Ethical Theory and Business Exam
Solutions
Course Introduction
This course explores the fundamental principles of ethical theory and their application in contemporary business contexts. Students will examine major ethical frameworks including utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, and justice theories to critically analyze issues such as corporate social responsibility, whistleblowing, fair trade, environmental sustainability, and ethical decision-making in the workplace. Through case studies and discussions, the course encourages students to evaluate moral dilemmas faced by individuals and organizations, understand conflicting stakeholder interests, and develop reasoned approaches to responsible business conduct in a globalized economy.
Recommended Textbook
Moral Issues in Business 13th Edition by
William H. Shaw
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11 Chapters
701 Verified Questions
701 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1093
Page 2
Chapter 1: The Nature of Morality
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/21533
Sample Questions
Q1) Moral standards concern behavior that can be of serious consequence to human welfare.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) According to divine command theory, if something is wrong, then the only reason it is wrong is that God commands us not to do it.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Ethical relativism supports the theory that:
A) what is right is determined by what a culture or society says is right.
B) there are no moral values whatsoever.
C) morality is relative to the goal of promoting human well-being.
D) different societies have similar ideas about right and wrong.
Answer: A
Q4) Rules of etiquette are always moral rules.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Normative Theories of Ethics
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true regarding utilitarian beliefs?
A) Utilitarians wish to maximize happiness not simply immediately, but in the long run as well.
B) Utilitarians contend that we can determine with certainty what the future consequences of our present actions will be.
C) When choosing among possible actions, utilitarianism requires us to disregard our own happiness.
D) For the hedonistic utilitarian, knowledge, friendship, and aesthetic satisfaction are inherently good.
Answer: A
Q2) The view that associates morality with self-interest is egoism.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) W. D. Ross denied that we have immediate, intuitive knowledge of the basic prima facie obligations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Justice and Economic Distribution
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nozick's libertarian theory proposes
A) libertarians endorse utilitarianism's concern for total social well-being.
B) pleasure takes priority over any other moral concern.
C) libertarians generally agree that liberty allows only a "night-watchman" state.
D) if a person comes into possession of a holding through a legitimate transfer, then, morally speaking, she or he deserves that holding.
Answer: C
Q2) According to Mill's utilitarianism
A) rights are certain moral rules, the observance of which is of the utmost importance for the long-run, overall maximization of happiness.
B) there are no moral rights.
C) the rights possessed by human beings remain unchanged for all times and places.
D) rights are those rules that a majority of the society would agree to behind the "veil of ignorance."
Answer: A
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5
Chapter 4: The Nature of Capitalism
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65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the correlation between job security and work ethic now and in the past.
Q2) The Fugger dynasty was an example of A) industrial capitalism.
B) mercantile capitalism.
C) financial capitalism.
D) globalized capitalism.
Q3) One of the four key features of capitalism is A) favoritism.
B) cooperation.
C) inequality.
D) private property.
Q4) The U. S. trade deficit has shrunk significantly in recent decades. A)True B)False
Q5) Implicit in capitalism is the view that human beings aim to maximize their economic self-interest.
A)True B)False
Q6) What reason is there for thinking that American manufacturing is declining?
Q7) What is the "invisible hand" of Adam Smith?
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Chapter 5: Corporations
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Keith Davis, in addition to considering potential profitability, a business must weigh the long-range social costs of its activities as well. Only if the overall benefit to society is positive should business act.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Manuel Velasquez claims that the corporate internal decision structure of a corporation shows that a corporation can have both intentions and intentionality.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Adherents of the broad view of corporate responsibility claim that modern business is intimately integrated with the rest of society and that, as a result, although society expects business to pursue its economic interests, business has other responsibilities as well.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Is Levi Strauss really hurting the people of Costa Rica by opening the operation there? List the pros and cons.
Q5) Briefly sketch the evolution of corporations.
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Chapter 6: Consumers
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65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Advertising
A) makes the market more efficient.
B) maximizes consumer well-being (thanks to the invisible hand).
C) can't be restricted without violating the moral rights of advertisers.
D) subsidizes the media.
Q2) Statistics indicate that the faith consumers place in manufacturers is often misplaced.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to the legal doctrine of strict product liability,
A) the producer of a product is responsible for any injury the consumer suffers.
B) consumers must assume all risk whenever they buy a product.
C) product liability presupposes negligence by more than one party.
D) a manufacturer need not be negligent to be held liable for a defective product.
Q4) In his books The Affluent Society and The New Industrial State, John Kenneth Galbraith argues that consumer wants determine what gets produced.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is due care?
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Chapter 7: The Environment
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An assessment of costs and benefits inevitably involves
A) facts.
B) monetary costs only.
C) false opinions.
D) value judgements and factual uncertainties
Q2) Animal manure
A) is not available in sufficient quantities to replenish agricultural land.
B) is a large source of pollution.
C) helps counteract the "greenhouse effect".
D) is potentially more dangerous than nuclear power.
Q3) Would you propose an incentive based program to challenge companies to reduce their environmental liability? Explain in your own words an example of how this can be done.
Q4) Business must be sensitive to its impacts on the physical environment primarily because of the
A) fiscal obligations a business has to its stockholders.
B) intrusion into an ecosystem frequently causes favorable effects.
C) interdependence of an ecosystem's elements.
D) possible public perception of negligence and potential legal implications.
Q5) Explain a cost-benefit analysis, and how it is relevant to environmental issues.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: The Workplace Basic Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is true about the hiring and employment process?
A) A job description permits employers to rely on the preferences of their customers as a reason for discriminatory employment practices.
B) A job specification describes the qualifications an employee needs, such as skills, educational experience, appearance, and physical attributes.
C) According to common law, unless there is an explicit contractual provision to the contrary, every employment is employment "at will."
D) In validating job specifications, a firm lists all pertinent details about a job, including its duties, responsibilities, working conditions, and physical requirements.
Q2) From the beginning, unions have been driven by an attempt to protect workers from abuses of power at the hands of employers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are the key principles of effective interviewing?
Q4) Explain these concepts: seniority, inbreeding, and nepotism.
Q5) What is the importance of the Wagner Act of 1935?
Q6) What is the importance of the Taft-Hartley Act?
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Page 10
Chapter 9: The Workplace Todays Challenges
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Sample Questions
Q1) The text states that in the 1970s, "the government conducted a study of work in America ... [and] identified three chief sources of worker dissatisfaction." What are these three sources of worker dissatisfaction?
Q2) Should the activities of a teacher outside of the classroom and school be scrutinized? Should a teacher be terminated for actions outside of the workplace? Present your views.
Q3) In 1928, U.S. Supreme Court Judge Louis D. Brandeis described the right to privacy, or "the right to be left alone," as "the right most valued by men."
A)True
B)False
Q4) Suppose that a company has 1,000 workers, 20 of whom are thieves. Suppose, too, that a polygraph test is 95 percent accurate. If the company subjects all its employees to a polygraph test, how many thieves will be identified? How many innocent employees will be incorrectly identified as thieves?
Q5) According to published statistics, each year in the United States nearly 100,000 workers are killed on the job.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Moral Choices Facing Employees
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64 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What, if anything, is wrong with foreign forms of bribery?
Q2) If all the other businesses in a foreign country are providing a "grease payment" for border patrol. Is it all right and ethical to do that? State and defend your point.
Q3) Which act provides sweeping new legal protection for employees who report possible securities fraud, making it unlawful for companies to "discharge, demote, suspend, threaten, harass, or in any other manner discriminate against" them?
A) Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
B) Foreign Corruption Act
C) Economic Espionage Act
D) U.S. vs. O'Hagan
Q4) In discussing the case of the truck stop cashier who is asked to write up phony receipts, the text argues that in at least one scenario
A) there is nothing wrong with writing up the receipts.
B) she should resign immediately.
C) her prudential concerns may take precedence over moral ones on a temporary basis.
D) she should never whistle-blow and report the misconduct.
Q5) What is whistle-blowing, and what motivates whistle-blowers?
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Job Discrimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) The only true form of job discrimination is intentional and individual.
A)True
B)False
Q2) "Affirmative action" means programs taking the race or sex of employees or job candidates into account as part of an effort to correct imbalances in employment that exist as a result of past discrimination, either in the company itself or in the larger society.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What quality is more important in predicting who gets fired than job-performance ratings or even prior disciplinary history?
A) race
B) sexual orientation
C) age
D) gender
Q4) Male managers frequently assume that women
A) will not place family demands above work considerations.
B) possess the necessary drive to succeed in business.
C) take negative feedback professionally rather than personally.
D) are too emotional to be good managers.
Page 13
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