January 1 } & 12,500 \\

\hline \text { Merchandise Inventory, December 31 } & 16,200 \\

\hline

\end{array}\] Mason sold 950 cabinets during the year.

Calculate the operating income for the year.

Compute the unit cost for one cabinet (Round to two decimal places. )

Q4) Repair and maintenance costs for manufacturing equipment are product costs.

A)True

B)False

Q5) Define indirect cost.

Page 18

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Chapter 17: Job Order Costing

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Q1) Halcyon,Inc.completed Job 10B last month.The cost details of Job 10B are shown below. \[\begin{array} { | l | r | }

\hline \text { Direct labor cost } & \$ 2,060 \\

\hline \text { Direct materials cost } & \$ 85 \\

\hline \text { Machine hours } & 6 \text { hours } \\

\hline \text { Direct labor hours } & 72 \text { hours } \\

\hline \text { Predetermined overhead allocation rate per direct labor } & \\

\text { hour } & \$ 34 \\

\hline

\end{array}\] Calculate the total job cost for Job 10B.

A)$2,349

B)$4,593

C)$2,145

D)$4,797

Q2) When goods are transferred from the Finished Goods Inventory account to the Cost of Goods Sold account,the product costs move from the balance sheet to the income statement.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Why would the manager of a service company need to use job order costing?

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Chapter 18: Process Costing

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Q1) A production cost report can help managers identify the most profitable products.

A)True

B)False

Q2) The number of equivalent units for direct materials and conversion costs must always be equal.

A)True

B)False

Q3) In a process costing system,costs can be controlled with the aid of a production cost report.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Under process costing,the total production costs incurred in each process must be split between the units that have been completed in that process and transferred to the next process and the ________.

A)Finished Goods Inventory if it is the first process

B)units not completed and remaining in Work-in-Process Inventory for that department

C)Cost of Goods Sold when the units are sold

D)Work-in-Process Inventory of the previous department when there are no sales

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Chapter

19: Cost Management Systems: Activity-Based,

and Quality Management Systems

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Q1) Companies calculate the predetermined overhead rate at the beginning of an accounting period using the actual values of overhead costs.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Which of the following is a disadvantage of a just-in-time management system?

A)It results in a decrease in production space.

B)It increases the inventory cost.

C)The risk of the inventory becoming obsolete is very high.

D)The users of this system sometimes lose sales because of little or no inventory buffers.

Q3) List and briefly discuss three major differences between just-in-time costing (JIT)and traditional costing.

Q4) In the first step in developing an activity-based costing system,the management team must think about how each activity for a product or service might be improved or whether is it necessary at all.

A)True

B)False

Q5) Why is using a single plantwide predetermined overhead allocation rate not always accurate?

21

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Chapter 20: Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis

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Q1) What is the margin of safety? List three ways in which margin of safety can be expressed.

Q2) Which of the following is not an assumption of cost-volume-profit (CVP)analysis?

A)The only factor that affects total costs is a change in volume,which increases or decreases variable and mixed costs.

B)The price per unit does not change as volume changes.

C)Fixed costs do not change.

D)The price per unit changes as volume changes.

Q3) Gainesville Company has provided the following information: \[\begin{array} { | l | r | }

\hline \text { Sales price per unit } & \$ 56 \\

\hline \text { Variable cost per unit } & 12 \\

\hline \text { Fixed costs per month } & \$ 12,000 \\

\hline

\end{array}\] Calculate the contribution margin ratio.(Round your answer to two decimal places. )

A)21.43%

B)82.35%

C)64.71%

D)78.57%

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Chapter 21: Variable Costing

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Q1) Absorption costing is more appropriate when determining the product costs for long-term planning.

A)True

B)False

Q2) In service companies,variable costing can be used for profitability analysis and contribution margin analysis.

A)True

B)False

Q3) When more units are sold than produced,operating income is higher under absorption costing.

A)True

B)False

Q4) The contribution margin for service companies is calculated by subtracting fixed costs from service revenue.

A)True

B)False

Q5) Variable costing prepares the income statement using the traditional format. A)True

B)False

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Chapter 22: Master Budgets

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Q1) The final step in the process of creating the master budget is the preparation of the

A)operating budget

B)budgeted balance sheet

C)budgeted statement of cash flows

D)cash budget

Q2) List the three sections of the cash budget.

Q3) The ________ details how the business expects to go from the beginning cash balance to the desired ending cash balance.

A)capital expenditures budget

B)budgeted income statement

C)cash flow statement

D)cash budget

Q4) Cost behavior is considered in developing the selling and administrative expense budget as costs are designated as variable or fixed.

A)True

B)False

Q5) What is a common method of accessing short-term financing?

Q6) What is the final step in the master budget process?

Page 24

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Chapter 23: Flexible Budgets and Standard Cost Systems

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Q1) When using management by exception,the purchasing manager should be questioned for which of the following variances?

A)direct materials efficiency

B)variable overhead efficiency

C)direct materials cost

D)direct labor efficiency

Q2) The direct materials cost and efficiency variances make up the total direct materials variance.

A)True

B)False

Q3) When evaluating variances,exceptions can be expressed as a percentage of a budgeted amount or a dollar amount.

A)True

B)False

Q4) Fixed overhead volume variance is a flexible budget variance.

A)True

B)False

Q5) Define variance.What is the difference between a favorable and an unfavorable variance?

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Chapter 24: Responsibility Accounting and Performance Evaluation

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Q1) Companies evaluate investment centers using the same measures as the profit centers.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Grady Corporation provides the following financial information: \[\begin{array} { | l | r | }

\hline \text { Minimum acceptable operating income } & \$ 556,600 \\

\hline \text { Average total assets } & \$ 2,000,000 \\

\hline \text { Operating income } & \$ 708,000 \\

\hline \text { Return on investment } & 35.40 \% \\

\hline \text { Net sales } & \$ 900,000 \\

\hline

\end{array}\] Calculate the target rate of return.(Round your answer to two decimal places. )

A)27.83%

B)78.67%

C)35.40%

D)61.84%

Q3) List the two factors that the financial evaluation of investment centers must measure.

Page 26

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Chapter 25: Short-Term Business Decisions

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Q1) A company is a price-taker when ________.

A)it operates in a highly competitive market

B)its product is unique

C)it has considerable flexibility in setting prices of its products

D)it has very high fixed costs

Q2) Todd Corporation produces two products,P and Q.P sells for $7.50 per unit; Q sells for $6.50 per unit.Variable costs for P and Q are $4.00 and $6.00,respectively.There are 7,300 direct labor hours per month available for producing the two products.Product P requires 5.00 direct labor hours per unit,and product Q requires 5.00 direct labor hours per unit.The company can sell as many of either product as it can produce.What is the maximum monthly contribution margin that Todd can generate under the circumstances? (Round to nearest whole dollar. )

A)$5,110

B)$730

C)$25,550

D)$3,650

Q3) A customer of Mason Manufacturing has requested a one-time order at a reduced sales price.Before making the special pricing decision,what are three questions that management of Mason Manufacturing must consider?

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Page 27

Chapter 26: Capital Investment Decisions

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Q1) Which of the following is a capital budgeting method?

A)return on assets

B)net present value

C)inventory turnover

D)return on equity

Q2) Nylan Tiles is considering an investment in new equipment costing $858,000.The equipment will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over a five-year life and is expected to have a residual value of $62,000.The equipment is expected to generate net cash inflows of $1,002,000 in total during the five-year life.What is the accounting rate of return associated with the equipment investment? (Round your answer to two decimal places. )

A)12.36%

B)8.96%

C)45.23%

D)9.34%

Q3) The only difference between the present value and future value of a lump sum is the amount of interest that is earned in the intervening time span.

A)True

B)False

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Chapter 27: Accounting Information Systems

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Q1) In an accounting information system,outputs are the reports used for decision making,which include the financial statements.

A)True

B)False

Q2) Companies are now spending less amounts of cash to ensure that their data and information are secure.

A)True

B)False

Q3) Which of the following is true of a sales journal prepared under the perpetual inventory system?

A)It includes a Cost of Goods Sold DR,Merchandise Inventory CR column.

B)It records both cash and credit sales transactions.

C)All transactions recorded in a sales journal also are entered in the general journal.

D)It cannot be used with a perpetual inventory system.

Q4) An accounting information system has three basic components: source documents and input devices,processing and storage,and internal controls.

A)True

B)False

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