Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Test Questions
Course Introduction
This course examines the ethical and legal standards governing the counseling profession, providing students with an understanding of the principles that guide responsible practice. It covers key topics such as confidentiality, professional boundaries, informed consent, client rights, and multicultural considerations. Students will also explore major codes of ethics, relevant legislation, and case studies to enhance their ability to evaluate and respond to complex ethical dilemmas. Emphasis is placed on professional decision-making, risk management, and advocacy, preparing future counselors to navigate the legal and ethical challenges they may encounter in diverse professional settings.
Recommended Textbook
Ethics in Counseling and Therapy Developing an Ethical Identity 1st Edition by Rick A. Houser
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16 Chapters
638 Verified Questions
638 Flashcards
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2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Moral _________ concerns a person's having virtues or characteristics that contribute to moral behavior.
A) moral sensitivity
B) moral judgment
C) moral motivation
D) moral character
Answer: D
Q2) Ethics are founded in part on _________ and religious beliefs.
A) Social
B) Cultural
C) Educational
D) Pedagogic
Answer: B
Q3) As a counselor, when considering the nature and dimensions of an ethical issue it is a good idea to
A) Consult with your clients
B) Not tell any colleagues that you are facing an ethical dilemma
C) Refer to the APA ethical codes
D) Consult the professional literature
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Professional Identity and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) This refers to an identity of belonging to a group.
A) Intragroup identity
B) Intergroup identity
C) Group membership
D) Individual identity
Answer: C
Q2) Erik Erickson (1968) has made significant contributions to the identification and understanding of personal self-identity
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The resolution of the ___________stages at various points in one's life contributes to the development and formation of the person's identity.
A) psychosocial
B) psychobio
C) biosocial
D) socialbio
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Awareness and Sensitivity to Ethical Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________ models highlight the role of how various belief systems are understood rather than where they originate.
A) Developmental
B) Moral
C) Cognitive
D) Social Answer: A
Q2) Researchers have noted that moral sensitivity is somewhat a function of empathic ability.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Haidt (2001) has championed the idea that emotions and intuitions are actually the driving force in much of an individual's ________ life.
A) spiritual
B) moral
C) social
D) psychological
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Cognitions and Reasoninghermeneutics
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Sample Questions
Q1) His famous six-stage model became the most influential perspective on how moral understanding was both cognitive and developmental.
A) Kohlberg
B) Glasser
C) Jung
D) Rogers
Q2) Confidentiality is always guaranteed.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Sue et al. (1992) proposed that multicultural competence includes three general dimensions including all but which:
A) being aware of one's own values, biases, and preconceived beliefs about culturally diverse groups
B) actively trying to understand the worldview and experiences of culturally diverse group members
C) developing counseling skills appropriate for culturally diverse clients.
D) refusing to counsel a client due to their ethnicity
Q4) Explain why autonomy is an important issue in ethical decision making for counselors.
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Chapter 5: Client Autonomy and Client Rights
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Sample Questions
Q1) When professionals obtain consent from children this is referred to as:
A) deal
B) assent
C) pact
D) agreement.
Q2) The first step of the empowerment process proposed by Cattaneo and Chapman is:
A) carrying out actions and movement toward goals
B) changing human interactions that promote power in relationships
C) the client sets meaningful power-focused goals
D) discussing client's wants/desires
Q3) The _____________ of 1996 provided opportunities for patients to decide whether to disclose health insurance information; this is accomplished through informed consent.
A) HIPPA
B) FERPA
C) FIPPA
D) HERPA
Q4) What is fidelity and how does it relate to counseling?
Q5) Discuss autonomy as it relates to informed consent.
Q6) Describe beneficence and give examples.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Dual Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) Inherent in counselors' professional role is their decreased level of power and influence.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Counselor self-_________statements have been found to increase client perceptions of expertness and trustworthiness
A) disclosing
B) connecting
C) involving
D) relating
Q3) This occurs when the professional and a client meet in an unstructured social setting such as a store.
A) Shifts in professional roles
B) Personal and professional role conflicts
C) Circumstantial multiple roles
D) Structured multiple roles
Q4) Zur suggested one can differentiate boundaries into two categories. Describe these two categories.
Q5) Describe three types of touch that are appropriate for counseling.
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Chapter 7: Counselor Competence
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Sample Questions
Q1) A counselor who has limited knowledge and understanding of the analysis of client problems is considered to be in the ______________ stage.
A) advanced beginner
B) novice
C) competence
D) expert
Q2) What is counselor burnout and how does it impair counselor competence?
Q3) Counselors who engage in ______counseling services are at a higher risk for burnout and counselor fatigue syndrome.
A) school
B) rehabilitation
C) crisis
D) career
Q4) A counselor who has an intuitive understanding of each client situation and case is considered to be in the______________ stage.
A) advanced beginner
B) novice
C) competence
D) expert
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Chapter 8: Diversity and Multicultural Competence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Culturally skilled counselors are not necessarily aware of their own cultural background and experiences, attitudes, and values.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Developing multicultural competence is essential to provide counseling to minority populations based simply on the number of minorities currently living in and projected to reside in the United States in the near future.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Those counselors who hold higher levels of color-blind attitudes have demonstrated bias in counseling activities such as diagnosing those from minority groups.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss multiculturalism and include its relationship to diversity.
Q5) How is the family structure for African Americans unique? How does this impact the counseling process?
Q6) Compare and contrast race, phenotype, and genotype.
Q7) Discuss the structure of the Latino family.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Use of Technology and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Virtual reality has been used with a number of mental health issues including all but which:
A) Sexual Disorders
B) PTSD
C) Suicidal Ideation
D) Phobias
Q2) The purpose of this act is to set up the Office of National Coordinator for Health Information Technology with the intent of coordinating the electronic use of patient health information.
A) Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009
B) Health Information Portability Act of 1996
C) Health Information Technology for Efficiency and Clinical Health Act of 2009
D) Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 1996
Q3) Racial differences may influence the use of and access to online counseling, with ______having the easiest access to the technology needed for participation in online counseling.
A) Asians
B) Whites
C) Blacks
D) Hispanics
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Chapter 10: Supervision and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) This phase is associated with the counselor's being seen by colleagues as a seasoned professional.
A) lay helper
B) novice professional
C) experienced professional
D) senior professional
Q2) ____ states have laws requiring professionals such as counselors to report suspected child abuse.
A) 46
B) 42
C) 33
D) 50
Q3) Describe in detail the final phase of Ronnestad and Skovholt's model.
Q4) A supervisor who acts in the role of ________ supervisor needs to have advanced therapeutic or counseling skills to successfully provide clinical supervision.
A) managerial
B) clinical
C) administrative
D) executive
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Chapter 11: Ethical Use of Research in Counseling Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lilienfeld (2007) noted studies showing that anywhere between 3 and ___% of clients in counseling actually deteriorate after counseling.
A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20
Q2) The fifth principle in using EBP, according to Rousseau and McCarthy, is:
A) Reading current research literature and attending conferences
B) Use of colleagues applying research evidence in practice
C) Develop decision awareness in professional practice
D) Focus on the identification of underlying factors that involve practice decisions
Q3) The third principle in using EBP, according to Rousseau and McCarthy, is:
A) Focus on principles where the science is clear
B) Use of colleagues applying research evidence in practice
C) Develop decision awareness in professional practice
D) Focus on the identification of underlying factors that involve practice decisions
Q4) Kettlewell identified several benefits of using EBP. Name and describe two of these benefits.
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13
Chapter 12: Professional Codes of Ethics and the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the more frequent reasons for such lawsuits against counselors is:
A) dual relationships
B) breach of confidentiality
C) the client's committing suicide.
D) Improper documentation
Q2) ______ was passed by Congress in 1996 with the initial intention of reducing health care costs.
A) HERPA
B) QUIPA
C) HIPPA
D) FERPA
Q3) The three essential elements of duty to warn include all but which:
A) Ability to identify the potential victim
B) A reasonable prediction of immediate harm communicated by the client
C) Permission from the client
D) A special counseling relationship
Q4) What are professional code of ethics? List three professional code of ethics that apply to the counseling discipline.
Q5) Compare and contrast criminal and civil law.
Q6) Discuss the Tarasoff case.
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Chapter 13: Western Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Whereas nonmalevolence suggests that one must refrain from actions that do harm, __________ directs one to take active steps to promote the welfare of others.
A) fidelity
B) benevolence
C) justice
D) autonomy
Q2) A basic premise of ____________theory is that humans seek out happiness and pleasure.
A) human
B) natural
C) utilitarian
D) biological
Q3) There were several early contributors to natural law. St. Augustine in the 13 century and St. Thomas Aquinas in the 4th century offered a Christian version of Aristotle's ethics.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss the criteria that is relevant in determining whether an outcome is moral based or double effect.
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Chapter 14: Eastern Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nonaction, or wu wei, is another important concept in ________.
A) Hinduism
B) Taoism
C) Buddhism
D) Confucianism
Q2) The yang is considered the receptive and weaker aspect of the union between yin and yang
A)True
B)False
Q3) ________ is founded on the primary belief in finding the "middle way."
A) Hinduism
B) Taoism
C) Buddhism
D) Confucianism
Q4) Hinduism is the oldest historically recorded philosophical view, dating back to 2500 BCE.
A) Hinduism
B) Taoism
C) Buddhism
D) Confucianism
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Middle Eastern Ethical Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) There has been a significant increase by ________ in adopting Islamic thought, belief, and religion in the United States.
A) Hispanics
B) Asians
C) African Americans
D) Whites
Q2) One of the major writers on Muslim ethics was:
A) Abd al-Jabbar
B) Jabbar al-Abd
C) Kabbar al-Dba
D) Dba al-Kabbar
Q3) These acts are those that potentially help others or remove harm.
A) Good or required acts
B) Undesirable acts
C) Neutral acts
D) Desirable acts
Q4) What are the four components of good?
Q5) Muhammad died in 1000 CE.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Native American, Hispaniclatino, and African Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) African ethics emphasizes the promotion of humanity and human nature.
A)True
B)False
Q2) This term refers to the desired characteristics of female Latinas.
A) Familismo
B) Caballerismo
C) Marianismo
D) Masculinismo
Q3) Bopp, Bopp, Brown, and Lane (1985) identified the "Sacred Tree" as a symbol of connections within the universe.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ______are expected to be virtuous, humble, and spiritually superior to men and boys.
A) Latinos
B) Latinas
C) Marianismos
D) Caballerismos
Q5) Give a brief overview of African ethics.
Page 18
Q6) Compare and contrast the origins of Hispanic and Latino cultures.
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Page 19