Essentials of Nursing
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Essentials of Nursing is a foundational course that introduces students to the core principles and practices of the nursing profession. The course covers basic nursing concepts, including patient care techniques, communication skills, ethical and legal responsibilities, and the nursing process. Students will learn about health promotion, infection control, safety, and the importance of providing holistic, patient-centered care. Through theoretical instruction and practical laboratory experiences, students develop essential skills required for effective nursing practice in diverse healthcare settings.
Recommended Textbook Fundamentals of Nursing 1st Edition by Barbara Yoost
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42 Chapters
1050 Verified Questions
1050 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse manager is interviewing graduate nurses to fill existing staffing vacancies.When hiring graduate nurses,the nurse manager realizes that they will probably not be considered "competent" until:
A) They graduate and pass NCLEX.
B) They have worked 2 to 3 years.
C) Their last year of nursing school.
D) They are actually hired.
Answer: B
Q2) The nurse is delegating frequent blood pressure (BP)measurements for a patient admitted with a gunshot wound to a licensed practical nurse (LPN).When delegating,the nurse understands that:
A) He/she may assume that the LPN is able to perform this task appropriately.
B) The LPN is ultimately responsible for the patient findings and assessment.
C) The LPN may perform the tasks assigned without further supervision.
D) He/she retains ultimate responsibility for patient care and supervision is needed.
Answer: D
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3
Chapter 2: Values,Beliefs,and Caring
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Sample Questions
Q1) When developing a nursing practice,it is important for the nurse to:
A) be exposed to negative as well as positive role models.
B) avoid negative role models as much as possible.
C) understand that caring and compassion are taught in class.
D) consider another profession if he/she is not naturally compassionate.
Answer: A
Q2) Which action observed by a nurse manager may be indicative of codependency behavior?
A) A staff nurse orders extra desserts for a patient diagnosed with morbid obesity.
B) A medication nurse administers scheduled pain medication to patients as ordered.
C) A respiratory therapist teaches a patient's wife how to adjust an oxygen mask.
D) A nursing assistant encourages a patient to assist with the morning bath.
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is performing an abdominal assessment on a postoperative surgical patient.The nurse notes that the dressing needs to be changed twice a day and discusses when the patient would like to have it done.The nurse then plans to change the dressing at that time.In which phase of the nurse-patient helping relationship would this process occur?
A) Introductory phase
B) Orientation phase
C) Working phase
D) Termination phase
Answer: C
Q2) The nurse manager sends an e-mail to the nursing staff as a reminder for a scheduled monthly meeting.In doing so,the nurse manager understands that e-mail:
A) is usually slower than other methods to disseminate knowledge.
B) has the potential for miscommunication.
C) cannot be used to deliver vital information.
D) is especially effective because of the use of nonverbal cues.
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Critical Thinking in Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse has been practicing for several years and has become the unofficial leader,with newer nurses going to her for advice about patient care.They are amazed at how much the older nurse "thinks like a nurse." In order to "think like a nurse," the nurse must: (Select all that apply. )
A) be a nurse for several years.
B) be able to apply knowledge in making clinical decisions.
C) actively participate in the process.
D) accept procedures that have been in place for years as right.
E) develop a questioning attitude.
Q2) The nurse completes the health interview and physical exam on a patient admitted with an infection of the gallbladder.The nurse reviews the medical record and compares the abnormal lab results to the normal standards.Which critical thinking skill is the nurse using in this part of the nursing process?
A) Interpretation
B) Analysis
C) Evaluation
D) Inference
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Chapter 5: Introduction to the Nursing Process
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Sample Questions
Q1) The charge nurse is discussing a patient's care plan during a team meeting.The team determines that the patient has not met the goal of "ambulating to the nurse's station twice a day" and decides to revise the plan.Which of the following characteristics of the nursing process most represents this decision?
A) Organization
B) Dynamics
C) Adaptability
D) Outcome orientation
Q2) The nursing process is the foundation of professional nursing practice.As such,the nursing process can be defined as:
A) The framework that nurses used to provide care.
B) A complex process during which nurses think about their thinking.
C) The process that allows nurses to collect essential data.
D) Thinking like a nurse in developing plans of care.
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Chapter 6: Assessment
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia.The patient is a retired soldier who served in World War II.In light of this,the nurse should:
A) shake the patient's hand and allow the patient time to "warm up."
B) expect the patient to be optimistic and question everything.
C) allow the patient to multitask and talk in short "sound bites."
D) understand that the patient is probably technologically literate.
Q2) The nurse is attempting to get the patient to sign the operative consent.When asked if the health care provider explained the procedure to the patient,the patient replies "Not much." The nurse should:
A) develop a comprehensive teaching plan related to the surgical procedure.
B) ask the patient what information the doctor has explained about the surgery.
C) contact the surgeon and ask for further clarification of information given to patient.
D) focus on postoperative exercises and home-care following surgery.
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Chapter 7: Nursing Diagnosis
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse has requested an order to place a patient on suicide watch.Which data noted in the health assessment led the nurse to this conclusion? (Select all that apply. )
A) Threats of killing oneself
B) Chronic pain
C) History of prior suicide attempt
D) Loneliness
E) Stable heart rhythm
Q2) A group of nursing students is discussing the importance of accurately selecting nursing diagnoses.Which of the following are reasons for choosing the diagnoses carefully? (Select all that apply. )
A) Patient satisfaction
B) Positive patient outcomes
C) Quality patient care
D) Help develop standardized care plans
E) Determine appropriate interventions
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Chapter 8: Planning
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone abdominal surgery.The patient stated prior to surgery that "I don't think I'll be able to handle this if I get a colostomy.I wouldn't know how to manage it." There is no "next of kin" listed in the patient's record.The patient is complaining of severe surgical pain.The nurse is correct when addressing which nursing diagnosis first?
A) Pain
B) Alteration in body image
C) Knowledge deficit
D) Risk for falls
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who has had abdominal surgery but has developed a slight temperature.A patient-centered goal would be:
A) the patient's temperature will return to normal within 24 hours.
B) the nurse will medicate the patient for surgical pain every 4 hours.
C) skin integrity will be maintained until the patient is ambulatory.
D) the patient will ambulate 10 feet by post-op day 2.
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Chapter 9: Implementation and Evaluation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Repositioning a patient,providing hygiene,and active listening are examples of:
A) dependent interventions.
B) independent nursing interventions.
C) standing orders.
D) counseling.
Q2) The nurse has many roles.One is to support and work on behalf of patients for whom he/she has concern.This role is known as:
A) advocate.
B) primary care provider.
C) collaborator.
D) delegator.
Q3) The male nurse is caring for a female patient who needs a complete bed bath.The patient requests that a female nurse bathe her.The male nurse recognizes this request as an example of:
A) gender diversity involving generational norms or cultural considerations.
B) life span diversity.
C) disability diversity.
D) morphology diversity.
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11
Chapter 10: Documentation, Electronic Health Records, and Reporting
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is preparing to administer medications to the patient.Prior to doing so,she/he compares the provider orders with the:
A) flow sheet
B) Kardex
C) MAR
D) admission summary
Q2) If a verbal or phone order is necessary in an emergency,the order:
A) must be taken by an RN or LPN.
B) must be repeated verbatim to confirm accuracy.
C) documented as a written order.
D) does not need further verification by the provider.
Q3) The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)mandates that health information can be shared: (Select all that apply. )
A) In order to provide treatment for the patient.
B) To determine billing and payment issues.
C) To enhance health care operations related to the patient.
D) In public areas such as the cafeteria or elevator.
E) Over the telephone with any family member
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Chapter 11: Ethical and Legal Considerations
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29 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which law protects health care professionals from charges of negligence when providing emergency care at the scene of an accident?
A) Good Samaritan Act
B) HIPPA
C) Licensure
D) Living wills
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who has been belligerent and is in four-point "leather" restraints.The patient is verbally abusive and still tries to kick and punch staff even though he is restrained.The nurse should:
A) ignore the patient's needs until he "calms down."
B) strike the patient if necessary to protect herself/himself.
C) continue to attempt to meet the patient's needs.
D) threaten the patient with retaliation if he doesn't stop.
Q3) The nurse has been involved sexually with a patient.This is considered an act of: A) malpractice.
B) libel.
C) slander.
D) battery.
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13
Chapter 12: Leadership and Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse does not have to be a manager to be a leader.Even at the bedside,nurses use leadership skills,although possibly in different ways than a nurse manager.The nurse who plans,organizes,delivers,and evaluates nursing care for patients is functioning as a:
A) patient care provider.
B) patient advocate.
C) case manager.
D) clinical nurse leader.
Q2) The nurse has made patient care assignments and expects all team members to set their own goals for the day and manage their time to meet their goals.The nurse is implementing what style of leadership?
A) Autocratic
B) Democratic
C) Bureaucratic
D) Laissez-faire
Q3) Communication skills are most essential for the nurse:
A) when they become nurse managers.
B) except when delegation is required.
C) to decrease nurse-family interaction.
D) to obtain information from patients.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Evidence-Based Practice and Nursing Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) A human subject is defined as a living individual about whom an investigator conducting research obtains:
A) data without direct or indirect interaction or intervention.
B) information that is not expected to be made public.
C) no diagnostic information and does not manipulate the subjects environment.
D) information without any communication/contact during the research.
Q2) Testing the application of theories in different situations with different populations is considered to be:
A) applied research.
B) clinical research.
C) basic research.
D) quantitative research.
Q3) The nurse has identified a research problem.What is the next step for this student?
A) Conduct a literature review.
B) Address ethical procedures.
C) Collect data.
D) Analyze data.
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Chapter 14: Health Literacy and Patient Education
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following patients would most likely need to have adjustments made to the education plan for discharge because of role function?
A) A 67-year-old married female who lives with her retired husband
B) A 32-year-old single mother of a toddler following hysterectomy.
C) A 13-year-old who lives at home with his parents after appendectomy
D) A 50-year-old married mother with 2 child in college and teenager at home
Q2) Ongoing evaluation of patient education occurs by:
A) each member of the health care team who provides teaching.
B) the nurse who evaluates the patient's physical abilities.
C) the patient stating that he understands the instruction.
D) not allowing review so the focus remains forward.
Q3) The nurse is preparing to teach a 90-year-old patient.In teaching an elderly patient,the nurse realizes that:
A) most elderly patients are highly literate.
B) cognitive abilities always decline with age.
C) sensory alterations often occur with aging.
D) teaching methods are the same as for the middle aged.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Nursing Informatics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Information technology (IT)can be used to increase patient safety.The nurse uses IT in this way by:
A) creating redundancy in orders making them safer.
B) removing the need for verification by the nurse.
C) analyzing errors to develop prevention strategies.
D) eliminating the need for bar codes in medication administration.
Q2) The director of nursing on a medical-surgical floor has met education and experience requirements in nursing informatics.The nurse might expect administration to request that he/she pursue:
A) technical competencies.
B) utility competencies.
C) certification from ANCC.
D) leadership competencies.
Q3) The integration of nursing,computers,and information science for the management and communication of data,information,knowledge,and wisdom is:
A) nursing informatics.
B) computer science.
C) medical informatics.
D) informatics.
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Health and Wellness
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient is asking about using the Internet for resources regarding lifestyle behaviors and benefits of modification.The nurse's should tell the patient that:
A) information on lifestyle behaviors is not available on the Internet.
B) the patient should use websites that are easy to understand.
C) ,most websites are designed for health care providers only.
D) only negative outcomes are evaluated on the Internet.
Q2) The nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient with a hip fracture.In order to prioritize the patient's care,the nurse should use:
A) the Health Belief Model.
B) Pender's Health Promotion Model.
C) Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
D) the Holistic Health Model.
Q3) The nursing goal for all individuals and their families seeking preventive care is to have individuals and families:
A) take responsibility for their health and wellness.
B) abandon the use of electronic educational media.
C) make lifestyle changes after diseases occur.
D) use temporary changes until the danger has passed.
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Human Development: Conception Through
Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse assesses a 4-month-old infant and notes the baby does not follow a moving object with her eyes.What action by the nurse is best?
A) Document the findings and continue the assessment.
B) Refer the child and parent to a pediatric neurologist.
C) Assess the child for other age-appropriate behaviors.
D) Assess the child for signs of child abuse or neglect.
Q2) The parents of a 4-year-old express concern that the child is wearing the same size clothing as she did last year.What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
A) Weigh and measure the child and compare with last visit.
B) Reassure parents that their child is growing normally.
C) Assess the child's eating and activity patterns.
D) Encourage the parents to provide the child a multivitamin.
Q3) A nurse is conducting a preschool screening in the community.Which child would the nurse refer for further assessment?
A) A 4-year-old who throws a ball over-handed but better under-handed.
B) A 4-year-old who can skip across the room after being shown how.
C) A 5-year-old who is able to ride a bicycle with training wheels.
D) A 5-year-old who is unable to ride a tricycle without falling.
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Chapter 18: Human Development Young Adult to Older Adult
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Q1) A community nurse is working with a family that consists of a middle-aged adult,an older parent with dementia,and two school-aged children.Which assessment by the nurse is most important for this family?
A) Stress-relieving methods
B) Child care arrangements
C) Functional ability of the older adult
D) Knowledge of health screening needs
Q2) The nurse working in a family practice clinic has very limited time to assess patients for health concerns.When working with middle-aged patients,which problems does the nurse assess for as the priorities? (Select all that apply. )
A) Heart disease
B) Cancer
C) Sexually transmitted diseases
D) Stroke
E) Functional abilities
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Vital Signs
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Q1) A nurse is caring for a patient who has orthopnea.What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
A) Encourage deep breathing and coughing.
B) Medicate the patient for pain as needed.
C) Keep the head of the bed elevated.
D) Monitor the length of time the patient doesn't breathe.
Q2) A patient's blood pressure is 142/76 mm Hg.What does the nurse chart as the pulse pressure?
A) 28
B) 42
C) 58
D) 66
Q3) A nurse notes a patient has abnormal vital signs.What action by the nurse is best?
A) Document the findings.
B) Notify the provider.
C) Compare with prior readings.
D) Retake the vital signs.
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21
Chapter 20: Health History and Physical Assessment
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Q1) A nurse has finished examining a patient.What actions does the nurse take next? (Select all that apply. )
A) Document all findings.
B) Provide privacy for dressing.
C) Provide any hygiene material needed.
D) Tells the patient he/she can leave.
E) Cleans the room after the patient leaves.
Q2) A nurse conducting the general survey of a patient includes which items? (Select all that apply. )
A) Hygiene and grooming
B) Affect and mood
C) Sex and gender orientation
D) Sexual preferences and practices
E) Age
Q3) The nurse is assessing a patient's alcohol intake.What question is most appropriate?
A) "Do you drink alcohol at all?"
B) "You don't drink much do you?"
C) "When was your last drink?"
D) "How much alcohol do you drink daily?"
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Page 22
Chapter 21: Ethnicity and Cultural Assessment
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Q1) The nurse understands that which are important in the process of developing a cultural identity? (Select all that apply. )
A) School
B) Church/religious institution
C) Family
D) History
E) Community
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient from a culture that is unfamiliar.The patient nodded her head "yes" when asked if she will take her prescriptions as ordered,but the nurse discovers the patient does not take the medication,but uses herbs for treatment.What action by the nurse is best?
A) Warn the patient of the consequences on non-compliance.
B) Tell the patient how the medication will help the condition.
C) Ask the patient why herbal preparations are preferred.
D) Ask the patient to explain the meaning of the herbal products.
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Chapter 22: Spiritual Health
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Q1) The nurse is caring for four patients.Which one should the nurse assess for spirituality needs as a priority?
A) New mother,older child at home
B) Faces terminal diagnosis
C) Needs to change medications
D) Pleasant but quiet
Q2) A nurse is concerned about not consistently meeting the spiritual needs of patients.What action by the nurse is best?
A) Care for own spiritual needs
B) Begin a meditation practice
C) Consult the chaplain
D) Read books on the subject
Q3) When does the nurse assess patients' spirituality? (Select all that apply. )
A) Upon admission
B) New diagnosis
C) Life-changing diagnosis
D) When the chaplain makes rounds
E) When facing treatment decisions
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24
Chapter 23: Public Health, community Base, and Home
Health Care
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Q1) A community was devastated by a tornado several months ago.What nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for the nurse to consider?
A) Social isolation
B) Deficient community resources
C) Ineffective community coping
D) Deficient community health
Q2) A nurse wants to create a community action plan for health problems related to air pollution from a nearby factory.Which stakeholders does the nurse consult as the priority? (Select all that apply. )
A) Factory owners
B) Stock shareholders
C) Community residents
D) Local health care providers
E) Factory employees
Q3) When planning interventions for a community,what action by the nurse is best?
A) Involve community leaders in planning.
B) Create a plan of action addressing priorities.
C) Determine what resources are available.
D) Attempt to find funding for the plan.
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Chapter 24: Human Sexuality
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Q1) A nurse is planning sexuality education programs.Which topics are important to each age group? (Select all that apply. )
A) Adolescents: contraception
B) Adolescents: infertility
C) Young adults: conception
D) Middle adulthood: sexual dysfunction
E) Old age: decreased sexuality
Q2) The nurse is assessing factors that affect sexual function in patients with chronic diseases.What topics does the nurse include in the assessment? (Select all that apply. )
A) Fatigue
B) Medications
C) Pain
D) Occupation
E) Physical impairment
Q3) The nurse learns that spermatozoa are produced in which sexual organ?
A) Scrotum
B) Testes
C) Glans
D) Prostate
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Page 26
Chapter 25: Safety
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Q1) The nurse is concerned about helping the patient find resources to obtain assistive equipment to be used in the home.Which team member should the nurse contact first?
A) Occupational therapist
B) Physical therapist
C) Physician
D) Social worker
Q2) The nurse displays an understanding of high-risk populations for MRSA when identifying which group as the lowest risk?
A) Prison inmates
B) College dorm residents
C) Team athletes
D) Food service workers
Q3) The ER nurse is triaging a patient with suspected poisoning.Who should the nurse anticipate contacting first?
A) Family services
B) Radiology
C) Poison Control Center
D) Respiratory
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Chapter 26: Asepsis and Infection Control
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Q1) The nurse knows that standard precautions are indicated for: (Select all that apply. )
A) all patients.
B) patients with HIV.
C) patients with MRSA.
D) patients with tuberculosis.
E) None of above
Q2) A disease-causing organism is known as:
A) a pathogen.
B) normal flora.
C) a germ.
D) a microorganism.
Q3) The nurse understands that which set of vitals most likely indicates infection?
A) 98.6,75,18,120/80
B) 99,80,19,110/70
C) 100.5,96,22,150/100
D) 98.9,65,18,98/62
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28
Chapter 27: Hygiene and Personal Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse notes that a trauma patient has multiple tangles in the hair.Which of the following actions taken by the nurse is appropriate? (Select all that apply. )
A) Work the tangles to the ends of the hair,then trim with scissors.
B) Apply warm water and conditioner.
C) Apply detangler as available.
D) Use a comb or fingers to work through tangles.
Q2) The nurse and UAP are making an occupied bed together.Which action by the nurse is incorrect?
A) The nurse asks and assists the patient to turn toward the UAP and loosens the fitted sheet and rolls it in toward the patient.
B) The nurse rolls dirty linens to the side then places the linens on the floor while finishing.
C) The nurse tucks the clean bottom sheet under the cleaner underside of the dirty linens.
D) The nurse wears gloves to remove dirty linens.
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Chapter 28: Activity, Immobility, and Safe Movement
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Q1) The nurse is providing discharge education for her patient who is going home with a walker.Which statement by the patient indicates a good level of understanding of safety in the home? (Select all that apply. )
A) "I need to remove the throw rugs."
B) "I should make sure I only take a bath."
C) "I cannot use the stairs."
D) "I need to place a nonskid mat in front of the kitchen sink."
Q2) The nurse knows active assistive range of motion is:
A) when the patient is able to independently move all joints.
B) when the patient is able to partially move all joints.
C) when the caregiver must move the patient's joints.
D) when the patient is performing isotonic exercises.
Q3) The nurse knows rheumatoid arthritis affects the musculoskeletal system by causing:
A) muscle weakness.
B) muscle wasting.
C) muscle inflammation.
D) muscle mobility.
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Chapter 29: Skin Integrity and Wound Care
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Q1) The nurse knows that a hydrocolloid dressing is appropriate for the following type of wound:
A) A wound with a large amount of drainage
B) A wound that is tunneling
C) A postsurgical incision with staples
D) A wound with a moderate amount of drainage
Q2) The nurse is performing a wet/damp to dry dressing change when the patient begins to complain of severe pain.What should the nurse do first?
A) Notify the physician.
B) Notify the wound care nurse.
C) Stop the procedure.
D) Give the patient pain medication.
Q3) The nurse knows that the cause of pressure ulcers includes the following factors: (Select all that apply. )
A) Intensity of the pressure
B) Duration of the pressure
C) The tissue's ability to tolerate the pressure
D) The person's age
E) None of above
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Chapter 30: Nutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is educating her patient about who has just been placed on a renal diet.Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?
A) "I need to eat a low-sodium diet."
B) "I can have limited amounts of meat."
C) "I can drink unlimited cola if it is diet."
D) "I should avoid or limit bananas."
Q2) The nurse is helping a patient understand the difference between macronutrients and vitamins and minerals.She is correct when she lists the following items as macronutrients: (Select all that apply. )
A) Water
B) Potassium
C) Starches
D) Fiber
E) Riboflavin
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32
Chapter 31: Cognitive and Sensory Alterations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a diabetic patient who has had a long history of poor glucose control.For what complications is the patient at risk? (Select all that apply. )
A) Sudden loss of consciousness
B) Diabetic retinopathy
C) Stroke
D) Peripheral neuropathy
E) Memory loss
Q2) The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a patient who has tactile alterations in his legs.Which instructions should be included? (Select all that apply. )
A) Verify bath water temperature is approximately 39.5° C.
B) Do not use hot or cold therapy on any extremity.
C) Use sturdy shoes when walking outside or on hard surfaces.
D) Report any changes in skin color on your legs to your health care provider.
E) Set your water heater so that scalding is not possible.
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Chapter 32: Stress and Coping
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse knows that the coping strategies that are more frequently seen in older adults are: (Select all that apply. )
A) anger.
B) withdrawal.
C) information gathering.
D) avoidance.
E) problem focused.
Q2) The nurse knows that when coordination between multiple health care disciplines is needed,the following role is used:
A) Pastoral care
B) Case manager
C) Social worker
D) Dietitian
Q3) The nurse knows that one theory explaining the variation in response to stress among individuals is called:
A) stress appraisal.
B) sense of coherence.
C) allostasis.
D) homeostasis.
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Page 34
Chapter 33: Sleep
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse knows that with the onset of darkness and in preparation for sleep:
A) cortisol levels peak.
B) cortisol levels increase.
C) core body temperature increases.
D) melatonin levels increase.
Q2) The nurse is educating a patient about taking measures to help avoid disruption to the circadian rhythm.The following statement by the patient indicates a need for further education:
A) "I know the circadian rhythm influences biological functions."
B) "I know the circadian rhythm exists only in humans."
C) "I know the sleep-wake circadian rhythm is impacted by the light-dark cycle."
D) "The most familiar circadian rhythm is the day-night 24-hour cycle."
Q3) The nurse is providing discharge instructions for the patient with sleep pattern disturbances.Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further education?
A) "It is a good idea to have a bedtime routine."
B) "My bedtime routine can include watching TV in bed until I fall asleep"
C) "I should keep my regular sleep pattern on the weekend."
D) "If I can't fall asleep,I should get out of bed and do something relaxing."
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35
Chapter 34: Diagnostic Testing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who is anemic.Which CBC test results demonstrate that the patient's treatment plan is effective and the anemia is resolving? (Select all that apply. )
A) Red blood cell count (RBC)5.8 million/mm<sup>3</sup>
B) Hematocrit (HCT)25%
C) Hemoglobin (HGB)14 g/dL
D) White blood cell count (WBC)4500/mm<sup>3</sup>
E) Platelet count (PLT)255,000/mm<sup>3</sup>
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who has just undergone bronchoscopy.The patient states that she is thirsty and requests a drink of water.What is the nurse's best action?
A) Provide ice chips.
B) Check the patient for a gag reflex.
C) Provide a small cup of ice water with a straw.
D) Keep the patient NPO.
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Chapter 35: Medication Administration
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which medication has the highest potential for abuse?
A) Methylphenidate (Ritalin)- schedule II
B) Alprazolam (Xanax)- schedule IV
C) Acetaminophen & codeine (Tylenol #3)- schedule III
D) Diphenoxylate & atropine (Lomotil)- schedule V
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking many prescription medications for various health problems.Which direction from the nurse will help the patient avoid dangerous drug interactions?
A) Only take over-the-counter medications.
B) Have all of the prescriptions filled at the same pharmacy.
C) Avoid taking generic preparations of prescribed medications.
D) Only take the medications that the patient feels are necessary.
Q3) The nurse carefully reviews the patient's medication list.Which observation about the list indicates the highest risk for serious drug-drug interactions?
A) The patient has been taking the same medications for a long time.
B) The patient is taking a large number of medications.
C) Most of the drugs on the list are prescribed at high doses.
D) The patient takes oral,injected,and inhaled medications.
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Chapter 36: Pain Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who has severe abdominal pain caused by acute cholecystitis.What type of pain is this patient experiencing?
A) Visceral pain
B) Somatic pain
C) Radiating pain
D) Referred pain
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who is recovering from knee replacement surgery.The patient complains of severe pain in the knee after receiving hydrocodone with acetaminophen (Vicodin)2 hours previously.What is the nurse's best action?
A) Administer another dose of Vicodin.
B) Apply ice packs to the knee.
C) Apply heat packs to the knee.
D) Perform gentle range of motion.
Q3) Which assessment question helps the nurse determine the character of the patient's pain?
A) "What does the pain feel like,i.e.stabbing,burning or throbbing?"
B) "When did the pain first start?"
C) "What interventions make the pain better?"
D) "Is there any pattern to when the pain occurs?"
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Page 38
Chapter 37: Perioperative Nursing Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who is recovering from bowel resection surgery.Which assessment findings indicate to the nurse that the patient no longer needs to remain NPO and may progress to oral intake of food and fluids? (Select all that apply. )
A) The patient passed flatus while ambulating this morning.
B) The patient's abdomen is soft with active bowel sounds x 4 quadrants.
C) The patient denies nausea or vomiting and states that he feels hungry.
D) The patient's abdominal incision is clean,dry,and intact with staples.
E) The patient ambulated in the hallway with a slow,steady gait.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who requires emergency surgery for injuries sustained in a motor vehicle accident.The patient was on his way back to work after having lunch with colleagues when the accident happened.What is the highest priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
A) Risk for imbalanced body temperature
B) Risk for aspiration
C) Risk for perioperative positioning injury
D) Risk for delayed surgical recovery
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Page 39
Chapter 38: Oxygenation and Tissue Perfusion
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who has a history of congestive heart failure with generalized pitting edema.Which of the following laboratory results will the nurse expect to find in the patient's chart?
A) Glycosylated hemoglobin 12%
B) Platelet count 450,000/mm<sup>3</sup>
C) Hematocrit 32%
D) Prothrombin time 8.8 seconds
Q2) The nurse is working with a nursing assistant to care for a patient with a new tracheostomy.Which tasks may the nurse delegate to the assistant? (Select all that apply. )
A) Obtaining masks,gloves,and suction supplies from the utility room
B) Helping to reassure the patient before,during,and after suctioning
C) Changing the Velcro or twill ties used to secure the tracheostomy
D) Transporting sputum specimens to the lab for culture and sensitivity testing
E) Assessing need for suctioning of the oropharynx or tracheostomy
Q3) Which of the following patients would benefit from postural drainage?
A) A patient with a heart murmur and jugular venous distention
B) A patient with asthma and audible wheezing
C) A patient with right-sided heart failure and pitting edema
D) A patient with chronic bronchitis and congested cough
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Chapter 39: Fluid, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of hyperparathyroidism who presents with a serum calcium level of 14.5 mg/dL.What is the highest priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
A) Risk for injury related to weakened bones that may easily fracture
B) Deficient knowledge related to need for supplemental calcium in diet
C) Risk for constipation caused by decreased gastrointestinal motility
D) Activity intolerance related to muscle cramping and spasms
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who is to receive intermittent bolus doses of phenytoin (Dilantin)through the IV line.Which intervention has the highest priority when administering this medication?
A) Check for blood return and compatibility prior to administration.
B) Use a new IV tubing set each time the medication is administered.
C) Document the date,time,and nurse's initials after each dose is administered.
D) Use sterile gloves when drawing up and administering the medication.
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Chapter 40: Bowel Elimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking narcotic pain medication after surgery.Which breakfast choices will help prevent constipation and promote return to regular bowel function?
A) Raisin bran with skim milk,fresh fruit,and wheat toast
B) Pancakes with maple syrup,bacon,and coffee with cream
C) Omelet with cheddar cheese,green pepper,and onions
D) Bagel with cream cheese,and strawberry non-fat yogurt
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient who has not had a bowel movement for 2 days.Which is the priority nursing intervention for this patient?
A) Obtain an order to administer a soap suds cleansing enema.
B) Teach the patient how to use the Valsalva maneuver.
C) Discontinue medications that can cause constipation.
D) Assess the patient's usual pattern of bowel movements.
Q3) The nurse is caring for a patient who has an ileostomy.Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority for the patient?
A) Impaired skin integrity r/t localized skin irritation from liquid stool
B) Social isolation r/t potential leakage of stool from ostomy appliance
C) Knowledge deficit r/t care and maintenance of ostomy appliance
D) Disturbed body image r/t presence of stoma and altered elimination
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Page 42
Chapter 41: Urinary Elimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for an elderly patient whose dementia has become worse over the last 24 hours.The nurse suspects that the patient may have developed a urinary tract infection and obtains a urine sample.Which assessment findings prompt the nurse to contact the physician to obtain an order for urine culture and sensitivity testing? (Select all that apply. )
A) Urinary dipstick testing is positive for nitrates.
B) The urine appears cloudy with a foul odor.
C) The urine is concentrated and dark amber in color.
D) The urine smells faintly like nail polish remover.
E) The patient is urinating more frequently than usual.
F) The patient is normally continent but wet herself twice.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient whose urinary catheter was removed 8 hours previously.The patient has not been able to void since the catheter was removed and now reports suprapubic pain.What is the priority action of the nurse?
A) Encourage oral fluid intake and administer a diuretic.
B) Obtain a urine sample to test for culture and sensitivity.
C) Carefully calculate the patient's daily intake and output.
D) Obtain an order to straight-catheterize the patient.
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Page 43
Chapter 42: Death and Loss
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Sample Questions
Q1) The home care nurse is caring for a terminally ill patient who states that he wants to set up a scholarship in his name at the local university before he dies.What is the best action of the nurse?
A) Suggest that the patient think it over and wait a few days before contacting the school.
B) Direct the patient to ask his family about the possibility of starting a scholarship.
C) Assess the patient's mental status to ensure that he is competent to make the decision.
D) Assist the patient to find the necessary information about endowed scholarships.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a terminally ill patient whose children have come home to be with their mother during her last few days.They spend time looking through picture albums,watching old home movies,and remembering fun times spent together.Which term best describes the activity of the patient's children?
A) Anticipatory grieving
B) Bereavement
C) Caregiver role strain
D) Death anxiety
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