European History Since 1500 Textbook Exam
Questions
Course Introduction
This course provides a comprehensive survey of European history from 1500 to the present, highlighting pivotal events, movements, and transformations that have shaped the continent. It explores the Renaissance, Reformation, the rise of nation-states, the Enlightenment, the French and Industrial Revolutions, imperialism, the World Wars, the Cold War, and contemporary challenges. Emphasis is placed on political, social, cultural, and economic developments, as well as Europes interactions with the wider world, fostering an understanding of the forces that have influenced modern European society and global relations.
Recommended Textbook
Western Civilization Volume II Since 1500 9th Edition by Jackson J. Spielvogel
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17 Chapters
1261 Verified Questions
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Chapter 1: Reformation and Religious Warfare in the
Sixteenth Century
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Erasmus's view, which of these qualities is most important?
A)Personal happiness
B)Pleasure
C)Inner piety
D)Political power
E)Material wealth
Answer: C
Q2) Zwingli sought an alliance with
A)Pope Paul III.
B)Ignatius Loyola.
C)Henry VIII.
D)John Calvin.
E)Martin Luther.
Answer: E
Q3) Elizabeth I was a strict Calvinist.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Europe and the World: New Encounters
1500-1800
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Sample Questions
Q1) How did the Qing government respond to the arrival of European foreigners by sea?
A)They opened China to diplomatic and trade opportunities with the Europeans.
B)They established free trade connections, but no diplomatic relations.
C)They engaged in trade, but confined European traders to a small island to limit contact.
D)They refused all overtures to engage in trade.
E)They allowed Europeans to have full contact and interaction with the Chinese.
Answer: C
Q2) During the Middle Passage,
A)gold and salt from Africa was shipped to Europe.
B)slaves from Africa were shipped to the Americas.
C)manufactured goods from Europe were shipped to Africa.
D)agricultural commodities from the Americas were shipped to Europe.
E)luxury goods from Asia were shipped to Europe.
Answer: B
Q3) The Dutch in Southeast Asia were supplanted by the Portuguese.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 4
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Chapter 3: State Building and the Search for Order in the
Seventeenth Century
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Sample Questions
Q1) What did Cardinal Richelieu understand to be the biggest roadblock to building a strong monarchy in Louis XIV's France?
A)The rising cost of warfare
B)The weakness of the Bourbons
C)Resistance by the great nobles
D)Armed uprisings by workers in Paris
E)Peasant revolts in the countryside
Answer: C
Q2) How did Louis XIV use his palace at Versailles?
A)To dominate the nobility and display his grandeur
B)To putter around in the garden and enjoy nature
C)To earn money by centralizing the marketplace
D)To get away from politics and spend time with his family
E)To provide a spiritual sanctuary from a troubled world
Answer: A
Q3) The Russian nobility was known as boyars.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: The Eighteenth Century: an Age of Enlightenment
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Q1) According to Adam Smith, what was a legitimate function of government?
A)To promote religion
B)To protect society from invasion
C)To plan the national economy
D)To set wages and prices
E)To provide all citizens with employment
Q2) Montesquieu believed that democracy was always the best form of government.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Whose voyages in the Pacific Ocean were a major inspiration for travel literature in the eighteenth century?
A)James Cook
B)Ferdinand de Lesseps
C)Zheng He
D)David Hume
E)Ferdinand Magellan
Q4) Mary Wollstonecraft is viewed by many as the founder of European feminism.
A)True
B)False
Q5) To what extent did "high culture" and "popular culture" influence one another?
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Chapter 5: The Eighteenth Century: European States
International Wars and Social Change
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Q1) Which non-native, imported product allowed Irish peasants to survive on the small plots of land left to them by English landlords?
A)Fish
B)Tomatoes
C)Wheat
D)Rice
E)Potatoes
Q2) Rentiers supported themselves by relying on
A)warfare.
B)the state.
C)their investments.
D)begging.
E)the land.
Q3) Which statement best describes the European peasantry in the eighteenth century?
A)The peasantry comprised nearly half of Europe's population.
B)Peasants were free from serfdom in all countries by 1789.
C)Peasants often owed extensive compulsory services to aristocratic landowners.
D)Peasants benefited the most in southern Italy and eastern Germany.
E)The peasantry disappeared in England because of the Industrial Revolution.
Q4) How did European family structure and life change in the eighteenth century?
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Chapter 6: A Revolution in Politics: the Era of the French Revolution
and Napoleon
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Q1) Who was given the right to vote for the national legislative assembly under the terms of the French Constitution of 1795?
A)The five hundred wealthiest men in France
B)All adult white men
C)All adult men
D)Property-owning men
E)All adults
Q2) What was a key term of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?
A)An absolute separation of church and state was to be established.
B)Priests were to be required to marry.
C)Bishops and priests were to be elected by the people.
D)The French government was to have veto power over papal decrees.
E)All French people were required to be Catholics.
Q3) Was the American War of Independence truly revolutionary? Explain.
Q4) How did Louis XVI respond to the formation of the National Assembly?
A)He acknowledged its legitimacy.
B)He threatened to dissolve the Estates-General.
C)He arrested all Third Estate delegates.
D)He abdicated the throne.
E)He invited Britain to invade France.
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Chapter 7: The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1800, the United States was a(n)
A)agrarian country.
B)industrial power.
C)global military giant.
D)tiny country of less than 10,000 people.
E)net exporter of manufactured goods.
Q2) Ireland and the potato
Q3) The agricultural revolution led to a significant increase in food production in Britain.
A)True
B)False
Q4) By the late eighteenth century, Britain had
A)all but fully industrialized.
B)a declining population.
C)a ready supply of capital for investment in new enterprises.
D)a pressing desire to catch up to and surpass Prussia in the race to industrialize.
E)a fully democratic government in which all adult citizens could vote.
Q5) the Poor Law of 1834
Q6) capital
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Reaction Revolution and Romanticism 1815-1850
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1815 Great Britain was governed by
A)an absolute monarch.
B)the middle classes.
C)the people as a whole.
D)the aristocratic landowning classes.
E)wealthy merchants.
Q2) The July Revolution in France was sparked by the unpopular policies of Louis-Philippe.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which Romantic artist served as a bridge between Classicism and Romanticism?
A)Poe
B)Beethoven
C)Delacroix
D)Friedrich
E)Bach
Q4) What ideas and beliefs united the early socialists?
Q5) Compare and contrast the core of ideas of the Enlightenment and the Romantic movement.
Q6) What were the causes and consequences of the revolutions of 1830?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: An Age of Nationalism and Realism 1850-1871
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Madame Bovary, ____ told the story of a woman trapped in loveless marriage.
A)Jean-Francois Millet
B)Gustave Courbet
C)Gustave Flaubert
D)Charles Dickens
E)William Thackeray
Q2) Which statement best describes industrialization on the Continent by 1870?
A)It remained limited in its development.
B)It had come of age based upon innovations from the British Industrial Revolution.
C)It was never marked by depressions or recessions.
D)It did not see the rise of trade unions.
E)It was not challenged by socialism.
Q3) What was a result of Bismarck's Austro-Prussian War?
A)The incorporation of Austria into the North German Confederation
B)A harsh treaty against Austria that reduced it to a second-rate power
C)The Prussian liberals' disgust over Bismarck's unscrupulous policies
D)The exclusion of Austria from the North German Confederation
E)The immediate establishment of the German Empire
Q4) Why was slavery a threat to American unity in the mid-nineteenth century?
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Chapter 10: Mass Society in an Age of Progress 1871-1894
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was a new development in the age of mass leisure?
A)the newspaper and novel
B)the excessive consumption of alcohol
C)the theater
D)carnival
E)professional sports
Q2) How did the steel, electricity, and the internal combustion engine shape economic and social developments in the late nineteenth century?
Q3) In 1910, Britain led the world in annual steel production.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Elizabeth Poole Sanford would most likely have agreed with which of these statements?
A)Women should avoid being self-sufficient.
B)Women should strive to become equal to men.
C)Women should accept their roles at home until new governmental reforms were instituted.
D)Women should make it known to their husbands that they were dissatisfied.
E)Women should take employment outside the home to become economically self-sufficient.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: An Age of Modernity Anxiety and Imperialism
1894-1914
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was the first professional occupation opened up to women?
A)Efficiency expert
B)Lawyer
C)Business management
D)Engineering
E)Teaching
Q2) What did Houston Stewart Chamberlain argue in his 1899-publication Foundations of the Nineteenth Century?
A)Germany would lead the world in high-tech manufacturing.
B)Germany would lead the Aryan race to the conquest of Europe.
C)Germany would be the European leader in music and the arts.
D)Germany would generate the next great world religion.
E)Germany would fail if they did not accept Jews as the originators of Western civilization.
Q3) What are the defining characteristics of modernism?
Q4) How did the "new physics" challenge the established certainties of classical physics?
Q5) What did nineteenth-century women's rights activists hope to achieve?
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Q6) Compare and contrast the responses of China and Japan to European and American imperialism?
War and Revolution
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Q1) How did the war in the East differ from the war in Western Europe during 1914?
A)It was marked by immobility.
B)It was marked by mobility.
C)It developed methodically and took months to get heated.
D)It was marked by careful diplomacy.
E)It involved much smaller numbers of troops.
Q2) At the outset of the war, the United States
A)declared its neutrality.
B)voiced its support for the Allies.
C)voiced its support for the Central Powers.
D)began to make plans for immediate intervention in Europe.
E)offered to host a peace conference.
Q3) The War Guilt Clause declared ____ responsible for starting the war.
A)Serbia
B)Russia
C)Germany
D)France
E)all of the combatants equally
Q4) What was Germany's strategy at the outset of the war? Why did it fail?
Q5) How did events in the Balkans in 1914 spark World War I?
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Chapter 13: The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between
the Wars 1919-1939
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Q1) Leon Trotsky was the leading spokesman for the Left in the Politburo in 1924.
A)True
B)False
Q2) German expressionists focused on the human costs and consequences of
A)the Russian Revolution.
B)secularism.
C)authoritarianism.
D)World War I.
E)capitalism.
Q3) Which factor aided Joseph Stalin's emergence as leader of the Communist party?
A)Lenin's recommendation that he become sole leader
B)His alliance with Trotsky and the Right in the Politburo
C)His position as general secretary of the Bolshevik party
D)Strong support of the left in the Politburo, which favored the spread of Communism abroad
E)The support of the Soviet military
Q4) Britain was eager to grant India independence in the 1920s, but practical challenges stood in the way.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: The Deepening of the European Crisis: World
War 2
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ____ took the lead in the bombing of German cities.
A)Americans
B)Soviets
C)British
D)Poles
E)French
Q2) The United States halted the Japanese advance in the Pacific at the Battle of ____ in May 1942.
A)the Coral Sea
B)Midway
C)Iwo Jima
D)Okinawa
E)the Solomon Islands
Q3) How did the Battles of Stalingrad and Midway change the course of World War II?
Q4) What occurred immediately following the fall of Poland in 1939?
A)France and Britain declared war and started an offensive against Germany.
B)France and Britain decided to continue to appease Hitler.
C)France and Britain declared war, but remained relatively inactive militarily.
D)Germany turned on its Russian allies.
E)France was invaded by Franco's Spain.
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Chapter 15: Cold War and a New Western World 1945-1965
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Q1) In 1954, ____ lost its struggle to remain in control of Indochina.
A)Japan
B)Britain
C)China
D)France
E)the Netherlands
Q2) What was the Great Leap Forward?
A)Stalin's stated philosophy for his last five-year plan
B)The radicalization of the feminist movement
C)Mao Zedong's effort to achieve a classless society and the final stage of communism
D)The missile race between the United States and the Soviet Union
E)Mao Zedong's New Economic Policy, modeled on Lenin's early 1920s economic reforms
Q3) Which European social group grew during the 1950s and 1960s?
A)Industrial workers
B)Rural, agricultural laborers
C)Independent farmers
D)Military personnel
E)White-collar management and administrative personnel
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Chapter 16: Protest and Stagnation: the Western World
1965-1985
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Q1) Which American president journeyed to the People's Republic of China in 1972?
A)Lyndon Johnson
B)Jimmy Carter
C)John Kennedy
D)Gerald Ford
E)Richard Nixon
Q2) What major economic problems and consequences plagued the West during the 1970s? How did the U.S., Europe, and the Soviet Union each attempt to resolve these problems? Which country or policies had the greatest success and why?
Q3) Compare and contrast the American war in Vietnam and the Soviet Union's conflict in Afghanistan. In what ways were they similar? In what ways were they markedly different?
Q4) Between 1965 and 1985, did new technologies and new scientific discoveries do more to benefit or to harm the planet and its inhabitants? Explain.
Q5) The American people increasingly divided over the war in Vietnam after Johnson's troop escalation in 1968.
A)True
B)False
18
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Chapter 17: After the Fall: the Western World in a Global Age
Since 1985
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Sample Questions
Q1) With the world increasingly inter-connected via transportation and communication networks, does the name "Western Civilization" still make sense?
Q2) In what year was Apple's iPod introduced?
A)1975
B)1985
C)1991
D)2001
E)2005
Q3) The justifications that George W. Bush used for invading Iraq in 2003 were agreed upon by most members of the United Nations.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What was the reason for Yugoslavia dividing into warring factions?
A)Demands for separatism among the varying republics
B)Differences of political goals
C)Support of the Serbs
D)Lack of cultural diversity
E)Religious uniformity
Page 19
Q5) Is capitalism the dominant force on the planet today? Why or why not?
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