Exercise Science Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Exercise Science is the study of how the human body responds, adapts, and performs during physical activity and exercise. This course explores the physiological, biomechanical, and psychological principles that underpin human movement, physical fitness, and health. Topics include anatomy, nutrition, exercise physiology, motor learning, biomechanics, and methods of assessing fitness and performance. Students will gain an understanding of how to design and implement exercise programs for diverse populations, promote healthy lifestyles, prevent injuries, and enhance athletic performance. Through a combination of theory and practical application, Exercise Science prepares students for careers in fitness, sports, rehabilitation, and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Anatomy and Physiology An Integrative Approach 2nd Edition by McKinley
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Chapter 1: The Sciences of Anatomy and Physiology
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128 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the positions of the thumbs and the palms of the hands in the anatomic position.
Answer: Thumbs point out,palms face forward.
Q2) Both anatomists and physiologists are aware that form and function are interrelated.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) These figures show a frontal view of the abdominopelvic cavities.Which number indicates the left iliac region
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5 Answer: D
Q4) The mediastinum is within the ventral cavity.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Atoms,Ions,and Molecules
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Sample Questions
Q1) Within DNA,adenine makes hydrogen bonds with thymine,and guanine makes hydrogen bonds with cytosine.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) An element's atomic number is determined by the number of __________ in one atom of that element.
A)protons
B)nuclei
C)electrons
D)neutrons
E)atomic mass units
Answer: A
Q3) The three forms of matter are
A)air,water,and solids.
B)solids,liquids,and gases.
C)blood,bone,and air.
D)vapor,water,and solid.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Energy,Chemical Reactions,and Cellular
Respiration
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Sample Questions
Q1) The presence of an enzyme within a chemical system
A)increases activation energy.
B)decreases activation energy.
C)increases potential energy.
D)does not affect either activation energy or potential energy.
Answer: B
Q2) To prevent depletion of a substrate,the product of a metabolic pathway will
A)turn off an enzyme early in the pathway.
B)catalyze its own production.
C)increase enzyme activity through positive feedback.
D)occupy the active site of an enzyme early in the pathway.
Answer: A
Q3) The more common way that ATP is produced in cells is
A)the indirect pathway known as oxidative phosphorylation.
B)the indirect pathway known as substrate-level phosphorylation.
C)the direct pathway known as oxidative phosphorylation.
D)the direct pathway known as substrate-level phosphorylation.
Answer: A
Q4) The energy of motion is known as _________ energy. Answer: kinetic
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Chapter 4: Biology of the Cell
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Sample Questions
Q1) Movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to one where it is less concentrated is known as
A)equilibrium.
B)active transport.
C)diffusion.
D)facilitation.
E)selective transport.
Q2) Physiological saline contains the same concentration of solutes as the inside of a cell,and it is therefore a(n)__________ solution.
Q3) Lysosome functions range from the digestion of materials ingested by the cell to the self-destruction of the cell.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Diffusion rate is fastest when the concentration gradient is
A)steepest and temperature is highest.
B)steepest and temperature is at body temperature.
C)slightest and temperature is highest.
D)slightest and temperature is at body temperature.
E)slightest and temperature is lowest.
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Chapter 5: Tissue Organization
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Sample Questions
Q1) A tissue transplant from an animal to a human is a(n)
A)autograft.
B)syngenetic graft.
C)allograft.
D)heterograft.
E)homograft.
Q2) The type of epithelium that lines the urinary bladder and may include some binucleated cells is called ____________ epithelium.
A)stratified squamous nonkeratinized
B)stratified squamous keratinized
C)pseudostratified
D)transitional
E)simple squamous
Q3) In serving their roles as gatekeepers,epithelial tissues demonstrate selective __________.
Q4) The type of tissue that helps mechanically mix materials within the digestive system organs is ________ muscle.or or
Q5) Describe three functions of connective tissue and provide an example for each.
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Chapter 6: Integumentary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Keratinocytes are
A)the most abundant cell type in the epidermis.
B)found throughout all epidermal strata.
C)sometimes alive and sometimes dead,depending on where they are found.
D)able to synthesize the protein keratin.
E)All of the choices are correct.
Q2) The skin's immune responsiveness will be diminished by a decrease in the number of epidermal _________ cells.or
Q3) Which type of hair forms the beard on the faces of males
A)Terminal
B)Lanugo
C)Vellus
D)Nonpigmented
E)Pilus
Q4) Nails,hair,and sweat and sebaceous glands are all derived from the epidermis.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Sebaceous glands discharge an oily,waxy secretion called _______.
Q6) What types of stimuli are detected by the skin's sensory receptors
Q7) The mammary glands of the breasts are modified ______ sweat glands.
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Chapter 7: Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) What helps bone resist compression
A)Yellow bone marrow
B)Reticular fibers
C)Inorganic salts
D)Red bone marrow
E)Endosteum
Q2) In general,the mechanical stresses on bones that result from exercise tend to weaken them and lead to more frequent fractures.
A)True
B)False
Q3) During appositional growth of cartilage,the cells that produce the matrix are the A)chondrocytes.
B)osteocytes.
C)fibroblasts.
D)chondroblasts.
E)osteoblasts.
Q4) Chondrocytes occupy spaces in the matrix called _________.
Q5) Blood vessels enter the diaphysis of a long bone through an opening called the _________ foramen.
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Chapter 8: Skeletal System: Axial and Appendicular
Skeleton
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Sample Questions
Q1) The medial longitudinal arch prevents the medial side of the foot from touching the ground.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The apical ectodermal ridge
A)forms at the proximal end of each limb bud.
B)plays a role in differentiation and elongation of the limb.
C)ossifies prior to formation of the hand and foot plates.
D)must undergo apoptosis before the limb can develop.
E)secretes mesoderm for muscle formation.
Q3) Which does not contribute to the pelvic brim
A)Arcuate line
B)Sacral promontory
C)Pubic crest
D)Gluteal line
E)Pectineal line
Q4) Which is the highest of the three arches of the foot
A)The transverse arch
B)The medial longitudinal arch
C)The lateral longitudinal arch
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Chapter 9: Skeletal System: Articulations
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a first-class lever
A)the fulcrum is in the middle,between the effort and the resistance.
B)the resistance is between the fulcrum and the effort.
C)the effort is between the resistance and the fulcrum.
D)there is no effort arm.
Q2) This figure shows the temporomandibular joint.Which number indicates the articular capsule
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)None of the choices is correct.
Q3) In general,the movements demonstrated at plane joints between the carpals are A)rotations.
B)gliding movements.
C)flexions and extensions.
D)circumductions.
E)pivots.
Q4) At the knee,a bone called the ____________ is embedded within the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle.
11
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Chapter 10: Muscle Tissue
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the hierarchy of skeletal muscle fiber components,the myofibril is made up of myofilaments.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The electron transport system refers to oxidative phophorylation using the coenzymes FADH<sub>2</sub>and _______.
Q3) The vascular supply to slow-twitch muscle fibers is ______ the network of capillaries around fast-twitch muscle fibers.
A)more extensive than B)less extensive than C)the same as that of
Q4) One feature that helps provide fast energy to a muscle cell is the presence of granules containing the complex carbohydrate
A)creatine phosphate.
B)myoglobin.
C)glycogen.
D)nebulin.
E)hemoglobin.
Q5) The _____________ is the connective tissue covering of a fascicle.
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Chapter 11: Muscular System: Axial and Appendicular
Muscles
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Sample Questions
Q1) Muscles that protract the scapula would be ________ thoracic muscles.
A)anterior
B)posterior
Q2) The __________ muscles of the foot both originate and insert within the foot.
A)intrinsic
B)extrinsic
C)intrinsic and extrinsic
Q3) This figure shows the muscles of respiration.What muscle does number 2 indicate
A)External intercostal
B)Internal intercostal
C)Scalene
D)Diaphragm
E)Transversus thoracis
Q4) A condition in which a portion of the viscera protrudes through a weakened point of the muscular wall of the abdominopelvic cavity is known as a hernia.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The pelvic diaphragm supports the pelvic viscera.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Nervous System: Nervous Tissue
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Sample Questions
Q1) Saltatory conduction of a nerve impulse occurs only along myelinated axons.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Negatively charged protein molecules are more prevalent within a neuron's cytosol than in the interstitial fluid.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When a nerve impulse reaches the transmissive segment of a neuron,
A)calcium is pumped into the neuron and neurotransmitter diffuses out through channels.
B)calcium is released from the neuron along with neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles.
C)calcium diffuses into the neuron and neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis.
D)calcium and neurotransmitter diffuse into the synaptic knob.
E)calcium is immediately pumped out of the neuron and vesicles of neurotransmitter undergo phagocytosis.
Q4) Chemical synapses are more common than electrical synapses.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Nervous System: Brain and Cranial Nerves
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Sample Questions
Q1) A football player can hear his coach's voice above the noise of the crowd and can sense an opponent about to run him down.These abilities are due to the action of what part of the brain
A)Hypothalamus
B)Epithalamus
C)Thalamus
D)Pineal body
E)Pons
Q2) Clusters of gray matter that contain neuron cell bodies and lie within masses of white matter are the
A)cortex.
B)cerebral ganglia.
C)cerebral nuclei.
D)cerebral peduncles.
E)ventricles.
Q3) Non-REM sleep
A)comprises most of our sleep time.
B)is characterized by movements of the eyes.
C)is where we have our most memorable dreams.
D)is a time when the brain is very active.
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Chapter 14: Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
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Sample Questions
Q1) The innermost of the meninges is the pia mater.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The plexus that supplies the upper limbs is the _________ plexus.
A)cervical
B)brachial
C)bronchiole
D)lumbar
E)sciatic
Q3) Which are not spinal nerve branches
A)Rami communicantes
B)Posterior rami
C)Anterior rami
D)Lateral rami
Q4) The axons of primary sensory neurons make synaptic connections with
A)posterior root ganglia of spinal nerves.
B)secondary neurons in the CNS.
C)secondary neurons in the PNS.
D)thalamic neurons.
Q5) A specific segment of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve is a ___________.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) An axon takes the ______ nerve pathway if a preganglionic neuron synapses with a ganglionic neuron in a sympathetic trunk ganglion.
Q2) The abdominal _______ plexus consists of the celiac plexus,superior mesenteric plexus,and inferior mesenteric plexus.
Q3) Which statements are correct concerning the parasympathetic division of the ANS
A: Contains preganglionic cell bodies in brainstem nuclei
B: Contains preganglionic cell bodies in the lateral horns of the T1-L2 regions
C: Participates in the "fight-or-flight" response
D: Helps maintain homeostasis
E: Contains preganglionic cell bodies in the sacral region of the spinal cord
A)a,d,e
B)a,c,e
C)b,c,d
D)b,c
E)c,d,e
Q4) The sympathetic preganglionic neuron cell bodies are housed in the _______ horn of the appropriate thoracolumbar regions of the spinal cord.
Q5) White rami appear white in color due to the fact that they are ___________.
Q6) The second neuron in an autonomic pathway is called a _________ neuron.
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Chapter 16: Nervous System: Senses
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Sample Questions
Q1) As middle-aged persons get older,the lenses of their eyes no longer assume as round a shape when their ligaments slacken.This results in difficulty in
A)seeing nearby objects.
B)seeing distant objects.
C)seeing colored objects.
D)seeing low-contrast scenes.
Q2) Stimulation of olfactory receptor cells involves activation of G-protein molecules inside them.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Because numerous cutaneous and visceral sensory neurons conduct signals on _______ ascending tracts of the spinal cord,the brain sometimes falsely localizes the location of a pain stimulus.
A)the same
B)very different
Q4) Visual pathways include axons that project from the optic tracts to the superior colliculi.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Endocrine System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone is secreted by the
A)hypothalamus and it increases release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary.
B)hypothalamus and it increases release of thyroid-stimulating hormone from the posterior pituitary.
C)anterior pituitary and it increases release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland.
D)parathyroid hormone and it increases release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland.
E)thymus and it increases release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland.
Q2) Aldosterone release can be triggered by the presence of the blood-borne messenger angiotensin II or by low levels of sodium,and so its secretion regulation is said to be
A)purely neural.
B)both hormonal and humoral.
C)both antagonistic and synergistic.
D)both neural and synergistic.
E)purely hormonal.
Q3) Modified amino acids that act as hormones are referred to as ________ amines.
Q4) Alpha cells of the pancreas secrete the hormone _________.
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Chapter 18: Cardiovascular System: Blood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain how the body tries to maintain enough blood pressure to keep the most vital organs functioning after a catastrophic loss of over 10% of total blood volume.
Q2) The globulins make up about ________ percent of all plasma proteins.
A)58
B)37
C)4
D)1
E)85
Q3) The iron of the heme unit of hemoglobin is transported in the blood by the protein _________________ after the aged erythrocytes are phagocytized.
Q4) Surface antigens found on erythrocytes are also called _____________ based on the response initiated when they interact with antibodies.
Q5) Which clotting pathway involves more steps and takes more time (approximately 5 minutes)
A)The intrinsic pathway
B)The extrinsic pathway
Q6) A reduced number of leukocytes causes a serious disorder called ____________.
Q7) __________ are the most numerous type of leukocyte in the blood.
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Cardiovascular System: Heart
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which are differences between cardiac muscle tissue and skeletal muscle tissue
A: The sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac muscle is less extensive.
B: The sarcoplasmic reticulum in cardiac muscle is more organized.
C: Cardiac muscle has intercalated discs;skeletal muscle does not.
D: Cardiac muscle has 1 or 2 nuclei per cell;skeletal muscle has multiple nuclei per cell.
E: Cardiac muscle has more well-defined terminal cisternae.
A)a,c,d
B)a,c,e
C)b,c,e
D)a,b,e
E)b,d,e
Q2) As with action potentials in other types of cells,the repolarization of cardiac muscle cells involves the
A)entrance of calcium through voltage-gated channels.
B)exit of potassium through voltage-gated channels.
C)entrance of sodium through voltage-gated channels.
D)binding of ACh to ACh receptor.
E)simultaneous closure of sodium channels and opening of calcium channels.
Q3) The beginning of contraction in the ventricles is called _________ _________.
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Chapter 20: Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Systolic blood pressure is recorded
A)in arteries and is the minimum pressure that is recorded during ventricular relaxation.
B)in arteries and is the maximal pressure that is recorded during ventricular contraction.
C)in veins and is the maximal pressure recorded during atrial contraction.
D)in veins and is the minimum pressure recorded during atrial relaxation.
E)in both arteries and veins and is the maximum pressure recorded during diastole of the heart.
Q2) Concerning the exchange between blood and interstitial fluid at systemic capillaries,
A)more fluid is absorbed and reabsorbed than is filtered.
B)more fluid is filtered than reabsorbed.
C)the fluid reabsorbed into the capillary exactly matches the amount filtered by the capillary.
Q3) The contraction of skeletal muscles plays an important role in the movement of blood in the veins.
A)True
B)False
Q4) _________________ capillaries have pores within each endothelial cell.
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Chapter 21: Lymphatic System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is not correct regarding lymph nodes
A)They are covered by a connective tissue capsule.
B)They contain a network of lymphatic sinuses.
C)Each node has an outer cortex and inner medulla.
D)Connective tissue bands called tendineae divide nodes.
E)Lymphatic nodules produce lymphocytes.
Q2) Old or defective erythrocytes and platelets are engulfed within the lymph organ known as the ________.
Q3) One of the functions of the lymphatic system is to transport fat.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Like veins,lymphatic vessels rely on skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps to help propel fluid through them.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Tonsils are secondary lymphatic structures.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The letter "T" within "T-lymphocytes" stands for the _________.or
Q7) Lymph from the head and neck is drained by the _________ trunks.
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Chapter 22: Immune System and the Bodys Defense
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Sample Questions
Q1) A virus is ______ than a bacterial cell,and a virus is composed of a
A)larger;nucleic acid within a protein capsid.
B)larger;eukaryotic cell with a cell wall.
C)smaller;nucleic acid within a protein capsid.
D)smaller;eukaryotic cell with a cell wall.
Q2) Cytokines are agents that affect neighboring cells without triggering systemic effects.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In addition to creating a physical barrier to pathogen entry,mucus contains antimicrobial substances such as IgA.
A)True
B)False
Q4) MHC class I molecules on a cell allow it to interact with
A)natural killer cells.
B)cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
C)helper T-lymphocytes.
D)CD8<sup>+</sup>B-lymphocytes.
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Chapter 23: Respiratory System
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Sample Questions
Q1) About 70% of the CO<sub>2</sub>that diffuses into systemic capillaries
A)directly dissolves in the plasma.
B)combines with water to form carbonic acid,which then dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions.
C)binds to hemoglobin.
D)forms carbonic anhydrase,which combines carbonic acid and water to solubilize the CO<sub>2</sub>.
Q2) Several things happen to inhaled air in a process called conditioning.Select the exception.
A)The air is cooled.
B)The air is humidified.
C)The air is cleansed.
D)The air is moistened.
E)The air becomes turbulent.
Q3) What changes in the blood levels of respiratory gases result from hyperventilation
A)Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels rise.
B)Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels fall.
C)Oxygen levels rise and carbon dioxide levels fall.
D)Oxygen levels do not change but carbon dioxide levels fall.
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Chapter 24: Urinary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Proteins that are recaptured from tubular fluid are transported into the luminal membrane by way of A)diffusion.
B)pinocytosis.
C)secondary active transport with a symporter.
D)primary active transport with a protein pump.
E)facilitated diffusion with a carrier.
Q2) This figure shows a renal corpuscle.The two structures indicated by numbers 3 and 4 collectively form the A)macula densa.
B)juxtaglomerular apparatus.
C)corticomedullary junction.
D)juxtamedullary junction.
E)vasa recta.
Q3) Which accurately describes the handling of urea by the kidney
A)All of the urea that reaches the kidney is excreted in the urine.
B)About half of the urea that is filtered is excreted in the urine.
C)None of the urea that reaches the kidney is excreted in the urine.
Q4) Each kidney contains more than a million "functional units" called ___________.
Q5) The ball of capillaries in the renal corpuscle is called the ________________.
Page 26
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Chapter 25: Fluid and Electrolytes
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Sample Questions
Q1) Insulin causes blood plasma levels of potassium to ________ by _______ activity of the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>pumps.
A)increase;stimulating B)increase;inhibiting C)decrease;stimulating D)decrease;inhibiting
Q2) Collectively,the renal and respiratory systems comprise the chemical buffering system of the body.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When the pH of the ECF decreases,K<sup>+</sup>starts to move from the A)ECF to the ICF. B)ICF to the ECF.
Q4) An individual who consumes many antacids for stomach upset and many diuretics for high blood pressure will be at risk for metabolic A)acidosis. B)alkalosis.
Q5) Carbonic acid is referred to as _________ acid because it is produced from a gas that evaporates quickly.
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Chapter 26: Digestive System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the anatomy and physiology of swallowing.Specifically,explain the three phases of swallowing,and how they are controlled.
Q2) Bile salts are A)amphipathic.
B)completely hydrophilic.
C)completely hydrophobic.
Q3) Cholecystokinin decreases stomach motility and inhibits release of gastrin. A)True
B)False
Q4) An enzyme found within saliva is salivary A)pancreatase.
B)nuclease. C)amylase. D)protease. E)pepsin.
Q5) The outer layer of the mucularis of the colon is discontinuous (does not entirely surround the colon),and forms the bundles of smooth muscles known as the teniae coli. A)True B)False
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Chapter 27: Nutrition and Metabolism
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Sample Questions
Q1) Thyroid hormone increases metabolic rate.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An increase in metabolic rate would alter body temperature and trigger a compensatory
A)stimulation of sweat glands and vasoconstriction in blood vessels of the skin.
B)stimulation of sweat glands and vasodilation in blood vessels of the skin.
C)inhibition of sweat glands and vasoconstriction in blood vessels of the skin.
D)inhibition of sweat glands and vasodilation in blood vessels of the skin.
Q3) High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)are associated with the tranport of lipid from the A)liver to periperal tissues.
B)peripheral tissues to the liver.
Q4) Gram for gram,the largest amount of energy can be stored in the body in the form of
A)vitamins.
B)steroids.
C)triglycerides.
D)monosaccharides.
E)polysaccharides.
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Chapter 28: Reproductive System
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146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The structures of the male reproductive tract are
A: ductus deferens
B: urethra
C: epididymis
D: ejaculatory duct
E: ampulla
What is the order in which sperm passes through these structures from the testes to the penis
A)a,b,c,e,d
B)c,a,e,d,b
C)a,c,e,b,d
D)c,a,b,d,e
E)d,a,c,e,b
Q2) A secondary oocyte arrests in
A)prophase I.
B)anaphase II.
C)prophase II.
D)metaphase II.
E)metaphase I.
Q3) The _______________ cells support,nourish,and protect developing sperm cells.
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Chapter 29: Development,Pregnancy,and Heredity
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127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Release of breast milk occurs when the hormone __________ stimulates _________ cells to contract.
A)prolactin;mechanoreceptor
B)oxytocin;myoepithelial
C)estrogen;areolar
D)prolactin;mammary acini
E)oxytocin;suspensory
Q2) During pregnancy,the levels of CRH and aldosterone within a mother's blood decline.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Braxton-Hicks contractions tend to be
A)regular and increasingly frequent as time passes.
B)increasingly intense as time passes.
C)irregularly spaced and do not become more frequent as time passes.
D)regular in timing but relatively weak.
Q4) Presence of hCG in a woman's urine indicates that she is pregnant.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the causes and effects of gastrointestinal ailments during pregnancy.
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