Essentials of Nursing Test
Questions
Course Introduction
Essentials of Nursing introduces students to the foundational concepts and skills necessary for effective nursing practice. The course covers core topics such as patient safety, communication, basic clinical procedures, evidence-based care, ethical and legal responsibilities, and the nursing process. Emphasizing holistic and patient-centered care, students learn to assess health needs, plan and implement nursing interventions, and evaluate outcomes across diverse healthcare settings. Through lectures, simulations, and clinical experiences, students gain the knowledge and competencies required to support individuals, families, and communities in promoting optimal health and wellness.
Recommended Textbook
Fundamentals of Nursing 8th Edition by Patricia
A. Potter
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50 Chapters
1445 Verified Questions
1445 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Nursing Today
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is (are)an example of an advanced practice nurse?
A) Nurse practitioner
B) Clinical nurse specialist
C) Patient advocate
D) Certified registered nurse anesthetist
E) Nurse midwife
Answer: A,B,D,E
Q2) The student nurse has a goal of becoming a certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA).It is important for the student to understand that the CRNA
A) Works under the guidance of an anesthesiologist.
B) Manages acute medical conditions.
C) Manages gynecological services such as PAP smears.
D) Must have a PhD degree in anesthesiology.
Answer: A
Q3) The American Red Cross was founded by
A) Florence Nightingale.
B) Harriet Tubman.
C) Clara Barton.
D) Mary Mahoney.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: The Health Care Delivery System
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient is to be discharged home from a tertiary care center later in the week; therefore,the nurse
A) Coordinates referral of patients to services provided by other disciplines.
B) Monitors the patient's progress through discharge.
C) Cares for patients after discharge.
D) Anticipates and identifies patient needs.
Answer: D
Q2) The nurse is feeling overwhelmed by the constant changes that are part of nursing and the health care system in general.Understanding that changes are necessary,the nurse needs to be aware that
A) The nurse has no control over the changes, but needs to accept them.
B) Quality improvement depends on active participation of nurses.
C) Belonging to nursing organizations will help bring the right changes.
D) Active participation in nursing organizations will have no effect on change.
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Community-Based Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Of the following list of patients,which would be considered at high risk to be members of a vulnerable population?
A) An immigrant who speaks only Chinese
B) An Hispanic truck driver who speaks limited English
C) A 22-year-old pregnant woman
D) A 15-year-old rape victim
E) A 40-year-old schizophrenic
Answer: A,B,D,E
Q2) The student nurse is trying to determine what type of nurse she wants to be after graduation.In class,she states that community health nursing is probably not for her because community nursing focuses only on community issues such as preventing epidemics.The instructor's most appropriate response would be that community health nursing
A) Focuses on the health care of individuals, families, and groups in a community.
B) Focuses only on the health of a specific subgroup in a community.
C) Requires an advanced nursing degree, so the student need not worry.
D) Focuses only on maintaining the health of the community.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with essential hypertension.The physician orders blood pressure medication that the nurse administers.The nurse then monitors the patient's blood pressure for several days to help determine the effectiveness of the administration.In doing so,the nurse evaluates which of the following system components?
A) Input
B) Output
C) Feedback
D) Content
Q2) The patient is admitted to the ICU to rule out a myocardial infarction (MI).During the admission process,the patient is noted to have a history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)and is placed in isolation until cultures can be obtained and the patient declared noninfectious.During the isolation process,the nurse encourages family visits,realizing that which level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is at risk?
A) First level
B) Second level
C) Third level
D) Fourth level
E) Fifth level
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Evidence-Based Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is developing a PICO question related to whether her patient's blood pressure is more accurate while measuring with the patient's legs crossed versus with the patient's feet flat on the floor.With P being the population of interest,I the intervention of interest,C the comparison of interest,and O the outcome,the nurse determines that this is
A) A true PICO question, because the outcome always comes before the intervention.
B) A true PICO question regardless of placement of elements.
C) Not a true PICO question, because the comparison comes after the intervention.
D) Not a true PICO question, because the outcome comes after the population.
Q2) The hospital policy states that when starting an intravenous (IV)catheter,the nurse must first prepare the potential IV site with alcohol and dress it using a gauze dressing.The nurse has done a literature review and believes that evidence-based practice dictates the use of a transparent dressing to prevent catheter dislodgment.What should the nurse do?
A) Begin to use transparent dressing instead of gauze dressings.
B) Bring findings to the policy and procedure committee.
C) Use transparent dressings on half of her IV starts and gauze on the other.
D) Continue following hospital policy without saying anything.
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Chapter 6: Health and Wellness
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is preparing a smoking cessation class and is amazed at how many people still smoke even with the information on lung cancer so readily available.She believes that her class will convert many smokers to nonsmokers once they get all the latest information.The nurse is a believer in which of the following health care models?
A) Health Belief Model
B) Health Promotion Model
C) Basic Human Needs Model
D) Holistic Health Model
Q2) Risk factors can be placed in the following interrelated categories: genetic and physiological factors,age,physical environment,and lifestyle.The presence of any of these risk factors means that
A) A person with the risk factor will get the disease.
B) The chances of getting the disease are increased.
C) The disease is guaranteed not to develop if the risk factor is controlled.
D) Risk modification will have no effect on disease prevention.
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8
Chapter 7: Caring in Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient is to have thoracentesis at the bedside but tells the nurse that he is afraid and would like to cancel.The nurse sits with the patient and asks him to describe his fears.She then explains the procedure and assures the patient that she will be with him during the procedure.The patient agrees to have the procedure,and during the procedure,the nurse stays with the patient,explaining each step and providing encouragement.How has the nurse helped this patient?
A) Providing a presence
B) Listening
C) Providing touch
D) Providing family care
Q2) The term "ethics" refers to the ideals of right and wrong behavior.As such,the "ethics of care" creates a professional relationship in which the nurse
A) Must make decisions for the patient solely using intellectual principles.
B) Must become the patient's advocate based on the patient's wishes.
C) Uses only analytical principles to determine what is best for the patient.
D) Must ignore unequal family relationships because they are personal.
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Chapter 8: Caring for the Cancer Survivor
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is cancer survivorship especially difficult for family members in the "sandwich generation"?
A) They are totally dependent on their parents who have cancer but are still the providers, and hence, "make the sandwiches."
B) They are the primary caregivers of children with cancer, and hence, "make their sandwiches."
C) They are cancer survivors who are in between ("sandwiched") treatments and require a great deal of support.
D) They are caught in the middle of caring for their own immediate family, as well as a parent with cancer.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who is undergoing chemotherapy and radiation for cancer.The patient says that he can't wait until the therapy is done so that he can feel stronger,and asks the nurse about the value of cancer screening when his course of therapy is over.The nurse should inform the patient that cancer screening
A) Should be done on an ongoing schedule.
B) Probably will not be needed because the patient has been cured.
C) Usually is not done even if recommended by the health care provider.
D) Is not something that the health care provider should recommend.
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Chapter 9: Culture and Ethnicity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Providing culturally congruent care means providing care that
A) Fits the patient's valued life patterns and set of meanings.
B) Is based on meanings generated by predetermined criteria.
C) Is the same as the values of the professional health care system.
D) Holds one's own way of life as superior to those of others.
Q2) When caring for a patient of a different culture,it is important for the nurse to understand that
A) The nurse should protect the patient from family intrusion in her health care decisions.
B) Working within the established family hierarchy produces better outcomes.
C) Women as primary caregivers make independent health decisions.
D) Gender is not a factor when it comes to role expectations.
Q3) Which statement is true relative to caring for a Hindu patient who is dying?
A) The family will turn his head eastward or to the right.
B) A close kin will stay with the patient to hear his last wishes.
C) Anointing of the sick is a common right of the dying.
D) The family will place a drop of water on the patient's lips.
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Chapter 10: Caring for Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient in hospice.As she observes the family dynamics,she notes that the patient is getting adequate care,but the wife is not sleeping well and needs rest.The nurse also assesses the need for better family nutrition and meals assistance.The nurse discusses these assessments with the patient and his family and formulates a plan of care with them to address these issues.The nurse is utilizing which approach to family nursing practice?
A) Family as context
B) Family as patient
C) Family as system
D) Autocratic determination
Q2) The family is a central institution in American society; however,the concept,structure,and functioning of the family unit continue to change over time.The uniqueness of each family is referred to as family
A) Durability.
B) Resiliency.
C) Diversity.
D) Forms.
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Chapter 11: Developmental Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) When developing a plan of care concerning growth and development for a hospitalized adolescent,what should the nurse do?
A) Stick with one developmental theory for consistency.
B) Apply developmental theories when making observations of the individual's patterns of growth and development.
C) Compare the individual's assessment findings versus established normal findings.
D) Recognize his/her own moral developmental level.
E) Apply a unidimensional life span perspective.
Q2) Which of these approaches would be most appropriate for the nurse to use when teaching a 4-year-old patient about a scheduled surgery?
A) Give the parents a book to read about the procedure and do not discuss the procedure with the child to decrease anxiety.
B) Set boundaries before teaching by telling the child that she can ask only three questions because time is limited.
C) Insist that the parents wait outside the room to ensure privacy of the child.
D) Allow the child to touch and hold medical equipment such as thermometers and syringes.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Conception Through Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is observing his 2-year-old hospitalized patient in the playroom.The nurse is most likely to observe the child
A) Participating as the leader of a small group activity.
B) Sitting beside another child while playing with blocks.
C) Separating building blocks into groups by size and color.
D) Seeking out same sex children to play with.
Q2) Which of these toys,if selected by the parent of a 10-month-old child,would indicate that the parent has a correct understanding of infant growth and development?
A) A game requiring two to four players
B) Electronic games
C) Small, plastic alphabet letters and magnets
D) Plastic stacking rings
Q3) A mother brings her child to the clinic for a 12-month well visit.The child weighed 6 pounds 2 ounces and was 21 inches long at birth.What finding indicates that the child needs further assessment?
A) Height of 30 inches
B) Weight of 16 pounds
C) The infant is not yet potty-trained.
D) The infant is not yet walking up stairs.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Young and Middle Adults
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to some developmental theorists,intellectual development and moral development differ between men and women.What did Gilligan propose?
A) As women progress toward adulthood, concepts, morals, and responsibility remain unchanged.
B) Providing and protecting remain the sole responsibilities of men in today's society.
C) Women continue to play a minor role in the financial well-being of their families.
D) Women struggle with issues of care and responsibility.
Q2) When performing a thorough psychosocial assessment on a young adult,what must the nurse realize?
A) Having a job is the best way to relieve stress.
B) Although psychologically disturbing, stress does not lead to physical illness.
C) Change is inevitable and is not a factor in stress-related illness.
D) Psychosocial health is often related to job and family stress.
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15
Chapter 14: Older Adults
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Sample Questions
Q1) As the aging population in the United States increases,the nurse knows that the A) Baby boomer generation accounts for a very small percentage of this group.
B) Extension of the average life span has also increased.
C) Population segment over age 85 is decreasing.
D) Diversity of this age group will certainly decrease.
Q2) When comparing developmental tasks of middle-aged persons versus older adults,what should the nurse infer?
A) Learning to cope with loss is most common during the middle adult years.
B) After age 65, most older adults age both biologically and psychologically the same way.
C) All older adults will need nursing assistance to deal with loss.
D) Older adults fear and resent retirement as a disruption of their lifestyle.
Q3) As a patient ages,the nursing plan of care
A) Should be standardized because all geriatric patients have the same needs.
B) Needs to be individualized to the patient's unique needs.
C) Should be based on chronological age alone.
D) Focuses on the disabilities that all aging persons face.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Critical Thinking in Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse enters a room to find the patient sitting up in bed crying.How would the nurse display a critical thinking attitude in this situation?
A) Tell the patient she'll be back in 30 minutes.
B) Set a box of tissues at the patient's bedside before leaving the room.
C) Ask the patient why she is crying.
D) Limit visitors while the patient is upset.
Q2) A nursing instructor needs to evaluate students' abilities to synthesize data and identify relationships between nursing diagnoses.Which learning assignment is best suited for this instructor's needs?
A) Concept mapping
B) Reflective journaling
C) Reading assignment with a written summary
D) Lecture and discussion
Q3) The nursing student can best develop critical thinking skills by doing which of the following?
A) Studying 3 hours more each night
B) Actively participating in all clinical experiences
C) Interviewing staff nurses about their nursing experiences
D) Attending all open skills lab opportunities
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Nursing Assessment
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient verbalizes a low pain level of 2 out of 10 but exhibits extreme facial grimacing while moving around in bed.What is the nurse's best action in response to her observation?
A) Proceed to the next patient's room while making rounds.
B) Offer a massage because the patient does not want any more pain medicine.
C) Administer the pain medication ordered for moderate to severe pain.
D) Ask the patient about the facial grimacing with movement.
Q2) After reviewing the database,the nurse discovers that the patient's vital signs have not been recorded by the nursing assistant.With this in mind,what clinical decision should the nurse make?
A) Administer scheduled medications assuming she would have been informed if the vital signs were abnormal.
B) Have the patient transported to the radiology department for a scheduled x-ray, and review vital signs upon return.
C) Ask the nursing assistant to record the patient's vital signs before administering medications.
D) Omit the vital signs because the patient is presently in no distress.
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Chapter 17: Nursing Diagnosis
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient database reveals that a patient has decreased oral intake,decreased oxygen saturation when ambulating,complaints of shortness of breath when getting out of bed,and a productive cough.What are the defining characteristics for the diagnostic label of Activity intolerance?
A) Decreased oral intake and decreased oxygen saturation when ambulating
B) Decreased oxygen saturation when ambulating and complaints of shortness of breath when getting out of bed
C) Complaints of shortness of breath when getting out of bed and a productive cough
D) Productive cough and decreased oral intake
Q2) The process of using assessment data gathered about a patient combined with critical thinking to explain a nursing diagnosis is known as
A) Diagnostic reasoning.
B) Defining characteristics.
C) Assigning clinical criteria.
D) Diagnostic labeling.
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Chapter 18: Planning Nursing Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse recognizes that another term for a collaborative nursing intervention is _____ intervention.
A) Dependent
B) Independent
C) Interdependent
D) Physician-initiated
Q2) Which of the following options correctly explains what the nurse should do with the plan of care for a patient after it is developed?
A) Place the original copy in the chart, so it cannot be tampered with or revised.
B) Communicate the plan of care to all health care professionals involved in the patient's care.
C) Send the plan of care to the administration office to be filed.
D) Send the plan of care to quality assurance for review.
Q3) The nurse describes evidence-based practice as
A) Practice based on the evidence presented in court.
B) Implementing interventions based on scientific rationale.
C) Using standardized care plans.
D) Planning care based on tradition.
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20
Chapter 19: Implementing Nursing Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse establishes trust and talks with a school-aged patient before administering injections.This nurse is demonstrating which type of implementation skill?
A) Cognitive
B) Interpersonal
C) Psychomotor
D) Judgmental
Q2) A patient visiting with family members in the waiting area tells the nurse that his stomach is not feeling good.Before intervening,what should the nurse do?
A) Ask the patient to return to his room so the nurse can inspect his abdomen.
B) Request that the family leave, so the patient can rest.
C) Ask the patient when his last bowel movement was and to lie down on the sofa.
D) Tell the patient that his dinner tray will be ready in 15 minutes.
Q3) A newly admitted patient who is morbidly obese asks the nurse to assist her to the bathroom for the first time.What should the nurse do first?
A) Ask for at least two other assistive personnel to come to the room.
B) Medicate the patient to alleviate discomfort while ambulating.
C) Offer the patient a walker.
D) Review the patient's activity orders.
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Chapter 20: Evaluation
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nursing student asks her nursing instructor to describe the primary purpose of evaluation.Which of the following statements made by the nursing instructor is most accurate?
A) "During evaluation, you determine whether all nursing interventions were completed."
B) "During evaluation, you determine when to downsize staffing on nursing units."
C) "Nurses use evaluation to determine the effectiveness of nursing care."
D) "Evaluation eliminates unnecessary paperwork and care planning."
Q2) Which of the following are examples of evaluative measures that a nurse should utilize when determining the patient's response to nursing care?
A) Observations of wound healing
B) Assessment of respiratory rate and depth
C) Blood pressure measurement
D) Implementation of nursing interventions
E) Patient's subjective report of feelings about a new diagnosis of cancer
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Chapter 21: Managing Patient Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) With the current shortage of nursing faculty and nursing programs,which nursing care delivery model is least feasible in many agencies?
A) Total patient care
B) Primary nursing
C) Team nursing
D) Case management
Q2) A charge nurse should instruct a new nurse taking care of a patient with hypercholesterolemia to make which of these lifestyle modifications?
A) High-protein, high-fat diet
B) Decreased walking frequency from three times to two times a week
C) Discontinuation of antihypertensive medications
D) Smoking cessation
Q3) A nurse observes a patient care technician using all these measures when taking vital signs.Which measure requires the nurse to intervene?
A) Palpates brachial artery before inflating blood pressure cuff
B) Counts respirations while palpating radial pulse
C) Inserts thermometer into sublingual pocket after patient sips water
D) Asks patient to relax arm before taking blood pressure
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Chapter 22: Ethics and Values
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient's son requests to view the documentation in his mother's medical record.What is the nurse's best response to this request?
A) "I'll be happy to get that for you."
B) "You will have to talk to the physician about that."
C) "You will need your mother's permission."
D) "You are not allowed to see it."
Q2) Which issue has increased the attention paid to quality of life concerns in recent history?
A) Health care disparities
B) National movement regarding disabled persons
C) Aging of the population
D) Health care financial reform
Q3) Which patient is most likely to have difficulty with the ethical concept of autonomy?
A) 18-year-old patient in labor
B) 35-year-old patient with appendicitis
C) 53-year-old patient with pancreatitis
D) 78-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis
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Chapter 23: Legal Implications in Nursing Practice
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Q1) While recovering from a severe illness,a hospitalized patient states that he wants to change his living will,which he signed nine months ago.Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
A) "Check with your admitting health care provider whether a copy is on your chart."
B) "Have you talked with your attorney recently about a living will?"
C) "Your living will can be changed only once each calendar year."
D) "Let me check with someone here in the hospital who can assist you."
Q2) A nurse performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)on a 92-year-old with brittle bones and breaks a rib during the procedure,which then punctures a lung.The patient recovers completely without any residual problems and sues the nurse for pain and suffering,and for malpractice.What key point will the prosecution attempt to prove?
A) The CPR procedure was done incorrectly.
B) The patient would have died if nothing was done.
C) The patient was resuscitated according to policy.
D) Patients with brittle bones might sustain fractures when chest compressions are done.
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Chapter 24: Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nurses who make the best communicators
A) Develop critical thinking skills.
B) Like different kinds of people.
C) Learn effective psychomotor skills.
D) Maintain perceptual biases.
Q2) When making rounds,the nurse finds a patient who is not able to sleep because of surgery in the morning.Which therapeutic response is most appropriate?
A) "It will be okay. Your surgeon will talk to you in the morning."
B) "Why can't you sleep? You have the best surgeon in the hospital."
C) "Don't worry. The surgeon ordered a sleeping pill to help you sleep."
D) "It must be difficult not to know what the surgeon will find. What can I do to help?"
Q3) A nurse believes that the nurse-patient relationship is a partnership,and that both are equal participants.Which term should the nurse use to describe this belief?
A) Critical thinking
B) Authentic
C) Mutuality
D) Attend
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Chapter 25: Patient Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse wants the patient to begin to accept the chronic nature of diabetes.Which teaching technique should the nurse use to enhance learning?
A) Lecture
B) Demonstration
C) Role play
D) Question and answer session
Q2) A student nurse learns that a normal adult heartbeat is 60 to 100 beats/minute.In which domain did learning take place?
A) Kinesthetic
B) Cognitive
C) Affective
D) Psychomotor
Q3) A nurse is going to teach a patient about hypertension.Which action should the nurse implement first?
A) Set mutual goals for knowledge of hypertension.
B) Teach what the patient wants to know about hypertension.
C) Assess what the patient already knows about hypertension.
D) Evaluate the outcomes of patient education for hypertension.
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Chapter 26: Documentation and Informatics
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is charting on a patient's record.Which action is most accurate legally?
A) Charts legibly
B) States the patient is belligerent
C) Uses correction fluid to correct error
D) Writes entry for another nurse
Q2) A nurse preceptor is working with a student nurse.Which behavior by the student nurse will require the nurse preceptor to intervene?
A) The student nurse reviews the patient's medical record.
B) The student nurse reads the patient's plan of care.
C) The student nurse shares patient information with a friend.
D) The student nurse documents medication administered to the patient.
Q3) A nurse needs to begin discharge planning for a patient admitted with pneumonia and a congested cough.When is the best time the nurse should start discharge planning for this patient?
A) Upon admission
B) Right before discharge
C) After the congestion is treated
D) When the primary care provider writes the order
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28
Chapter 27: Patient Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is completing discharge education for the patient regarding home medications.Which patient behavior is an indication that the patient understands the directions regarding the antibiotic medication?
A) The patient nods throughout the educational session.
B) The patient reads the medication prescription out loud.
C) The patient states, "I will finish the antibiotic in ten days."
D) The patient asks where to get the prescription filled.
Q2) The nurse is caring for an elderly patient admitted with nausea,vomiting,and diarrhea.Upon completing the health history,which priority concern would require collaboration with social services to address the patient's health care needs?
A) The electricity was turned off 2 days ago.
B) The water comes from the county water supply.
C) A son and family recently moved into the home.
D) The home is not furnished with a microwave oven.
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Chapter 28: Infection Prevention and Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) A female adult patient presents to the clinic with reports of a white discharge and itching in the vaginal area.During the health history,which of these questions should the nurse prioritize?
A) "When was the last time you visited the physician?"
B) "Has this condition affected your eating habits?"
C) "What medications are you currently taking?"
D) "Are you able to sleep at night?"
Q2) The patient has contracted a urinary tract infection while in the hospital.Which of these actions would most likely increase the risk of a patient contracting a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
A) Emptying the urinary drainage bag once a shift
B) Reusing the patient's graduated receptacle to empty the drainage bag
C) Allowing the drainage bag port to touch the graduated receptacle
D) Providing perineal hygiene at least once a shift
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Chapter 29: Vital Signs
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Sample Questions
Q1) Of the following patients,which one is the best candidate to have his temperature taken orally?
A) A 27-year-old postoperative patient with an elevated temperature
B) A teenage boy who has just returned from outside "for a smoke"
C) An 87-year-old confused male suspected of hypothermia
D) A 20-year-old male with a history of epilepsy
Q2) When taking the pulse of an infant,the nurse notices that the rate is 145 beats/min and the rhythm is regular.The nurse realizes that his rate is
A) Normal for an infant.
B) The proper rate for a toddler.
C) Too slow for an infant.
D) The same as that of a normal adult.
Q3) When assessing the temperature of newborns and children,the nurse decides to utilize a temporal artery thermometer.Why is this preferable to methods used for adults?
A) It is accurate even when the forehead is covered with hair.
B) It is not affected by skin moisture.
C) It reflects rapid changes in radiant temperature.
D) There is no risk of injury to patient or nurse.
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Chapter 30: Health Assessment and Physical Examination
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is the best examination position for a complete geriatric physical examination on a weak patient with bilateral basilar pneumonia?
A) Prone position
B) Sims' position
C) Supine position
D) Lateral recumbent
Q2) While assessing the skin of an 82-year-old male patient,a nurse discovers nonpainful ruby red papules on the patient's trunk.What is the nurse's next action?
A) Explain that the patient has basal cell carcinoma and should watch for spread.
B) Document cherry angiomas as a normal geriatric skin finding.
C) Tell the patient that he has a benign squamous cell carcinoma.
D) Document the presence of edema.
Q3) The best term for breath sounds created by air moving through large lung airways is A) Bronchovesicular.
B) Rhonchi.
C) Bronchial.
D) Vesicular.
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Chapter 31: Medication Administration
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Sample Questions
Q1) A physician orders 1000 mL of normal saline to infuse at a rate of 50 mL/hr.The nurse plans on hanging a new bag at what time?
A) 2 hours
B) 5 hours
C) 10 hours
D) 20 hours
Q2) Which of the following demonstrates proper oral medication administration?
A) Removing the medication from the wrapper and placing it in a cup labeled with the patient's information
B) Using the edge of the medicine cup to fill with 0.5 mL of liquid medication
C) Placing all of the patient's medications in the same cup, except medications with assessments
D) Combining liquid medications from 2 single dose cups into 1 medicine cup
Q3) The nurse knows that a subcutaneous injection takes longer to absorb because
A) Fewer blood vessels are found under the subcutaneous level.
B) Adipose tissue takes longer to metabolize medication.
C) Connective tissue holds medication in place longer.
D) Some medication leaks out after instillation.
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Chapter 32: Complementary and Alternative Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) A teen with an anxiety disorder is referred for biofeedback because her parents do not want her on anxiolytics.The nurse recognizes that the teen understands her health education on biofeedback when she states,"Biofeedback will
A) Allow me to direct my energies in an intentional way when stressed."
B) Allow me to manipulate my stressed out joints."
C) Help me with my thoughts, feelings, and physiological responses to stress."
D) Let me assess and redirect my energy fields."
Q2) The 1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act impacted herbal therapies in what way?
A) Allowed for labeling of herbal medicines as safe
B) Allowed herbs to be sold as dietary supplements
C) Classified herbs as beneficial, harmful, or neutral
D) Classified herbs as "natural" foods
Q3) In a cardiac dysrhythmia clinic,a patient inquires about using acupuncture to help alleviate stress.The nurse's best answer is which of the following?
A) "It is acceptable, but do not use electro-acupuncture."
B) "It is very clearly contraindicated."
C) "Do not allow needles near the heart."
D) "You do not look like you have an infection, so it will be OK."
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Page 34
Chapter 33: Self-Concept
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Sample Questions
Q1) A verbally abusive partner has told his significant other many negative comments over the years.In the crisis center,the nurse would anticipate that the patient may have which of the following self-concept deficits?
A) Body image
B) Role confusion
C) Rigidity
D) Yearning
Q2) The nurse can best assess the patient's self-concept by evaluating the patient's A) Drug abuse history.
B) Nonverbal behavior.
C) Personal journal.
D) Social networking site.
Q3) The nurse in an addictions clinic is working with a patient on priority setting before the patient's discharge from residential treatment.An appropriate priority for a patient at this clinic would be
A) Identifying local self-help groups before being discharged from the program.
B) Staying away from all triggers that cause substance abuse.
C) Stating a plan to never be tempted by illicit substances after discharge.
D) Identifying personal areas of weakness to grow stronger.
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Page 35
Chapter 34: Sexuality
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient asks the nurse what signs and symptoms are associated with chlamydia.How should the nurse respond?
A) The first signs that chlamydia presents are frequency and burning upon urination.
B) Symptoms of chlamydia usually affect only women.
C) Small red blisters appear first and then multiply.
D) Dementia results if chlamydia goes untreated too long.
Q2) Which patient is most in need of a nurse's referral to adoption services?
A) A patient considering abortion for an unwanted pregnancy
B) An infertile couple religiously opposed to artificial insemination
C) A woman who suffered miscarriage during her first pregnancy
D) A couple who has been attempting conception for 3 months
Q3) The nurse is leading a seminar about menopause and age-related changes.The nurse knows that a patient does not fully understand the changes of aging when the patient says
A) "I will no longer ovulate after menopause."
B) "Orgasms are no longer achievable after menopause."
C) "Hormones of sexual regulation such as estrogen decrease with age."
D) "As men age, their ability to sexually perform may decrease."
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Chapter 35: Spiritual Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statement about religion and spirituality is true?
A) Religion is a unifying theme in people's lives.
B) Spirituality is unique to the individual.
C) Spirituality encompasses religion.
D) Religion and spirituality are synonymous.
Q2) Spiritual distress has been identified in a patient who has been diagnosed with AIDS.Upon evaluating the following interventions,which are appropriate for the diagnosis of Spiritual distress?
A) Develop activities to heal body, mind, and spirit.
B) Assess for potential suicide.
C) Offer to pray with the patient.
D) Teach relaxation, guided imagery, and meditation.
E) Have patient avoid church attendance.
Q3) The patient is admitted with chronic back pain.The nurse who is caring for this patient should
A) Focus on finding quick remedies for the back pain.
B) Look at how pain influences the patient's ability to function.
C) Realize that the patient's only goal is relief of the back pain.
D) Help the patient realize that there is little hope of relief from chronic pain.
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Page 37
Chapter 36: The Experience of Loss, death, and Grief
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Sample Questions
Q1) The mother of a recently murdered child keeps the child's room intact.Family members are encouraging her to redecorate and move forward in life.The visiting nurse recognizes this behavior as _____ grief.
A) Normal
B) End-of-life
C) Abnormal
D) Complicated
Q2) Enuresis is reported in a previously toilet trained toddler.While gathering a health history from the grandparent,the nurse asks about which factor as the most likely cause?
A) Lack of outside playtime
B) Having too many toys
C) Dietary changes
D) Recent parental death
Q3) The palliative team's primary obligation to a patient in severe pain includes which of the following?
A) Supporting the patient's nurse in her grief
B) Providing postmortem care for the patient
C) Teaching the patient the stages of grief
D) Enhancing the patient's quality of life
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Chapter 37: Stress and Coping
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the evaluation stage of the critical thinking model applied to a patient coping with stress,the nurse will
A) Select nursing interventions to promote the patient's adaptation to stress.
B) Establish short- and long-term goals with the patient experiencing stress.
C) Identify stress management interventions for achieving expected outcomes.
D) Reassess patient's stress-related symptoms and compare with expected outcomes.
Q2) The purpose of unconscious ego defense mechanisms is to do which of the following for the individual?
A) Protect against feelings of worthlessness and anxiety.
B) Facilitate the use of problem-focused coping.
C) Evaluate an event for its personal meaning.
D) Trigger the stress control functions of the medulla oblongata.
Q3) While giving a lecture on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,the nurse encourages which of the following to reduce children's stress regarding homework assignments?
A) Time management skills
B) Prevention of iron deficiency anemia
C) Routine preventative health visits
D) Speech articulation skills
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Page 39
Chapter 38: Activity and Exercise
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Sample Questions
Q1) In planning a physical activity program for a patient,the nurse must understand that
A) Isotonic exercises cause contraction without changing muscle length.
B) The best program includes a combination of exercises.
C) Isometric contraction involves the movement of body parts.
D) Resistive isometric exercises can lead to bone wasting.
Q2) The patient is being admitted for elective knee surgery.While the nurse is admitting the patient,she will
A) Begin to develop a discharge plan.
B) Plan to wait until after the surgery to plan for discharge.
C) Place a generalized discharge plan in the record for later use.
D) Address immediate needs of the patient only and address other needs later.
Q3) The nurse is preparing to position an immobile patient.Before doing so,the nurse must understand that
A) Manual lifting is the easier method and should be tried first.
B) Following body mechanics principles alone will prevent back injury.
C) Body mechanics can be ignored when patient handling equipment is used.
D) Body mechanics alone are not sufficient to prevent injuries.
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Chapter 39: Hygiene
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for an unresponsive patient who has a nasogastric tube in place for continuous tube feedings.The nurse assesses the patient's oral hygiene because good oral hygiene
A) Helps prevent gingivitis.
B) May cause glossitis.
C) May lead to halitosis.
D) Causes tongue coating.
Q2) The patient has been diagnosed with diabetes for the past 12 years.When admitted,the patient is unkempt and is in need of a bath and foot care.When questioned about his hygiene habits,the patient tells the nurse that baths are taken once a week where he comes from,although he takes a sponge bath every other day.To provide ultimate care for this patient,the nurse understands that
A) Personal preferences determine hygiene practices and are unchangeable.
B) Patients who appear unkempt place little importance on hygiene practices.
C) The patient's illness may require teaching of new hygiene practices.
D) All cultures value cleanliness with the same degree of importance.
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Chapter 40: Oxygenation
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse caring for a patient with COPD knows that which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate?
A) Nasal cannula
B) Simple face mask
C) Partial non-rebreather mask
D) Non-rebreather mask
Q2) The P wave is represented by which portion of the conduction system?
A) SA node
B) AV node
C) Bundle of HIS
D) Purkinje network
Q3) Myocardial blood flow is unidirectional; the nurse knows that the correct pathway is which of the following?
A) Right atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, left atrium
B) Right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
C) Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
D) Right atrium, left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle
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Chapter 41: Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Approximately two thirds of the body's total water volume exists in the _____ fluid.
A) Intracellular
B) Interstitial
C) Intravascular
D) Transcellular
Q2) The nurse selects appropriate tubing for a blood transfusion by ensuring that the tubing has
A) Two-way valves to allow the patient's blood to mix and warm the blood transfusing.
B) An injection port to mix additional electrolytes into the blood.
C) An air vent to let bubbles in the blood escape.
D) A filter to ensure that clots do not enter the patient.
Q3) The nurse knows that edema in a patient who has venous congestion from right heart failure is facilitated by an imbalance with regard to _____ pressure.
A) Hydrostatic
B) Osmotic
C) Oncotic
D) Concentration
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43
Chapter 42: Sleep
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is having a conversation with an adolescent regarding the need for sleep.The adolescent states that it is common to stay up with friends several nights a week.Which nursing action should the nurse take?
A) Discuss with the adolescent's parent staying up with friends and the need for sleep.
B) Discuss with the adolescent sleep needs and the effects of excessive daytime sleepiness.
C) This is a normal occurrence for adolescents and action is not required.
D) Explore the reason for staying up late with friends several nights a week.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a postpartum patient.The patient's labor has lasted over 28 hours within the hospital; the patient has not slept and is disoriented to date and time.What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis?
A) Impaired parenting
B) Insomnia
C) Ineffective coping
D) Sleep deprivation
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Chapter 43: Pain Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is caring for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who is now going to be taking 2 acetaminophen (Tylenol)tablets every 6 hours to control pain.Which part of the patient's social history is the nurse most concerned about?
A) Patient drinks 1 to 2 glasses of wine every night.
B) Patient smokes 2 packs of cigarettes a day.
C) Patient occasionally smokes marijuana.
D) Patient takes antianxiety medications.
Q2) A nurse has brought the patient his scheduled pain medication.The patient asks the nurse to wait to give pain medication until the time for the dressing change,which is 2 hours away.Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?
A) "This medication will still be providing you relief at the time of your dressing change."
B) "OK, swallow this pain pill, and I will return in a minute to fill your wound."
C) "Would you like medication to be given for dressing changes on top of your regularly scheduled medication?"
D) "Your medication is scheduled for this time, and I can't adjust the time for you. I'm sorry, but you must take your pill right now."
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45
Chapter 44: Nutrition
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Q1) In providing diet education for a patient on a low-fat diet,it is important for the nurse to understand that with few exceptions
A) Saturated fats are found mostly in vegetable sources.
B) Saturated fats are found mostly in animal sources.
C) Unsaturated fats are found mostly in animal sources.
D) Linoleic acid is a saturated fatty acid.
Q2) The nurse is concerned about pulmonary aspiration when providing her patient with tube feedings.The nurse should
A) Verify tube placement before feeding.
B) Lower the head of the bed to a supine position.
C) Add blue food coloring to the enteral formula.
D) Run the formula over 12 hours to decrease volume.
Q3) The patient is having at least 75% of his nutritional needs met by enteral feeding,so the physician has ordered the PN to be discontinued.However,the nurse notices that the PN infusion has fallen behind.The nurse should
A) Increase the rate to get the volume caught up before discontinuing.
B) Stop the infusion and hang a normal saline drip in place.
C) Taper the PN infusion gradually.
D) Hang 5% dextrose if the PN runs out.
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Page 46
Chapter 45: Urinary Elimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse would anticipate an order for which diagnostic test for a patient who has severe flank pain and calcium phosphate crystals revealed on urinalysis?
A) Renal ultrasound
B) Bladder scan
C) KUB x-ray
D) Intravenous pyelogram
Q2) Which nursing actions are acceptable when collecting a urine specimen?
A) Growing urine cultures for up to 12 hours
B) Labeling all specimens with date, time, and initials
C) Wearing gown, gloves, and mask for all specimen handling
D) Allowing the patient adequate time and privacy to void
E) Squeezing urine from diapers into a urine specimen cup
F) Transporting specimens to the laboratory in a timely fashion
G) Placing a plastic bag over the child's urethra to catch urine
Q3) When establishing a diagnosis of altered urinary elimination,the nurse should first
A) Establish normal voiding patterns for the patient.
B) Encourage the patient to flush kidneys by drinking excessive fluids.
C) Monitor patients' voiding attempts by assisting them with every attempt.
D) Discuss causes and solutions to problems related to micturition.
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Page 47
Chapter 46: Bowel Elimination
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Q1) The nurse administers a cathartic to a patient.The nurse determines that the cathartic has had a therapeutic effect when the patient
A) Has a decreased level of anxiety.
B) Experiences pain relief.
C) Has a bowel movement.
D) Passes flatulence.
Q2) The nurse is assessing a patient 2 hours after a colonoscopy.Based on the procedure done,what focused assessment will the nurse include?
A) Bowel sounds
B) Presence of flatulence
C) Bowel movements
D) Nausea
Q3) Which of the following is not a function of the large intestine?
A) Absorbing nutrients
B) Absorbing water
C) Secreting bicarbonate
D) Eliminating waste
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Chapter 47: Mobility and Immobility
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient is being admitted to the neurological unit with the diagnosis of stroke.The nurse should begin discharge planning
A) At the time of admission.
B) The day before the patient is to be discharged.
C) As soon as the patient's discharge destination is known.
D) When outpatient therapy will no longer be needed.
Q2) What is meant by "concentric tension" of muscles?
A) Increased muscle contraction results in movement.
B) The speed and direction of movement are controlled.
C) Tension causes no shortening or active movement.
D) Tension does not result in isotonic contraction.
Q3) The nurse is caring for a patient with a spinal cord injury and notices that the patient's hips have a tendency to rotate externally when the patient is supine.To help prevent injury secondary to this rotation,the nurse can use
A) A trochanter roll.
B) The trapeze bar.
C) Hand rolls.
D) Hand-wrist splints.
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Chapter 48: Skin Integrity and Wound Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient with a healing stage III pressure ulcer.Upon entering the room,the nurse notices an odor and observes a purulent discharge,along with increased redness at the wound site.What is the next best step for the nurse?
A) Complete the head-to-toe assessment, and include current treatment, vital signs, and laboratory results.
B) Notify the charge nurse about the change in status and the potential for infection.
C) Notify the physician by utilizing Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation (SBAR).
D) Notify the wound care nurse about the change in status and the potential for infection.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient with a wound.The patient appears anxious as the nurse is preparing to change the dressing.What should the nurse do to decrease the patient's anxiety?
A) Tell the patient to close his eyes.
B) Explain the procedure.
C) Turn on the television.
D) Ask the family to leave the room.
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Chapter 49: Sensory Alterations
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Q1) A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing vertigo.Which nursing intervention would assist the patient in controlling the vertigo?
A) Increasing fluid intake to 3 liters a day
B) Watching television instead of reading books
C) Avoiding riding in vehicles and making sudden motions
D) Placing several antiemetic patches on the patient
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who is having difficulty understanding written and spoken word? The nurse suspects the patient has _____ aphasia.
A) Expressive
B) Receptive
C) Broca's
D) Wernicke's
Q3) Which nursing assessment best measures cognitive functioning?
A) Administer a Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE).
B) Ask the patient his name, where he is, and what month it is.
C) Ask the patient's family if the patient is behaving normally.
D) Evaluate the patient's ability to read the newspaper.
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Chapter 50: Care of Surgical Patients
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient in the operating suite.Which of the following outcomes would be most appropriate for this patient?
A) At the end of the intraoperative phase, the patient will be free of burns at the grounding pad.
B) At the end of the intraoperative phase, the patient will be free of infection.
C) At the end of the intraoperative phase, the patient will be free of nausea and vomiting.
D) At the end of the intraoperative phase, the patient will be free of pain.
Q2) The nurse has administered an anxiolytic as a preoperative medication to the patient going to surgery.Which of the following is the best next step?
A) Waste any unused medication according to policy.
B) Notify the operating suite that the medication has been given.
C) Instruct the patient to call for help to go to the restroom.
D) Ask the patient to sign the consent for surgery.
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