Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing Final Exam
Course Introduction
Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing introduces students to the principles and methodologies of applying current research and best available evidence to clinical decision-making in nursing. The course emphasizes the importance of integrating scientific research, clinical expertise, and patient preferences to optimize health outcomes. Students will learn how to formulate clinical questions, search and appraise scholarly literature, interpret findings, and apply evidence to practice settings. Critical appraisal skills, ethical considerations, and strategies to promote evidence-based changes within healthcare organizations are explored to empower nurses as informed practitioners and leaders in quality care improvement.
Recommended Textbook
Understanding Nursing Research Building an Evidence Based Practice 6th Edition by Grove
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing Research and
Evidence-Based Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) The lead agency designated to improve health care quality is:
A) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).
B) American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC).
C) Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN).
D) National Institute for Nursing Research (NINR).
Answer: A
Q2) The nurse is collecting data about the sleep patterns of breastfed babies as part of a larger research study.Which research method will the nurse use when collecting data for this study?
A) Control
B) Description
C) Explanation
D) Prediction
Answer: B
Q3) Which are components of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)? (Choose all that apply.)
A) Best research evidence
B) Expert opinion consensus
C) Patient needs and values
D) Safe, cost-effective care
Answer: A,C,D
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Chapter 2: Introduction to the Quantitative Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse evaluates a research study that examines the relationship between computer and television screen time and obesity.A correlational analysis reveals a correlation of +0.95.What can the nurse conclude about the relationship between these two variables?
A) An increase in screen time causes obesity.
B) An increase in obesity leads to increased screen time.
C) Screen time and obesity vary in opposite directions.
D) Screen time and obesity vary together.
Answer: D
Q2) A researcher designs a study to evaluate stress and anxiety associated with breastfeeding in which data collection takes place in the homes of mothers with premature newborns after discharge home from the NIC.This would be an example of which type of research setting?
A) Highly controlled, field
B) Highly controlled, laboratory
C) Natural, field
D) Partially controlled, laboratory
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Introduction to the Qualitative Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the purpose of qualitative research?
A) To allow researchers to interject their own values into studies
B) To describe data that cannot be measured or quantified
C) To describe experiences and insight from the subject's perspective
D) To establish causal relationships among subjective data
Answer: C
Q2) A researcher uses film footage to collect data in which type of research?
A) Ethnographic
B) Grounded theory
C) Historical
D) Phenomenological
Answer: C
Q3) A researcher wishes to examine the experiences and feelings of siblings of children who have cancer in order to gain information about this population.Which type of qualitative study method will the researcher use?
A) Ethnographic
B) Exploratory-descriptive
C) Grounded theory
D) Historical
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Examining Ethics in Nursing Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the HIPAA privacy rules,which are covered entities that may use and disclose a limited data set to researchers for study? (Select all that apply)
A) Health plans
B) Health care providers
C) Institutional Review Boards
D) Researchers
Q2) A nurse researcher who wishes to use animals in a research study must include which elements in an animal use protocol? (Select all that apply)
A) Animal living conditions and veterinary care
B) Assurances that animals will be kept alive
C) Justification for the use of animals over humans
D) Procedures to minimize pain and distress
Q3) A researcher combines data from another researcher's study along with data from the reported study in graphs without noting the source of the data.This is an example of:
A) an honest error.
B) fabrication.
C) falsification.
D) plagiarism.
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Chapter 5: Research Problems,Purposes,and Hypotheses
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Sample Questions
Q1) During a study to measure the effects of violent video games on aggressive behavior,the researchers learned that a portion of the subjects lived in homes with one or more alcoholic parents.In this study,the presence of an alcoholic parent is a(n):
A) confounding variable.
B) dependent variable.
C) independent variable.
D) unrecognized variable.
Q2) A nursing researcher determines that there is little information about the use of complementary practices in treating obesity.This represents the research:
A) design.
B) problem.
C) purpose.
D) significance.
Q3) Which is true about an operational variable in quantitative research?
A) It is developed so that the degree of its existence can be measured.
B) It is often derived from a theoretical definition of a related concept.
C) It is specific to the time and setting of the research study.
D) It provides the theoretical meaning of a variable.
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Chapter 6: Understanding and Critically Appraising the Literature Review
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Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher reviews several articles about coping skills among parents of children with chronic illness and notes that half of the studies involved single-parent families.The researcher decides to examine whether coping skills differ in single-parent versus dual-parent households.The researcher is engaging in:
A) analyzing.
B) appraising.
C) evaluating.
D) synthesizing.
Q2) Which type of study is least likely to include a review of the literature prior to initiating the study?
A) Grounded theory
B) Phenomenological
C) Qualitative
D) Quantitative
Q3) When citing sources in a literature review,it is best if the author:
A) paraphrases other authors' ideas.
B) points out any defects in other authors' work.
C) synthesizes the work of a group of authors.
D) uses direct quotations as much as possible.
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Chapter 7: Understanding Theory and Research
Frameworks
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse researcher develops a study to assist patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to lose weight by altering eating patterns.The researcher states,"Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus desire to control weight to gain better glycemic control." This statement is a(n): A) assumption.
B) concept. C) philosophy. D) theory.
Q2) The nurse researcher plans to evaluate self-care and its effects on disease prevention.The nurse identifies various health promotion activities-such as proper diet,exercise,and hours of sleep per night-as components of self-care.In this example,"health promotion" is a: A) concept.
B) construct. C) theory. D) variable.
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Chapter 8: Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs
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Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher develops a 7-point Likert scale to evaluate feelings of well-being in patients who are undergoing chemotherapy.The researcher administers this measure to other,similar patients in other medical centers.This is done in order to:
A) decrease mono-operation bias.
B) improve the test-retest reliability.
C) increase interrater reliability.
D) strengthen the operational definition of constructs.
Q2) A researcher conducts a quasi-experimental study to determine whether there is improved weight gain among premature infants who are fed according to cue-based protocols.The researcher trained neonatal intensive care nurses to apply cue-based feeding to orally fed infants and notes a statistical difference in weight gain between infants fed according to cue-based protocols and those fed according to standard protocols.The reviewer notes that components of cue-based feedings are not clearly identified.This is a threat to:
A) construct validity.
B) external validity.
C) internal validity.
D) statistical conclusion validity.
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Chapter 9: Examining Populations and Samples in Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a study investigating type 2 diabetic patients' ability to make lifestyle changes,the researcher randomly selects a sample from a list of all patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in the United States.The researcher also selects the sample by randomly selecting patients diagnosed for 3 years or longer and those who are newly diagnosed.What sampling technique is used in this study?
A) Cluster
B) Quota
C) Stratified random
D) Systematic
Q2) A researcher begins a study with 250 subjects,and 50 subjects drop out before the study is concluded.The researcher will declare 20% as the sample:
A) acceptance rate.
B) attrition rate.
C) refusal rate.
D) retention rate.
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Chapter 10: Clarifying Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) What type of information is typically found in an administrative database?
A) Data collected for a specific research study
B) Demographic information about a population
C) Journal accounts of subjects' responses to surveys
D) Statistical results of experimental studies
Q2) A researcher may use which strategy to reduce the potential for measurement error when evaluating obesity in study subjects?
A) Measure weight, abdominal girth, and BMI on all subjects
B) Train multiple data collectors to take measurements
C) Use scales in several different clinical settings to obtain data
D) Utilize a single measure, such as BMI, applied to all subjects
Q3) A researcher evaluates a measurement tool by administering the tool to a group of subjects every 2 weeks for 8 weeks.This is a measure of the tool's:
A) alternate forms reliability.
B) internal consistency reliability.
C) interrater reliability.
D) test-retest reliability.
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Chapter 11: Understanding Statistics in Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) When comparing a study with a level of significance of 0.05 with a study having a level of significance of 0.01,the researcher knows that the study with the level of significance of 0.05 is more likely to have a:
A) correct null hypothesis.
B) generalizable finding.
C) Type I error.
D) Type II error.
Q2) In research,the probability that any data score will be within a certain range of a mean value is calculated based on the theory of:
A) frequency.
B) inference.
C) levels of significance.
D) the normal curve.
Q3) A researcher calculates a Pearson product-moment coefficient of 0.2.The reviewer understands that this value represents:
A) a moderate positive correlation.
B) a moderate negative correlation.
C) a weak positive correlation.
D) a weak negative correlation.
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Chapter 12: Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) A reviewer critically appraises a study.Which aspect of the review indicates a weakness in the study?
A) The conceptual definitions of variables are consistent with operational definitions.
B) The literature review identifies what is known and not known about the problem.
C) The researcher identifies and discusses threats to design validity.
D) The statement of purpose provides a broad, general focus for the study.
Q2) What will the reviewer assess when critically appraising a study framework?
A) How the variables and concepts are evaluated and measured
B) What the research hypothesis is and how it was developed
C) Whether the literature review is complete
D) Whether the study variables link to key concepts
Q3) In which type of study design would a reviewer expect to find a discussion of extraneous variables?
A) Ethnographic
B) Qualitative
C) Quasi-experimental
D) Phenomenological
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Chapter 13: Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) When addressing a health care question to determine best practice,the nurse identifies and appraises quality research using a structured,comprehensive synthesis of the research literature to determine the best research evidence available.This is an example of a:
A) literature review
B) meta-analysis.
C) meta-synthesis.
D) systematic review.
Q2) In a meta-analysis,the researcher displays a symmetrical funnel plot of the data from a group of studies.This indicates:
A) heterogenicity of study samples.
B) limited publication bias.
C) methodological bias.
D) reporting bias.
Q3) Which research discipline seeks to develop practical applications based on research knowledge?
A) Meta-analysis
B) Meta-synthesis
C) Rigorous experimental studies
D) Translational research
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Chapter 14: Outcomes Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) The development of the Uniform Hospital Discharge Data Set and the Universal Minimum Health Data Set was helped by:
A) establishing guidelines for outcomes research.
B) identifying the contribution of nursing care to patient outcomes.
C) prescribing data elements to be monitored in outcomes research.
D) reporting financial and statistical data from hospitals.
Q2) A nurse uses a care map to guide nursing interventions for patients with COPD.This is an example of using:
A) evidence-based practice.
B) practice patterns.
C) practice styles.
D) standards of care.
Q3) A researcher wishes to widely disseminate findings of outcomes research in order to influence practice in a variety of settings.Which methods might this researcher use?
A) A series of presentations and publications in professional and public forums
B) An oral presentation at an international conference
C) Publication in scholarly, peer-reviewed journals
D) Writing about this research in a chapter of a nursing textbook
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