Course Introduction
Exercise Science Test Questions
Exercise Science explores the scientific principles underlying human movement, fitness, and physical activity. This course examines the physiological, biomechanical, and psychological aspects of exercise, providing students with foundational knowledge in anatomy, kinesiology, exercise physiology, nutrition, and health promotion. Through both theoretical concepts and practical applications, students learn how the body responds and adapts to physical activity, how to assess physical fitness, and how to develop safe and effective exercise programs for diverse populations. The course also addresses current trends, research, and ethical considerations in the field of exercise science.
Recommended Textbook
Human Motor Control 2nd Edition by
David A. Rosenbaum
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12 Chapters
230 Verified Questions
230 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Oculo-motor control is
A) The control of walking, running, and other forms of locomotion
B) The control of smiling, laughing, hiccupping, and other oral forms of behavior
C) The control of speech
D) The control of eye movements
Answer: D
Q2) Researchers in the field of human motor control consider variability of performance in tasks like aiming for a target to be
A) Inevitable
B) Bad and something to avoid at all costs
C) Something that cannot be analyzed
D) Both b and c
Answer: A
Q3) Developing an understanding of human motor control can benefit
A) Sports
B) The arts
C) The home and the workplace
D) All of the above
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Core Problems
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20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Relying on mechanics may help solve the degrees of freedom problem because A) Mechanics know how to fix cars
B) Mechanics is a branch of physics
C) Mechanical features of the body and external environment may make it unnecessary to control some variables related to movement and stability
D) No other method helps solve the degrees of freedom problem
Answer: C
Q2) When people pick up a standing toilet plunger and move it to a new position, the result that demonstrates anticipation of their future position is that
A) They grasp the plunger low when they bring it to a high location and they grasp the plunger high when they bring it to a low location
B) They grasp the plunger high when they bring it to a high location and they grasp the plunger low when they bring it to a low location
C) They grasp the plunger at the same location all the time
D) None of the above
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Physiological Foundations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most basic element of motor control is
A) A motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates, also known as a motor unit
B) A motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates, also known as a reflex arc
C) A motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates, also known as a long loop
D) None of the above
Answer: A
Q2) Contrary to the servo theory of muscle activation,
A) Intrafusal muscle fibers are generally activated before extrafusal muscle fibers are activated
B) Intrafusal muscle fibers and extrafusal muscle fibers are not really distinguishable
C) Intrafusal muscle fibers and extrafusal muscle fibers are generally activated simultaneously
D) Servo mechanisms are no longer thought to play any role in motor control
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Psychological Foundations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Memory codes are
A) Sequences of dots and dashes that form chunks
B) Sequences of dots and dashes that never form chunks, so they remain forever expressed in a mysterious code
C) Distinct forms of representation such as sounds, sights, or smells associated with memories
D) Rules for imitation
Q2) Buffers hold information
A) For more time than short-term memory does
B) For more time than long-term memory does
C) For less time than long-term memory does
D) For the same amount of time that short-term memory does and that long-term memory does
Q3) People indicate their first awareness of an intention to carry out a voluntary action
A) Before relevant brain activity suggests the intention has formed
B) After relevant brain activity suggests the intention has formed
C) When the relevant brain activity suggests the intention has formed
D) This experiment has never been done
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Chapter 5: Walking
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Sample Questions
Q1) Babies between 2 and 8 months can
A) Step as well on land as in water, consistent with a physical account of the disappearance of stepping during this age range
B) Step better in water than in land, consistent with a cognitive account of the disappearance of stepping during this age range
C) Step better in water than in land, consistent with a physical account of the disappearance of stepping during this age range
D) None of the above
Q2) The reason humans switch from walking to running when they locomote at speeds exceeding 2.5 m/s is that
A) All animals use a variety of gaits
B) This is how they were taught to control gait
C) Walking at rates exceeding 2.5 m/s would require that one fall more quickly than gravity permits
D) Walking at rates exceeding 2.5 m/s would require that one fall more slowly than gravity permits
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Chapter 6: Looking
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Sample Questions
Q1) Outflow theory says
A) Efferent commands flow out from motor neurons
B) Afferent commands flow out from sensory receptors
C) Copies of efferent commands are used to cancel perceptual inputs
D) Copies of afferent signals are used to cancel perceptual inputs
Q2) Each gaze direction has a unique pitch, roll, and yaw of the eyeball. This principle is known as
A) Efferent Copy
B) Listing's Law
C) Donders' Law
D) None of the above
Q3) The labyrinths of the inner ear play a critical role in
A) Coordinative structures
B) Optokinetic nystagmus
C) The vestibular-ocular reflex VOR
D) Maze learning
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Chapter 7: Reaching
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Sample Questions
Q1) The best way to help people adapt to inverting lenses is to
A) Use passive manipulation
B) Use active exploration
C) Use the "what" system
D) Cheer them on
Q2) Changing the size of an object to be grasped typically affects
A) The transport phase as well as the grasp phase
B) The transport phase but not the grasp phase
C) The grasp phase but not the transport phase
D) Neither the transport phase nor the grasp phase
Q3) Which result is the usual one concerning eye-hand coordination?
A) The eye and hand land on the target simultaneously
B) The hand lands on the target before the eye does
C) The eye lands on the target before the hand does
D) The data are too variable to draw any conclusions
Q4) Fitts' Law has been explained at different points in history with
A) The iterative corrections model
B) The impulse variability model
C) The optimized initial impulse model
D) All of the above
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Drawing and Writing
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Sample Questions
Q1) When moving the hand from one target to another, people tend to
A) Make relatively straight lines and tend to maximize the mean squared rate of change of acceleration
B) Make relatively straight lines and tend to minimize the mean squared rate of change of acceleration
C) Make highly curved lines and tend to maximize the mean squared rate of change of acceleration
D) Make highly curved lines and tend to minimize the mean squared rate of change of acceleration
Q2) The chapter on Drawing and Writing indicated that areas of uncertainty in this area of study are
A) Whether coupled oscillators or jerk minimization account for the Two-Third Power Law
B) How personality is expressed in writing and drawing
C) How genetic factors shape writing and drawing
D) All of the above
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10
Chapter 9: Keyboarding
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Sample Questions
Q1) The textbook described a study by Summers 1975 which showed that after people learned to produce a sequence of keystrokes with a particular slow rhythm, they could not easily escape that rhythm when they tried to produce the same sequence as quickly as possible. The interpretation of this result offered in the textbook was that
A) The timing of a sequence of keystrokes becomes an integral part of the memory for the sequence
B) The timing of a sequence of keystrokes is independent of the memory for the sequence
C) Participants in this study suffered from response-response compatibility
D) Participants in this study benefited from response-response compatibility
Q2) The eye-hand span for typing is
A) About 16 inches
B) About 12 inches
C) About 8 inches
D) None of the above
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11
Chapter 10: Speaking and Singing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which finding inspires the belief that inhalation is affected by planning?
A) Timing of the activity of the diaphragm and external intercostals is affected by muscle feedback about the volume and change of volume of the lungs
B) Experienced singers regulate the amount of air they inhale and the speed with which they do so depending on the length and loudness of the phrase they are about to sing
C) The internal intercostals do not contract until the lungs have also begun to contract, thereby taking advantage of the inertia of lung contraction
D) None of the above
Q2) Speech spectrograms, which make speech "visible,"
A) Do not show what acoustic properties define phonemes
B) Show clearly what acoustic properties define phonemes
C) Only show what acoustic properties define phonemes when speakers articulate clearly
D) Only show what acoustic properties define phonemes when speakers speak Mandarin Chinese
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Chapter 11: Smiling
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is correct?
A) The right side of the face is usually more animated than the left because the left cerebral hemisphere usually has a greater inhibitory effect on the face than does the right cerebral hemisphere.
B) The right side of the face is usually more animated than the left because the right cerebral hemisphere usually has a greater inhibitory effect on the face than does the left cerebral hemisphere.
C) The left side of the face is usually more animated than the right because the left cerebral hemisphere usually has a greater inhibitory effect on the face than does the right cerebral hemisphere
D) The left side of the face is usually more animated than the right because the right cerebral hemisphere usually has a greater inhibitory effect on the face than does the left cerebral hemisphere.
Q2) The shortest established duration for a facial expression is
A) 2 s
B) 1 s
C) .5 s
D) 40 ms
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Chapter 12: Moving on
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the dynamical systems approach to human motor control, the aim is to
A) Flesh out the physical underpinnings of the motor so surgeons will have better methods
B) Develop the most dynamic methods possible for teaching skills
C) Identify equations that provide abstract description of the time-varying properties of behavior
D) Replace old-fashioned physics with new, more chaotic approaches
Q2) Trichotillomania, a psychiatric condition in which afflicted individuals compulsively pull out their own hair, is of special interest for future research in human motor control because
A) Movement data from bald people are probably less hairy than movement data from hairy people
B) A genetic mutation has been found to underlie trichotillomania
C) The hand and finger movements of trichotillomaniacs are probably no different from those of other people
D) a and c
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