European History to 1648 Solved
Exam Questions
This course explores the major political, social, religious, and cultural developments in Europe from the fall of the Roman Empire to the end of the Thirty Years War in 1648. Students will examine the emergence of feudal societies, the rise and impact of the medieval Church, the formation of nation-states, the Renaissance and Reformation, and significant economic and intellectual transformations of the period. By analyzing primary and secondary sources, students will gain an understanding of how early European history shaped the foundations of the modern Western world.
Recommended Textbook
Western Heritage The Volume 1 11th Edition by
Donald M. Kagan
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14 Chapters
1118 Verified Questions
1118 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Birth of Civilization
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23714
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Hammurabi's laws, polygamy was based on ___________.
A) wealth
B) slave owning
C) race
D) necessity
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following best describes the role of the Persian Shahanshah?
A) He was appointed by the people and ruled on their behalf.
B) His rule was divinely sanctioned, and required tribute and service.
C) He was a modest individual who not only ruled his people but was also one of them.
D) He was a general who led his people to victory on the battlefield.
Answer: B
Q3) The Nile River was considered to be a major highway, primarily because it connected ________.
A) fishers to the Mediterranean Sea
B) herdsmen and hunters to the desert
C) swamps to inlets
D) Upper and Lower Egypt
Answer: D
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Rise of Greek Civilization
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) After the withdrawal of the Spartans from Athens, Clisthenes, who had lost his political power to nobility, took the unprecedented action of ________.
A) turning to the people for political support
B) challenging the nobility to a debate
C) asking King Cleomenes I to intervene on his behalf
D) marrying the daughter of one of the nobles
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is one of the indirect causes of the growth in the numbers of enslaved Athenians in the seventh century b.c.e.?
A) the rotation of crops
B) the lack of fertilizer
C) never borrowing money
D) the low price of wheat
Answer: B
Q3) The marketplace and civic center of the polis was called an ________.
Answer: agora
Q4) The Greek polis was thought of as a community of ________.
Answer: relatives
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Chapter 3: Classical and Hellenistic Greece
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) By Greek standards, Macedon was considered to be a backward, semibarbaric land because ________.
A) it had no army or navy
B) its religious practices resembled those of the Stone Age
C) it had no poleis and was ruled loosely by a king
D) its residents lived in huts
Answer: C
Q2) A literary genre called ________ presented a comic-realistic depiction of daily life, turning the attention away from the weakened structure of the polis.
A) Middle Comedy
B) Old Comedy
C) epic poetry
D) lyric poetry
Answer: A
Q3) The term "________" was coined in the nineteenth century to describe the period of three centuries during which Greek culture spread far from its homeland to Egypt and deep into Asia.
Answer: Hellenistic
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Chapter 4: Rome: From Republic to Empire
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Carthage's ________ never lost a battle to Rome's armies on the field, but lost the war.
A) Celeste
B) Crassus
C) Hannibal
D) Longinus
Q2) Which of these was the last Etruscan state to oppose Rome?
A) Gaul
B) Luca
C) Ostia
D) Veii
Q3) The Romans came into contact with Hellenized culture in ________.
A)New Carthage
B)books
C)Athens
D)southern Italy
Q4) Enemies such as Hannibal knew that the key to a successful war against Rome would be to turn her allies against the Republic.How did Rome earn such loyalty from client states and provinces?
Q5) Was Rome part of the Hellenistic world? Support your answer with details.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: The Roman Empire
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80 Flashcards
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Sample
Questions
Q1) Although Augustus granted himself the powers of an absolute ruler, he did not proclaim this ascension openly.In what ways did he retain the appearance of republican government? Why?
Q2) What made Maecenas, the cultural adviser to Augustus, important to literary circles?
A) He controlled imperial patronage for the arts.
B) He would bring Augustus to important parties.
C) He was an incisive critic.
D) He was a publisher.
Q3) The fourth- and fifth-century "decline and fall of the Roman Empire" refers to the diminishing fortunes of ________.
A) the frontier provinces
B) Rome and the Italian peninsula
C) the eastern empire
D) the western empire
Q4) In Augustus's reign, Rome had a professional army of between _______.
A) 10,000 and 50,000 men
B) 50,000 and 100,000 men
C) 100,000 and 250,000 men
D) 250,000 and 500,000 men
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Chapter 6: Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages: Creating
a New European Society and Culture (476 1000)
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why has martyrdom become so important to Shi'a Muslims?
A) Ali, whom they believed to be the true caliph, was assassinated by other Muslims.
B) A strong vision of the afterlife cannot come soon enough for some Shi'as.
C) Throughout his long life, Ali taught the importance of sacrifice.
D) They believe martyrdom is the only path to heaven.
Q2) "Visigoths" were ________ Germanic Goths.
A) northern
B) southern
C) eastern
D) western
Q3) Medieval people understood that there was a link between food and health but they did not know to ________.
A) eat vegetables along with meat
B) add milk to their porridge
C) wash their fruit
D) cook pork to above 160 degrees internally
Q4) Islam was founded by the prophet ________, a wealthy man who received the word of God from the angel Gabriel.
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Q5) ________ is defined as the opposition to the use of images in Christian worship.
Chapter 7: The High Middle Ages: The Rise of European Empires
and States (1000 1300)
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does Map 7-2, Germany and Italy in the Middle Ages, show about the political climate of the Hohenstaufen Empire?
A) The many small states and territories in Germany and Italy made them very hard to control.
B) England was the only country properly situated to create an empire.
C) Italy was unified in fact, even if not in name.
D) Germany displayed a cohesiveness that did not exist elsewhere.
Q2) In what respects did Frederick II lay the foundation for six centuries of German division? What factors influenced his complacent decisions?
Q3) Annates were a ________.
A) tax on land
B) type of pilgrimage
C) yearly tribute paid by the popes
D) fee paid to the church
Q4) Compiling the Domesday Book was intended to ________.
A) defeat the Anglo-Saxons
B) reassert Anglo-Saxon power
C) assist William's plan to conquer England
D) support a centralized government
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Medieval Society: Hierarchies, Towns,
Universities, and Families (1000 1300)
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Heavier reliance on the infantry in the Hundred Years' War was bad for ________.
A) urban nobles
B) the peasantry
C) the French
D) the status of the nobility
Q2) Which of these careers was open to women?
A) law
B) medicine
C) scholarship
D) weaving
Q3) ________ outlived Abelard by twenty years and devoted herself to reforming the rules of women's cloisters.
A) Eleanor
B) Héloïse
C) Sorbonne
D) Louise
Q4) Bologna was famous for its university, which was a union of _______.
Q5) Scholars wrote commentaries on authoritative texts, especially those of Aristotle and the Church Fathers, in a method based on logic and dialectic known as ________.
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Chapter 9: The Late Middle Ages: Social and Political
Breakdown (1300 1453)
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The price of the papacy's greater centralization of authority was _________.
A) declining popular support
B) the emergence of the College of Cardinals
C) diminished secular authority
D) the end of the Crusades
Q2) Peasant revolts in the period of the Black Death were triggered by ________.
A) attempts to reimpose pre-1340s economic conditions
B) anger at the disproportionate loss of life among the lower classes
C) religious ferment
D) the rapid growth of towns
Q3) Defender of Peace, written by Marsilius of Padua, depicted the pope as ________.
A) subordinate to secular rulers
B) a Christ-like figure who was elected to save the world from its wickedness
C) the supreme ruler
D) the anti-Christ
Q4) Why might the Moscow nobility not have minded Mongol rule?
A) They were treated as equals.
B) They were united in a determination to increase agrarian production.
C) Moscow became preeminent in Russia.
D) Their subjects were spared the duty of military service.
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Chapter 10: Renaissance and Discovery
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23723
Sample Questions
Q1) During an assembly in Worms in 1495, Emperor Maximilian allowed the members to create ________.
A) a permanent representative body
B) the Golden Bull agreement
C) a seven-member electoral college
D) a Supreme Court of Justice
Q2) Medieval art tended to be abstract and formulaic, whereas Renaissance art showed ________.
A) the natural world and human emotions
B) religious figures without faces
C) sacred images painted on wood
D) small scenes in the margins of text
Q3) The ________ greatly helped reduce the need to go to war and allowed increased control over the enemy.
A) use of despotism
B) art of diplomacy
C) hiring of mercenaries
D) purchase of enemy territory
Q4) In Jiménez's Complutensian Polyglot Bible, Hebrew, Greek, and ________ appeared together.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: The Age of Reformation
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78 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Issued by Henry VIII, the ____________ reaffirmed transubstantiation, denied the Eucharistic cup to the laity, declared celibate vows inviolable, provided for private Masses, and ordered the continuation of oral confession.
Q2) The events that sparked the Reformation arose from an intersection of which developments?
A) the French invasion of Italy and the end of the Great Schism
B) corruption in the Catholic church and Luther's call for reform
C) the Hundred Years' War and the election of Pope Leo X
D) John Huss' conviction for heresy and the Thirty Years' War
Q3) Which of the following was an influential women's order founded in 1535 for the religious education of girls from all social classes?
A) the Capuchins
B) the Ursulines
C) the Jesuits
D) the Theatines
Q4) The _______ was a moderate statement of Protestant beliefs that had been spurned by Emperor Charles V in 1530.
Q5) The address On Improving the Studies of the Young was written by _______.
Q6) Martin Luther was ordered to recant at the ___________ in April of 1521.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: The Age of Religious Wars
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80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term "ecclesiastical reservation" refers to the ________.
A) attempt to maintain the status quo concerning lands held by Protestants and Catholics
B) right of Catholics to worship in Lutheran lands
C) right of Lutherans to worship in Catholic lands
D) attempt to outlaw all Protestant sects with the exception of the Lutheran church
Q2) How did Philip make an example of the Protestant rebels after the Calvinist riots in the Netherlands?
A) He sent the Duke of Alba to suppress the revolt, which ended in the execution of thousands of suspected heretics.
B) He sent his armies back to Spain to gather munitions and build his forces.
C) He published vicious attacks on the rebels in pamphlets and public announcements.
D) He sent religious leaders to preach publicly and condemn the rebels.
Q3) Which treaty brought the Swedish period of the war to an end?
A) Treaty of Loges
B) Treaty of Geneva
C) Peace of Prague
D) Union of Cologne
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Chapter 13: European State -Consolidation in the
Seventeenth and Eighteenth
Centuries
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Hohenzollern capital was at ________.
Q2) Describe the rule of Oliver Cromwell.How was he like or unlike English royal rulers? Explain his successes and failures and tell what accounts for those successes and failures.
Q3) How did the duke of Orléans weaken France after the death of Louis XIV? Which of his initiatives became symbolic of French decline? How?
Q4) According to advocates of the "divine right of kings," kings could be judged only by ________.
A) God
B) the nobility
C) the people
D) fellow kings
Q5) In what way did the Sejm fail Poland?
A) The Sejm failed to advance successful military operations.
B) The Sejm was ruined by royal intrigue that took away power from the governing body.
C) The Sejm was made up of foreigners who did not know the issues of Poland.
D) The Sejm required unanimity for any legislative action, which blocked effective government.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: New Directions in Thought and Culture in the
Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23727
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Pascal's famous wager, ________.
A) it is best to believe God exists and stake everything to gain the lot; if God should prove not to exist, comparatively little will have been lost
B) it is best to live life to the fullest, regardless of your religious beliefs, and if God does exist, seek forgiveness near the end of your life
C) it is best to believe that God does not exist so that if he does exist, you will be joyful rather than disappointed
D) only one person in a hundred would be saved
Q2) With few exceptions, women were barred from science and medicine until the late ___________ century, and not until the twentieth century did they enter these fields in significant numbers.
Q3) ____________ was one of the first major European writers to champion innovation and change.
Q4) Discuss the contributions of women to the scientific revolution.What is the merit of examining their contributions, considering they were so marginal?
Q5) The assumption that the earth moved about the sun in a circle is known as the ________________ model.
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