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Ethical Decision-Making in Business Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the principles and frameworks essential for ethical decision-making in business contexts. Students will examine real-world scenarios and case studies to identify ethical dilemmas, analyze stakeholders' interests, and evaluate the consequences of various actions. The course covers major ethical theories, corporate social responsibility, and the role of personal values and organizational culture in shaping business decisions. By the end of the course, students will develop practical skills to recognize and address ethical challenges, ensuring responsible and sustainable business practices.
Recommended Textbook
Moral Issues in Business 13th Edition by William H. Shaw
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Nature of Morality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Moral attitudes are best depicted by which of the following?
A) As long as your conduct is legal, then it will be moral.
B) If you follow the rules of etiquette, your conduct will be moral.
C) Moral standards typically concern behavior that can be of serious consequence to human welfare.
D) There is no distinction between morality in a broad sense and morality in a narrow sense.
Answer: C
Q2) Philosophical discussion of moral issues typically involves
A) the revision and modification of arguments.
B) polished rhetoric and skill at debate.
C) circular reasoning.
D) determining what the majority thinks.
Answer: A
Q3) Choose the statement that is a true reflection of moral beliefs.
A) Conscience is a perfectly reliable guide for moral behavior.
B) Morality in the broad sense is the set of moral rules you obey.
C) Bystander apathy appears to result in part from diffusion of responsibility.
D) Rules of etiquette are usually moral assertions.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Normative Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) The view that associates morality with self-interest is egoism.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) "If you want to go to law school, then you must take the LSAT exam." This statement is an example of
A) the transcendental imperative.
B) the categorical imperative.
C) a hypothetical imperative.
D) irrational behavior.
Answer: C
Q3) One feature about utilitarianism that makes it appealing as a standard for moral decisions in business and nonbusiness organizations is that it provides a clear and straightforward basis for formulating and testing policies.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Justice and Economic Distribution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Libertarianism involves a commitment to leaving market relations-buying, selling, and other exchanges-totally unrestricted.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) In association with labor and capital, Mill had contrasting views of A) freedom of speech.
B) farmers' markets profit.
C) welfare.
D) profit sharing.
Answer: D
Q3) According to John Rawls,
A) people in the original position choose the principles on the basis of self-interest.
B) in the original position, people must have full and complete knowledge.
C) justice forbids any social or economic inequalities.
D) liberty is of little or no importance compared to equality.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: The Nature of Capitalism
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Sample Questions
Q1) Outsourcing is a practice where companies buy parts or whole products from other producers, both at home and abroad.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is capitalism's view of human nature?
Q3) For the first time since the Industrial Revolution, less than _____ percent of the American workforce was employed by manufacturing.
A) 10
B) 25
C) 50
D) 62
Q4) Marxism states
A) capitalism leads to a concentration of property and thus a concentration of resources and power in relatively few hands.
B) socialism will eventually be replaced by financial capitalism.
C) the means of production should be placed under the control of the bourgeoisie.
D) only workers who are poorly paid in a capitalist system are alienated.
Q5) What reason is there for thinking that American manufacturing is declining?
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Chapter 5: Corporations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Momentum for the corporate organization of business really gained momentum after which war?
A) Revolutionary War
B) French and Indian War
C) Civil War
D) World War I
Q2) The "rules of the game" for corporate work are intended to
A) let the games begin.
B) promote open and free competition.
C) destroy the competition.
D) make business fun.
Q3) Is Levi Strauss really hurting the people of Costa Rica by opening the operation there? List the pros and cons.
Q4) Describe the ethical challenges that Yahoo faces in the China market.
Q5) The business-can't-handle-it argument is an argument in favor of a broad view of corporate responsibility.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is the problem of "vanishing individual responsibility"?
Q7) Briefly explain Milton Friedman's view of social responsibility.
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Chapter 6: Consumers
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Sample Questions
Q1) The controversy over legal paternalism pits the values of individual freedom and autonomy against social welfare.
A)True
B)False
Q2) For years Bayer aspirin advertised that it contained "the ingredient doctors recommend most." This is an example of:
A) ambiguity.
B) psychological appeals.
C) exaggeration.
D) concealment of facts.
Q3) Defend the position that advertising manipulates human needs and can create artificial ones.
Q4) Give an example of manipulative pricing.
Q5) The consumer's main source of product information is
A) testimonials of other customers.
B) billboards.
C) word of mouth.
D) the label and package.
Q6) What is due care?
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Chapter 7: The Environment
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Q1) Tampering with the ecosystem always has injurious effects.
A)True
B)False
Q2) William T. Blackstone rejects the idea that each person has a human right to a livable environment on the grounds that it is technically infeasible.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A moral of Garrett Hardin's parable "The Tragedy of the Commons" is that there can be a difference between the private costs and the social costs of a business activity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Would you propose an incentive based program to challenge companies to reduce their environmental liability? Explain in your own words an example of how this can be done.
Q5) The word "ecology" refers to the science of the interrelationships among organisms and their environment.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: The Workplace Basic Issues
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Q1) A workplace environment in which employees are treated fairly and their inherent dignity respected is compatible with a firm's business goals.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Unions employ two kinds of boycotts to enforce their demands. These two kinds of boycotts are
A) positive and negative.
B) corporate and private.
C) active and passive.
D) primary and secondary.
Q3) Since Congress passed the Americans With Disabilities Act in 1994
A) all disabled persons must be hired.
B) employers must make "reasonable accommodations" for disabled workers.
C) employees must try to "undo" their disabilities.
D) employers must be careful to "screen" out disabled persons.
Q4) What does "just cause" require in situations of employee discipline or discharge? What does "due process" require?
Q5) Explain these concepts: seniority, inbreeding, and nepotism.
Q6) What is the importance of the Taft-Hartley Act?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Workplace Todays Challenges
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Q1) Explain one of the criticisms of personality tests in the workplace.
Q2) Businesses often claim polygraphs are a fast and economical way to verify the information provided by a job applicant.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A fact about job satisfaction is
A) longevity does not correlate with job satisfaction.
B) the U.S. leads the world in the provision of childcare.
C) a lack of job satisfaction can create mental health problems.
D) worker participation and improved QWL always boost productivity.
Q4) Granting workers new responsibilities and respect can benefit the entire?organization.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Privacy is widely acknowledged today to be a fundamental right.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Informed consent requires that two criteria be met. What are these criteria? Briefly describe each of the criteria.
Q7) What is the Hawthorne Effect?
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Chapter 10: Moral Choices Facing Employees
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Q1) Employees have certain general duties to their employers, and because of the specific business, professional, or organizational responsibilities they have assumed, they may have other more precise role-based obligations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is a conflict of interest, and when does it arise?
Q3) According to Professor Norman Bowie, which of the following factors is primarily relevant to the motivation of whistle-blowers?
A) the whistle blower's feelings of duty to obey the law.
B) belief that internal channels have been exhausted.
C) their whistle blowing has some chance of success.
D) public interest morally outweighs loyalty to the organization.
Q4) A whistle-blower
A) doesn't have to be a past or present member of the organization.
B) doesn't have to report activity that is illegal, immoral, or harmful.
C) is any employer who spreads gossip for personal gain.
D) far from being disloyal, may be acting in the best interest of the organization.
Q5) What is whistle-blowing, and what motivates whistle-blowers?
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Chapter 11: Job Discrimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) A survey shows that three out of four Hispanics believe that African Americans and whites?are more likely than Hispanics to prefer living on welfare.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Male managers frequently assume that women
A) will not place family demands above work considerations.
B) possess the necessary drive to succeed in business.
C) take negative feedback professionally rather than personally.
D) are too emotional to be good managers.
Q3) The 1984 Supreme Court decision in Memphis Firefighters v. Stotts
A) treated sexual harassment as a form of discrimination.
B) upheld seniority over affirmative action.
C) upheld the legality of hiring quotas.
D) upheld the legality of mandatory drug testing.
Q4) Affirmative action should be distinguished from reverse discrimination. What is the difference?
Q5) Is it unrealistic to imagine that there will be no sexual interaction between men and women in the workplace? Produce the reasonings on both sides of the argument.
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