Exercise Science Practice Questions
Course Introduction
Exercise Science is an interdisciplinary field that examines the physiological, biomechanical, and psychological principles underlying physical activity, exercise, and sports performance. The course introduces students to foundational concepts such as anatomy, kinesiology, nutrition, exercise physiology, and motor behavior, emphasizing the impact of physical activity on health, fitness, and disease prevention. Students explore evidence-based practices for designing, implementing, and evaluating exercise programs for diverse populations, preparing for careers in fitness, rehabilitation, and sports science, as well as further studies in allied health professions.
Recommended Textbook
Human Motor Control 2nd Edition by
David A. Rosenbaum
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12 Chapters
230 Verified Questions
230 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Excluding the computational level of description from the study of human motor control would result, primarily, in the exclusion of
A) Neurophysiology
B) Robotics
C) Human factors
D) None of the above
Answer: B
Q2) According to the modularity hypothesis as applied to human motor control, one would expect
A) Researchers in this field to take a modern perspective
B) Researchers in this field to take a post-modern perspective
C) Researchers in this field to take a modest perspective
D) Researchers in this field to allow that at least some motor functions are carried out by specialized modules
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Core Problems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Core Problems chapter described research findings from flies, fish, monkeys, and humans. Seeing common principles exemplified in these species can be taken to suggest that
A) Human motor control relies on principles that probably evolved in the animal kingdom
B) Similar neural mechanisms are likely to underlie human motor control and animal motor control
C) Similar perceptual-motor challenges are likely to confront humans and animals
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Q2) Relying on mechanics may help solve the degrees of freedom problem because A) Mechanics know how to fix cars
B) Mechanics is a branch of physics
C) Mechanical features of the body and external environment may make it unnecessary to control some variables related to movement and stability
D) No other method helps solve the degrees of freedom problem
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Physiological Foundations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The method used to obtain the Hoffman or H reflex is to
A) Obtain functional magnetic resonance images fMRIs
B) Legion the corpus callosum
C) Legion regions where epileptic attacks originate
D) Stimulate sensory nerves and record the immediately ensuing electromyographic EMG activity, particularly when the participant is in different preparatory states
Answer: D
Q2) Within the motor cortex
A) Neighboring regions of the body are represented by neighboring regions
B) Some regions of the body are more amply represented than other regions
C) Both a and b
D) Neither force nor direction of movement are represented
Answer: C
Q3) Ataxia is
A) The inability to control attacks
B) The inability to perform calculations
C) Poor balance, typically because of damage to the supplementary motor cortex
D) Poor balance, typically because of damage to the cerebellum
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Psychological Foundations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Directing a great deal of attention to a task
A) Tends to help it early in practice and tends to help it late in practice
B) Tends to help it early in practice and tends to hurt it late in practice
C) Tends to hurt it early in practice and tends to hurt it late in practice
D) Tends to hurt it early in practice and tends to help it late in practice
Q2) The response chaining theory of sequencing has the following problem or problems
A) Successive movements often occur too quickly for any one movement to be elicited by sensory feedback from the preceding movement.
B) The same output can be followed by different outputs on different occasions.
C) Interrupting sensory feedback does not always interrupt movement.
D) All of the above
Q3) The hierarchical theory of sequencing provides a basis for explaining which phenomenon that the response chaining theory, element-to-position theory, and inter-element inhibition theory do not?
A) Supervisory behavior
B) Slavish behavior
C) Rule-governed behavior
D) All of the above
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6
Chapter 5: Walking
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Sample Questions
Q1) As discussed in the Walking chapter,
A) EMGs in APAs benefit movement and stability
B) EMGs in APAs benefit movement but not stability
C) EMGs in APAs benefit stability but not movement
D) EMGs in APAs benefit neither movement nor stability
Q2) Variability of footfall positions as runners approach a jump board in long jumping increase and then decrease. This outcome has been taken to suggest that
A) Runners rely on visual feedback less and less as they approach the jump board
B) Runners rely on visual feedback more and more as they approach the jump board
C) Runners rely on visual feedback less and then more as they approach the jump board
D) Runners rely on visual feedback more and then less as they approach the jump board
Q3) As more visual guidance is required in walking, the activity of neurons in the cortico-spinal tract
A) Remains the same
B) Increases
C) Decreases
D) Has yet to be studied
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Chapter 6: Looking
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Sample Questions
Q1) Saccades
A) Are always straight
B) Are always curved
C) Are mostly straight but can be curved when visual targets are moved experimentally while initial saccades are under way
D) Are straight or curved depending on how bright the surroundings are
Q2) As concerns the eye, drifts, tremors, and microsaccades
A) Are miniature eye movements, all of which are voluntary
B) Are miniature eye movements, some of which are voluntary
C) Are miniature eye movements, none of which is voluntary
D) Are all signs of syphilis
Q3) Outflow theory says
A) Efferent commands flow out from motor neurons
B) Afferent commands flow out from sensory receptors
C) Copies of efferent commands are used to cancel perceptual inputs
D) Copies of afferent signals are used to cancel perceptual inputs
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8
Chapter 7: Reaching
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which two events tend to coincide during reaching and grasping?
A) Maximal finger widening and start of the slow-approach phase
B) Maximal finger widening and end of the slow-approach phase
C) Minimal finger widening and start of the slow-approach phase
D) Minimal finger widening and end of the slow-approach phase
Q2) In tasks involving finger movements, it has been found, even in patients lacking sensory feedback from their fingers, that
A) Distance reproduction is as good as location reproduction
B) Distance reproduction is better than location reproduction
C) Distance reproduction is worse than location reproduction
D) No reproduction is ever possible
Q3) Fitts' Law has been explained at different points in history with
A) The iterative corrections model
B) The impulse variability model
C) The optimized initial impulse model
D) All of the above
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9
Chapter 8: Drawing and Writing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Coupled oscillator models of writing and drawing fail to account for the fact that A) Writing and drawing can be coupled
B) Writing and drawing show features consistent with rate scaling
C) Writing and drawing can be decomposed into movements on orthogonal independent) axes
D) Writing speed depends on context effects, whether successive letters are the same or not
Q2) When moving the hand from one target to another, people tend to
A) Make relatively straight lines and tend to maximize the mean squared rate of change of acceleration
B) Make relatively straight lines and tend to minimize the mean squared rate of change of acceleration
C) Make highly curved lines and tend to maximize the mean squared rate of change of acceleration
D) Make highly curved lines and tend to minimize the mean squared rate of change of acceleration
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Chapter 9: Keyboarding
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Sample Questions
Q1) The textbook described a study by Summers 1975 which showed that after people learned to produce a sequence of keystrokes with a particular slow rhythm, they could not easily escape that rhythm when they tried to produce the same sequence as quickly as possible. The interpretation of this result offered in the textbook was that
A) The timing of a sequence of keystrokes becomes an integral part of the memory for the sequence
B) The timing of a sequence of keystrokes is independent of the memory for the sequence
C) Participants in this study suffered from response-response compatibility
D) Participants in this study benefited from response-response compatibility
Q2) The control of downbeats in musical performance may, but do not necessarily have to, reflect
A) Simple reactions
B) Choice reactions
C) Hierarchical timekeeping
D) Linear timekeeping
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Chapter 10: Speaking and Singing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these statements is true?
A) Different vowels are produced by varying manners of articulation ways of constricting the air stream in the oral cavity and places of articulation locations where the air stream is constricted. Motor delays
B) Different vowels are produced by varying places of articulation ways of constricting the air stream in the oral cavity and manners of articulation locations where the air stream is constricted.
C) Different consonants are produced by varying manners of articulation ways of constricting the air stream in the oral cavity and places of articulation locations where the air stream is constricted
D) Different consonants are produced by varying places of articulation ways of constricting the air stream in the oral cavity and manners of articulation locations where the air stream is constricted.
Q2) The difference between the sound of "v" and "f" is attributable to
A) Vibration of the vocal folds in "v" but not in "f"
B) Vibration of the vocal folds in "f" but not in "v"
C) Closing of the velum in "v" but not in "f"
D) Closing of the velum in "f" but not in "v"
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Chapter 11: Smiling
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Sample Questions
Q1) The zygomatic major muscle is responsible for which expression?
A) Smiling
B) Frowning
C) Looking scared
D) Looking surprised
Q2) Based on the finding that people everywhere exhibit the same expressions for the same emotions, it has been claimed that there is a genetic basis for the link between emotion and expression. Bolstering this claim further,
A) Infants grimace when exposed to painful stimuli
B) Infants smile when exposed to pleasant stimuli
C) Infants cry for unexplained reasons
D) a and b
Q3) The upper face can move
A) Up and down but not from side to side
B) From side to side but not up and down
C) Up and to the left but not down or to the right
D) Down and to the right but not up or to the left
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Chapter 12: Moving on
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Sample Questions
Q1) When individuals pick up and carry an object from one position to another while walking, their handpath trajectories tend to be
A) Simple in extrinsic, spatial coordinates but complex in intrinsic, joint-based coordinates
B) Simple in intrinsic, joint-based spatial coordinates but complex in extrinsic, spatial coordinates.
C) Simple in extrinsic, joint-based coordinates but complex in intrinsic, spatial coordinates.
D) Simple in intrinsic, spatial coordinates but complex in extrinsic, joint-based coordinates.
Q2) When people count objects, they feel compelled to point at the objects. This tendency illustrates the principle of
A) Moving with others
B) Response-response compatibility
C) Stimulus-response compatibility
D) Enactive cognition
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