Evaluation Research in Criminal Justice
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
This course examines the principles and methods of evaluation research as applied to criminal justice programs, policies, and practices. Students will learn to design, implement, and interpret evaluations to assess the effectiveness, efficiency, and impact of interventions within the criminal justice system. Topics include logic model development, experimental and quasi-experimental designs, data collection and analysis, ethical considerations, and translating findings into actionable recommendations. Through case studies and real-world applications, the course prepares students to critically analyze existing research and conduct their own evaluations to inform evidence-based policy and practice in criminal justice settings.
Recommended Textbook
Essential Criminal Justice and Criminology Research Methods 1st Edition by Peter B. Kraska
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12 Chapters
395 Verified Questions
395 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Criminal Justice and Criminology Research:
Mapping the Terrain
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32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/76966
Sample Questions
Q1) _______________ is knowledge not pursued for any instrumental purpose,but merely for the sake of making ethical,intellectual,and theoretical sense of our world.
A)disinterested knowledge
B)knowledge-power dynamic
C)critical thinking
D)crime and justice phenomena
Answer: A
Q2) _______________ is the notion that justice practices should be based on research-generated knowledge.
A)applied research
B)evidence-based practice
C)mixed methods research
D)exploratory research
Answer: B
Q3) In exploratory research,the researcher begins with a well-defined subject and conducts research to describe it accurately.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Chapter 2: The Nature of Science and Research
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________________ means you accept something as being true because it's the way things have always been.
A)Personal experience knowledge
B)common sense knowledge
C)Tradition knowledge
D)authority knowledge
Answer: C
Q2) _________________ occurs when we feel we have all the answers and do not need to listen,seek information,or raise questions any longer.
A)overgeneralization
B)selective observation
C)premature closure
D)halo effect
Answer: C
Q3) Political funding in criminology/criminal justice does jot have a significant impact on its research agenda.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Philosophical and Theoretical Foundations
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) We can think of the social world as comprising many units of analysis,such as individual people,groups,organizations,movements,institutions,countries,and the world.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) ____________ are hidden or unstated ideas about the nature of human beings,social reality,or social processes that underlie a theory or theoretical framework
A)theoretical assumptions
B)theoretical concepts
C)ideologies
D)concepts
Answer: A
Q3) The ultimate purpose of research for PSS is scientific explanation-to discover and document universal causal laws of human behavior.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Ethics and Reviewing the Literature
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32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____________ occurs when a researcher falsifies or distorts the data or the methods of data collection,or plagiarizes the work of others.
A)scientific misconduct
B)research fraud
C)plagiarism
D)research atrocities
Q2) The existing literature can help us to suggest the most successful research method.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ______________ state proper and improper behavior and represent a consensus of professionals on ethics.
A)IRB
B)feminist/critical model of research ethics
C)codes of ethics
D)RIH
Q4) What are the general principles of ethical research?
Q5) What are the essential elements of informed consent?
Q6) What are the objectives of conducting a literature review?
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Chapter 5: Quantitative and Qualitative Research Design
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ____________ is An error in explanation in which the causal relationship is empirically untestable because the causal factor does not come earlier in time than the result,or because the causal factor is a vague,general force that cannot be empirically measured.
A)tautology
B)teleology
C)ecological fallacy
D)reductionism
Q2) The variable that is the effect or is the result or outcome of another variable is the __________________.
A)intervening variable
B)independent variable
C)dependent variable.
D)attributes
Q3) What are the best ways to select topic for research?
Q4) A researcher who has data on how individuals behave but makes statements about the dynamics of macrolevel units is committing the error of reductionism.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Quantitative and Qualitative Measurement and Sampling
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32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _______________ is reliability across various groups or different populations of people.
A)Stability reliability
B)Representative reliability
C)Equivalence reliability
D)Face validity
Q2) Scales are a measuring technique in which a researcher adds or combines numerous indicators of a construct into a single score (if you remember,a type of triangulation).
A)True
B)False
Q3) The easiest to achieve and the most basic kind of validity is ___________.It is a judgment by the scientific community that the indicator really measures the construct.
A)Stability reliability
B)Representative reliability
C)Equivalence reliability
D)Face validity
Q4) Explain the different types of probability sampling.
Q5) List and describe the types of measurement reliability and validity.
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Chapter 7: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Criminal Justice Research
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reactivity,then,is the ability to generalize experimental findings to events and settings outside the experiment itself.
A)True
B)False
Q2) To make a _______________ from an experiment,we must meet the same requirements that are needed for any causal relationship: (1)cause must precede effect, (2)there must be an association between cause and effect;and (3)the researcher must eliminate plausible alternatives.
A)control group
B)treatment
C)random assignment
D)causal inference
Q3) Statistical regression is a threat to internal validity that occurs when subjects in the control group modify their behavior to make up for not getting the treatment.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the principles for accessing the feasibility of crime and justice experiments?
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Chapter 8: Survey and Interview Methods
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Uniform Crime Report (UCR)relies on police departments filling out surveys provided by the FBI,asking about arrests,reported crimes,and officers injured or killed in the line of duty.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Questions such as: have you used cocaine one or more times in the last thirty days,have you carried a weapon (e.g. ,gun,knife,or club)on one or more of the thirty days preceding the survey,and while on duty as a police officer,have you ever used an illegal drug are designed to measure ______________.
A)expectations
B)characteristics
C)attitudes/beliefs/opinions
D)behavior
Q3) A _______________ is a question that leads the respondent to choose one response over another by its wording.
A)double-barreled question
B)leading question
C)open-ended question
D)closed-ended question
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Chapter 9: Nonreactive Research: Content Analysis and Existing Documentsstatistics
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35 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the categories of unobtrusive measures.
Q2) What are the strengths of unobtrusive research?
Q3) Using too many digits in a quantitative measure in an attempt to create the (mis)impression that data are accurate is known as:
A)Intercoder reliability
B)stability reliability
C)manifest coding
D)fallacy of misplaced concreteness
Q4) Nonreactive research is the second most common research method used in crime and justice studies.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the four characteristics of content identified in coding systems.
Q6) ________________ is a general name for a communication medium from which symbolic meaning is measured in content analysis.
A)text
B)content analysis
C)Content analysis
D)unobtrusive observation
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Chapter 10: Crime and Justice Ethnographic Field Research
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Field research is based on ____________,which is a notion derived from the biological sciences used to study oceans,animals,plants,forests,and so forth.
A)reflexivity
B)naturalism
C)field site
D)ethnographic field research
Q2) Internal consistency is achieved by verifying or cross-checking observations with other divergent sources of data.In other words,does it all fit into the overall context?
A)True
B)False
Q3) _____________ is a detailed description of how the project was conducted.It is a full and candid disclosure of a researcher's actions,assumptions,and procedures for others to evaluate.
A)Ecological validity
B)Guilty Knowledge
C)Member validation
D)Natural history
Q4) What are the characteristics of an ideal field informant?
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Chapter 11: Historical, Qualitative, Document Analysis, Academic Legal,
and Mixed Methods
Research
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33 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the similarities between historical and ethnographic research?
Q2) Anachronism is an error whereby a historical researcher locates an event before or after when it actually occurred.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Qualitative or quantitative data about past events that were created and used in the past time period are called:
A)primary sources
B)secondary sources
C)statistical sources
D)fiduciary sources
Q4) ____________________ Those sources of legal authority that are derived from previous legal research and commentary generally conducted by legal scholars are referred to as:
A)Legal authority
B)Stare decisis
C)Primary authority
D)Secondary authority
Q5) What are the advantages and disadvantages of using mixed methods?
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Chapter 12: Analysis of Quantitative and Qualitative Data
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____________ is a set of rules stating that certain numbers are assigned to variable attributes.
A)precoding
B)codebook
C)coding procedure
D)coding
Q2) A sheet with grids in which the researcher writes code numbers in squares that correspond to a row and column location,and then uses this to type it into a Computer is called a __________________.
A)code scan entry
B)code sheet
C)direct entry method
D)optical scan sheet
Q3) An optical scan machine reads information from _______________ and inserts them directly into a computer file.
A)code scan entry
B)code sheet
C)direct entry method
D)optical scan sheet
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