Ethics Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
This course provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles and theories of ethics, exploring concepts such as morality, virtue, justice, and the good life. Students will examine classical and contemporary ethical philosophies, including utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, and relativism, and apply these frameworks to real-world dilemmas in fields such as business, medicine, technology, and personal relationships. Through readings, discussions, and case studies, students will develop critical thinking skills and ethical reasoning abilities, preparing them to make thoughtful and responsible decisions in personal and professional contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Philosophy A Text with Readings 12th Edition by Manuel Velasquez
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9 Chapters
431 Verified Questions
431 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Nature of Philosophy
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to whom does philosophical knowledge free us from the cycle of birth,suffering,death,and rebirth?
A) Plato
B) Aristotle
C) Krishna
D) Buddha
Answer: D
Q2) Holbach was a determinist.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) What philosopher argued that service toward others is our primary moral duty?
A) Aristotle
B) Mahatma Gandhi
C) Plato
D) Harry Browne
Answer: B
Q4) Genevieve Lloyd is a(n)____________________ philosopher.
Answer: feminist
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Chapter 2: Human Nature
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Sample Questions
Q1) J.J.C.Smart argued that states of consciousness are identical with states of the brain.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) ____________________ argued that a person's culture is the mirror through which society shows her who and what she is.
Answer: Hegel
Q3) Hobbes believed that humans were altruistic.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The view that processes such as thought and life are really nothing more than physical and chemical processes is called ____________________.
Answer: reductionism
Q5) By "soul" Plato meant "inner self".
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Reality and Being
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Charvaka philosophers were spiritualists.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The City of God was written by ____________________.
Answer: Augustine
Q3) Which pragmatist was concerned with the logical implications of ideas?
A) John Dewey
B) C. S. Pierce
C) William James
D) Elmer Sprague
Answer: B
Q4) Which view is the heir of pragmatism and idealism?
A) Materialism
B) Irrealism
C) Antirealism
D) Immaterialism
Answer: C
Q5) According to James,pragmatism looks towards ____________________ things.
Answer: last
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Chapter 4: Philosophy, Religion, and God
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who said that many people believe that God is basically there to make us happy?
A) Immanuel Kant
B) John Hicks
C) Nicholas Smith
D) William Craig
Q2) Who,in 1802,presented a version of the design argument?
A) Paley
B) Pascal
C) Hume
D) Hicks
Q3) The Second Noble Truth identifies the source of the suffering that we experience in living as ____________________.
Q4) "The Road" is a parable told by John Hick.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The chief proponent of radical theology in our time is
A) William Craig
B) John Hicks
C) Christopher Hitchens
D) Paul Tillich
Page 6
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Chapter 5: The Sources of Knowledge
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________________ claimed that both rationalists and empiricists take partial notions for real parts.
Q2) Martin Luther launched the Protestant revolution.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The critical realists rejected Locke's epistemology.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What philosopher argued that hallucinations,dreams and other illusions give rise to errors that we "sublate" when we see that they are contradicted by other things our senses show us in the world around us?
A) G. W. F. Hegel
B) Rene Descartes
C) Shankara
D) John Locke
Q5) Descartes believed that our knowledge of was derived from our senses.
A)True
B)False
Q6) ____________________ developed the view that is now known as transcendental idealism.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Truth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Do you think that the pragmatic theory of truth is a theory of truth in the same way as the correspondence and coherence theories are theories of truth? Argue for your view.
Q2) Which of the following philosophers accepted the coherence theory of truth?
A) Dharmakirti
B) Vatsyayana
C) John Dewey
D) Charles S. Peirce
Q3) ____________________ hold that truth adds nothing to our statements.
Q4) According to the ____ theory of truth a statement is true if it is useful to believe.
A) pragmatic
B) coherence
C) foundationalist
D) correspondence
Q5) A priori propositions are propositions that we can know to be true without having to observe the world.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Bertrand Russell endorsed the ____________________ theory of truth.
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Chapter 7: Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Richard Taylor is
A) An act utilitarian
B) A rule utilitarian
C) An act deontologist
D) A rule deontologist
Q2) A theory that measures the morality of an action by its consequences is a
A) Deontological theory
B) Pragmatic theory
C) Prudential theory
D) Consequentialist theory
Q3) Aristotle endorsed:
A) Deontological ethics
B) Virtue ethics
C) Consequentialist ethics
D) Divine command ethics
Q4) Carol Gilligan criticized the model of stages of moral development developed by
Q5) ____________________ consists of the standards that an individual or a group has about what is right and wrong.
Q6) John Finnis endorses ____________________
ethics.
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Chapter 8: Social and Political Philosophy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The view that in a just society everyone will be given equal shares of burdens and benefits is
A) Strict egalitarianism
B) Substantive egalitarianism
C) Formal equality
D) Rawlsian equality
Q2) Nozick was a welfare liberal.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What philosopher wrote: "Man was born free,but he is everywhere in chains."?
A) John Locke
B) Karl Marx
C) Jean Jacques Rousseau
D) Thomas Hobbes
Q4) Thomas Hobbes and John Locke agree that
A) the government must have absolute power in order to avoid chaos.
B) a government derives its authority from God.
C) rationality enables humans to perceive the necessity of entering a social contract to create the state.
D) prior to the formation of government we do not have any rights.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Postscript: The Meaning of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Soren Kierkegaard described three lifestyles,which he called aesthetic,ethical and A) political.
B) nihilistic.
C) religious.
D) ontological.
Q2) For Kierkegaard,the meaning of life is objective.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How can we understand the question "What is the meaning of life?"? Which way of understanding this question do you think is the most defensible,and why?
Q4) Should we endorse the nihilist response to the question of whether life has any meaning? If we should,does this undercut any reason that we might have for living? Explain your answer here.If we should not,explain why.
Q5) For Kierkegaard,the move to the religious stage requires a(n)____________________
Q6) For Marx,the perfect future world would be a(n)____________________ society.
Q7) Hegel called the modern nations the ____________________ nations.
Page 11
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