Epidemiology for Nurses
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course introduces nursing students to the fundamental concepts and methods of epidemiology, focusing on the distribution and determinants of health and disease in human populations. Students will learn how to interpret epidemiological data, apply principles of disease surveillance and outbreak investigation, and use epidemiological reasoning to inform evidence-based nursing practice. Emphasis is placed on the role of nurses in promoting public health, preventing disease, and contributing to population health improvements through the application of epidemiological knowledge in diverse settings.
Recommended Textbook
Population and Community Health Nursing 6th Edition by Mary Jo Clark
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30 Chapters
459 Verified Questions
459 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3624
Page 2
Chapter 1: Population Health and Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) While working with a local community on an immunization program, the nurse is developing an evaluation tool that incorporates the standards of care for population health nursing practice. What standards should the nurse include in this tool? (Select all that apply.)
A) Advocacy.
B) Research.
C) Collegiality.
D) Autonomy.
E) Leadership.
Answer: A,B,C,E
Q2) The nurse is caring for a specific population within a community. Which nursing action should the nurse use to exemplify the population health nurse's case finding role?
A) Assess a client's need for education.
B) Advocate for a mother who is being seen in a clinic.
C) Carry out an investigation of meningitis cases.
D) Develop an educational plan for a group of adolescents.
Answer: C
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Sample Questions
Q1) While reviewing the history of health care services as part of an education program the nurse learns that the passage of the amended Social Security Act created Medicare and Medicaid, which increased demands for health care services. How did The National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 attempt to address the demand for health care services?
A) Increasing funds to improve the health status of the indigent poor.
B) Recognizing that increased hospitals improved the public health status.
C) Increasing funds for more health services to improve public health status.
D) Recognizing the contribution of health practitioners to the public health status.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Epidemiology and Population Health Nursing
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population health nurse is identifying determinants of health to address the development of cancer in a small rural neighborhood. Which determinants should the nurse identify? (Select all that apply.)
A) Availability of health facilities.
B) Mean age of the male population.
C) Prevailing diet high in unprocessed foods and low fat.
D) High percentage of tobacco use among the male population.
E) Proximity of the community to chemical plants that have a poor history of regulating emissions.
Answer: C,D,E
Q2) The population health nurse is concerned that a group of lifeguards who refuse to use sunscreen might develop skin cancer. On what is the nurse focusing this concern? A) Risk.
B) Cases.
C) Mortality.
D) Morbidity.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Environmental Influences on Population Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population health nurse receives a report that provides statistics on the increasing number of telephone calls made to the poison control hotline. Based on this information, what should the nurse do?
A) Enforce local ordinances for selling household chemical agents.
B) Target homes for poisons contained in household cleaning agents.
C) Promote legislation for restricting hazardous materials in the home.
D) Educate the public about the hazards of household chemicals and medications and their proper storage.
Q2) An oil storage tank has leaked and the surrounding residential area has been saturated with the leaked oil. Which health precaution should the homeowner take?
A) Use a strong detergent to clean the yards.
B) Avoid planting vegetables in the contaminated soil.
C) Inform the local media regarding the contaminant spill.
D) Install smoke detectors in the home as a fire precaution.
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Chapter 5: Cultural Influences on Population Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) During a home visit the nurse notes that a patient originally from Mexico seems passive during health teaching and follow-up questions about the home treatment plan. What should the nurse conclude about this patient's behavior?
A) The patient probably does not understand English.
B) The patient is not interested in what the nurse is doing.
C) There may be cultural factors that explain the patient's behavior.
D) The patient may be uncomfortable with having the nurse in the home.
Q2) A hospital in an urban area has been identified as delivering culturally competent care. What characteristic will be obvious when entering this organization?
A) Being aware of personal perspectives.
B) Treating all who utilize its services in the same manner.
C) Having conscious adaptation of care to the cultural context.
D) Providing services that are accepting and respectful of diverse populations.
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Chapter 6: Economic Influences on Population Health
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older community member is concerned about the rising cost of prescription medications. Which part of Medicare should the population health nurse review with this individual?
A) Part A.
B) Part B.
C) Part C.
D) Part D.
Q2) The population health nurse is preparing material for an educational seminar on the differences between Medicare and Medicaid. What should the nurse include in this teaching?
A) Medicare only covers health care services for people over age
B) Medicare does not cover preventive services, but Medicaid provides such coverage.
C) Medicare funding is solely on the federal level and Medicaid has no federal funding.
D) Medicare provides partial coverage for health services when eligible for Social Security benefits and Medicaid provides health services to the indigent.
65)
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8
Chapter 7: Health System Influences on Population Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "Tour for Cure" is an annual bike relay sponsored by the Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Society. Entrants are sponsored for each mile by voluntary donations, which go to the MS Society to fund research activities and provide services to those diagnosed with MS. The Tour highlights awareness and public education of the disease. As a voluntary health agency, which additional functions can the MS Society accomplish? (Select all that apply.)
A) Promote legislation through lobbying.
B) Health planning and organization.
C) Ensure sufficient health professionals to care for those with MS.
D) Enforce laws and regulations that help to diagnose and treat those with MS.
E) Hire individuals with chronic diseases to assist with fund-raising efforts.
Q2) The client is being treated for chronic headache pain in a local clinic. In addition to the medical care the client is receiving, the client also visits an acupuncture clinic and states that both therapies help the headache pain. This type of health care subsystem the client is employing is:
A) Complementary.
B) Personal.
C) Popular.
D) Alternative.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Global Influences on Population Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the positive aspects of exporting U.S. technology globally has been to help improve the quality of health care through health innovations and information. A negative effect of introducing U.S. technology globally has:
A) Created inequities for health innovations.
B) Increased the spread of communicable diseases.
C) Marketed unhealthful products such as tobacco and fast foods to a new population.
D) Promoted economic growth and created job inequities.
Q2) Identify three elements of a global health policy agenda. (Select all that apply.)
A) Sufficient financial aid to improve health and health infrastructure.
B) Coordinate aid to match programs with needs.
C) Create partnerships between government agencies, the private sector, and academia.
D) Represent health interests in other policy-making sectors.
E) Use communication technology to provide information.
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Chapter 9: Political Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) The state medical board has proposed legislation to include physicians on the state board of nursing to interpret the Nurse Practice Act. Local nursing organizations have testified in public hearings opposing this measure. What aspect of policy development is this?
A) Administrative decision.
B) Legislation.
C) Judicial decision.
D) Regulation.
Q2) The population health nurse is preparing information to share during a state judicial hearing to support the statewide implementation of pedestrian crosswalk signs. Which secondary data should the nurse include for this presentation? (Select all that apply.)
A) Number of pedestrian accidents over the last 3 months.
B) Number of accidents involving motor vehicles to avoid bicyclists.
C) Number of schools in the state located on busy commercial highways.
D) Number of tickets for jaywalking issued to pedestrians over the last 3 months.
E) Results of a state survey asking residents if pedestrian crosswalk signs should be installed.
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11
Chapter 10: Community Empowerment
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population health nurse assists neighborhood residents to form a neighborhood watch to help control gang crimes. This best describes:
A) Vertical empowerment.
B) Internal empowerment.
C) Horizontal empowerment.
D) External empowerment.
Q2) The population health nurse is assisting community leaders in the implementation of the asset-based community development model. What action should the nurse take to help the leaders determine community strengths?
A) Assist with asset mapping.
B) Facilitate recognition of self-efficacy.
C) Strategize ways to increase competence.
D) Promote cooperation among community members.
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12
Chapter 11: Health Promotion and Health Education Strategies
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is preparing an educational session for community members on bicycle safety. What strategies should the nurse keep in mind when preparing written materials for the presentation? (Select all that apply.)
A) Place material in bullet points.
B) Use a large type font with printed materials.
C) Avoid professional jargon and use simple terms with one or two syllables.
D) Place all written material on one sheet, limiting the amount of white space.
E) Write at a grade level 1 to 2 grades below the highest educational level of the participants.
Q2) The nurse is writing an evaluating tool for the use of the Internet for health-related information. What elements should the nurse include in the evaluation? (Select all that apply.)
A) Currency of information.
B) Purpose of the site.
C) Sources of financial support.
D) Owner of the site.
E) Popularity of the site.
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13
Chapter 12: Case Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is making a referral for the client. What should be the nurse's first consideration for this referral?
A) Factors that might prevent the client from following through with the referral.
B) Client's eligibility for the service.
C) Cost of the referral services.
D) Acceptability of the referral to the client.
Q2) The population health nurse is evaluating outcomes for a group of clients based upon the best possible achievable outcome. Which action is the nurse completing?
A) Assessing.
B) Screening.
C) Delegation.
D) Benchmarking.
Q3) A client being case managed has become unstable. What should the nurse case manager do?
A) Delegate the care to assistive personnel.
B) Refuse to continue care.
C) Retain care of the client.
D) Make an automatic referral.
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14
Chapter 13: Home Visits As a Population Health Nursing Strategy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population nurse is conducting a home visit. Which action should the nurse take during this visit?
A) Continue to validate the accuracy of the assessment and resulting diagnosis.
B) Focus on the plan of care as it is written.
C) Concentrate on the already-identified needs.
D) Plan to write an evaluation.
Q2) The population health nurse is reviewing the long- and short-term criteria for a home visit to a client. The nurse completes this evaluation because it:
A) Indicates whether reimbursement will be provided to the agency.
B) Allows for tracking utilization of supplies for home visits.
C) Determines the effectiveness and appropriateness of the interventions and the client's response.
D) Determines whether the interventions are at the primary, secondary, or tertiary level.
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15
Chapter 14: Care of Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population health nurse is making a home visit with a family who has a child who recently became a paraplegic. The nurse suggests some home modifications to accommodate the child's disability. Which family-focused intervention is the nurse using?
A) Illness prevention.
B) Problem resolution.
C) Health restoration.
D) Injury prevention.
Q2) The nurse observes that the family is exhibiting strengths in the face of a major unexpected adversity. What behavior should the nurse recognize this family is demonstrating?
A) Faith.
B) Resilience.
C) Projection.
D) Intellectualization.
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Chapter 15: Care of Communities and Target Populations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is planning a health program for a community. The first task the nurse should consider when planning this program is:
A) Analyze the issue.
B) Create the planning group.
C) Define and prioritize the issue.
D) Set the stage for evaluation.
Q2) The nurse is planning a program to encourage exercise among high school students. Teachers and parents will be involved in implementing the program. Which activity best describes the third level of acceptance of this health care program?
A) Marketing the program to the high school students.
B) Convincing the principal of the benefits of the program.
C) Meeting with the teachers to explain the program.
D) Encouraging parents to promote the program.
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Chapter 16: Care of Child and Adolescent Populations
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Sample Questions
Q1) After attending a community meeting the population health nurse learns that 15 children in the community have terminal illnesses. What action should the nurse take to support the care of these children?
A) Review the recommendations for each child's ongoing care.
B) Explain the importance of screening for illnesses early in a child's life.
C) Analyze family environments to reduce the risk of illness development.
D) Ensure palliative and hospice care is available to the children and families.
Q2) The mother asks the nurse when her infant should be screened for tuberculosis (TB). The nurse should explain that routine screening for TB usually occurs initially:
A) At birth.
B) At four months of age.
C) At three years of age.
D) When the child starts school.
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Chapter 17: Care of Men
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population health nurse decides to screen the male population of a small rural community for the presence of suicide risks. On which risks should the nurse focus? (Select all that apply.)
A) Depression.
B) Unemployment.
C) Married.
D) Substance abuse.
E) Relationships with peers.
Q2) The population health nurse realizes that behavioral factors seem to make a greater contribution to men's health status as compared to women. This is most likely because:
A) Men are more apt to perform healthful behaviors.
B) Men are more reliant on others.
C) Men are more educated about health issues.
D) Men are generally more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors.
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Chapter 18: Care of Women
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population health nurse receives a report identifying the number and types of injuries reported by women who work in a clothing manufacturing company. What should the nurse encourage the female employees to do to reduce the frequency of injuries at work? (Select all that apply.)
A) Set realistic goals.
B) Report safety hazards.
C) Limit the intake of alcohol.
D) Monitor response to exercise.
E) Use personal protective equipment.
Q2) The nurse is working with a group of abused women, trying to assist them in developing a sense of self so that they will avoid blaming themselves for the abuse. What is the goal that this intervention best relates to?
A) Promoting healthy behaviors.
B) Developing and maintaining healthy relationships and living conditions.
C) Developing adequate coping strategies.
D) Promoting healthy pregnancy outcomes.
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Chapter 19: Care of the Older Population
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Sample Questions
Q1) The intervention that would be most appropriate for the client with functional incontinence would be to encourage the client:
A) To empty the bladder every two hours while awake.
B) Not to drink any liquids after 5:00 p.m. each evening.
C) To call for assistance when the urge to urinate is felt.
D) To wear an adult-type diaper during the daytime hours.
Q2) The population health nurse is preparing a presentation on healthy aging for a community group. During this presentation the nurse should explain that the reason health promotion is important for this population is because they are the:
A) Group that has more acute illness.
B) Fastest-growing segment of the population.
C) Most politically involved group of the population.
D) Group that is the most health-conscious.
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Chapter 20: Care of the Glbt Population
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Sample Questions
Q1) A client who is awaiting FTM gender assignment surgery is scheduled for a routine health examination at the community clinic. What screenings should the client receive? (Select all that apply.)
A) Pap smear.
B) Mammogram.
C) Throat culture.
D) Prostate exam.
E) Tuberculosis test.
Q2) A client who identifies with the GLBT community tells the nurse that the only thing that makes him a male is having a penis and testosterone in the bloodstream. The population health nurse realizes that this client is using which perspectives to describe gender? (Select all that apply.)
A) Hormonal.
B) Behavioral.
C) Anatomical.
D) Chromosomal.
E) Psychological.
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Chapter 21: Care of Poor and Homeless Populations
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Sample Questions
Q1) In addressing factors that contribute to poverty, homelessness, and the health of the community, the nurse should assess:
A) Employment and home environment.
B) Lack of affordable housing and social support.
C) Mental illness and social support.
D) Mobility and age of client.
Q2) Families who are living in a local shelter state that they fear their children may be subject to abuse from other residents in the shelter. Which solution should the population health nurse recommend for this issue?
A) Restrict who uses the shelter.
B) Have a separate family area in the shelter.
C) Search everyone who uses the shelter prior to entering.
D) Force the children to stay with their parents at all times.
Q3) The population health nurse is evaluating care provided to the poor and homeless. What should be the primary focus of this evaluation?
A) Training programs employ the homeless.
B) Systems-level outcomes are met.
C) Client-level outcomes are met.
D) Individual and population intervention objectives are met.
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Page 23
Chapter 22: Care of School Populations
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Sample Questions
Q1) A student has been diagnosed with a pulmonary condition that necessitates the use of continuous oxygen. The student's family has limited means and expresses concerns about being able to pay for the use of the oxygen. An important action the nurse can take is to:
A) Listen to the parents and express concern.
B) Educate the teachers about positioning the student for the most effective oxygen consumption.
C) Educate the school staff about the student's condition.
D) Refer the parents to the American Lung Association for possible financial help.
Q2) After receiving a report from a teacher regarding a student who was previously outgoing and doing well in the classroom but is now appearing withdrawn, the nurse assesses the student. The nurse becomes aware that there is a possibility that abuse is happening in the home and notifies the appropriate agencies. In this example, the nurse is:
A) Making an appropriate referral to ensure the health and safety of the student.
B) Refusing to become involved in a domestic affair.
C) Acting outside of the scope of practice.
D) Releasing any further obligation to the student.
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Page 24
Chapter 23: Care of Employee Populations
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Sample Questions
Q1) After a competing business opened a successful branch in the community, absenteeism has increased in the workplace where the nurse is employed. Management has increased work hours and instituted mandatory overtime. The nurse could conclude that:
A) Workplace stress is affecting the employees and manifesting itself in absenteeism.
B) The employees are taking time off to investigate working for the other business.
C) Increased working hours are making the employees ill.
D) Workers are showing increased productivity as a result of these changes.
Q2) The nurse visits the company warehouse and notices that the majority of the forklift operators appear to be between the ages of 18 and
A) The younger forklift operators have better control of the machine.
B) The younger forklift operators should wear their helmets.
21) For which issue should the nurse assess?
C) The younger forklift operators may be more likely to be injured.
D) Older forklift operators are not as capable of maneuvering the machines as the younger operators.
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25
Chapter 24: Care of Correctional Populations
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Sample Questions
Q1) A health restoration intervention the nurse can implement at a correctional setting is advocacy for:
A) Long-term care for inmates when discharged.
B) Effective prerelease planning for all inmates.
C) Medical parole and arrange for follow-up care.
D) Use of advance directives when discharged.
Q2) The population health nurse is providing care to inmates. This provision of care protects constitutional rights of inmates and:
A) Saves taxpayer monies as compared to providing transportation to health care services outside the facility.
B) Ensures the inmate population is at its highest level of health.
C) Allows health problems to be diagnosed earlier.
D) Educates the inmate population about healthy behaviors.
Q3) A dilemma for the nurse in correctional facilities is to:
A) Administer care to a large, diverse population.
B) Provide a therapeutic environment for health within an institutional framework that emphasizes punishment and security concerns.
C) Limit the amount of time for providing care to inmates.
D) Set priorities for the care of inmates.
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Page 26
Chapter 25: Care of Clients in Disaster Settings
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Sample Questions
Q1) While triaging victims of a hurricane the population health nurse identifies the two victims who need green tags. What does this color designation communicate to all involved in the rescue operation?
A) Local injuries without immediate systemic complications who can wait several hours for treatment.
B) Life-threatening injuries but who can be stabilized and who have a probability of survival.
C) Died.
D) Systemic complications that are not yet life-threatening and who can wait 45 to 60 minutes for medical attention.
Q2) The population health nurse lives in an area that is at great risk for hurricanes. The nurse is advocating for stricter building codes and for barriers such as seawalls or dams. What type of planning is this nurse advocating?
A) Health promotion.
B) Injury prevention.
C) Illness prevention.
D) Advocacy.
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Chapter 26: Communicable Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population health nurse is planning strategies to prevent communicable diseases in a community. On which areas should the nurse focus? (Select all that apply.)
A) Postexposure prophylaxis.
B) Immunizations.
C) Screening.
D) Surveillance.
E) Monitoring.
Q2) The population health nurse is observing care being given by a health care provider in the community. What should the nurse recommend to reduce the risk of spreading communicable diseases?
A) Wearing gloves when listening for lung sounds.
B) Not recapping needles after providing an injection.
C) Having the client wash hands before being examined.
D) Wearing a mask while conducting the client interview.
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Chapter 27: Chronic Physical Health Problems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population health nurse is planning a month-long series related to healthy lifestyles. Some of the most relevant topics should include: (Select all that apply.)
A) Diet.
B) Exercise.
C) Pharmacotherapy.
D) End-of-life care.
E) Coping skills.
Q2) The population health nurse is reviewing the factors that contribute to chronic health problems with a group of community members. What should the nurse identify as the major factor?
A) Depression.
B) Anxiety.
C) Stress.
D) Social isolation.
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29
Chapter 28: Mental Health and Mental Illness
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population health nurse becomes aware of a client being stigmatized after receiving treatment for a mental illness. Which actions should the nurse take to help with this client's health restoration? (Select all that apply.)
A) Monitoring adherence to treatment.
B) Assisting the client with treatment side effects.
C) Discussing ways for the client to deal with the stigma.
D) Contacting local lawmakers to support antidiscrimination laws.
E) Conducting a community program on mental health and illness.
Q2) A student is teaching a class on the impact of mental health on the community. The student should include which of the following information in the presentation?
A) An estimated 25% of the population of the United States will experience a diagnosable mental illness in any given year.
B) The incidence of depression is expected to decrease within the next ten years.
C) Mental illness is an increasing problem only in the more populated areas of the world.
D) Post-traumatic stress disorder is the most common of the anxiety disorders.
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Chapter 29: Substance Abuse
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Sample Questions
Q1) The population health nurse is working in a methadone clinic. What type of intervention does this best describe?
A) Health promotion.
B) Health restoration.
C) Illness prevention.
D) Pharmacological intervention therapy.
Q2) An adolescent who has been treated twice in the last three years for substance abuse has been warned by the court that further problems with the law will result in his incarceration. The population health nurse is trying to convince the client's mother to have the adolescent admitted to a local rehabilitative program. Which substance abuse treatment principle is the nurse implementing?
A) Multiple episodes of treatment may be necessary.
B) Medications in conjunction with other behavioral therapies are important to treatment.
C) No single treatment is appropriate for all individuals.
D) Treatment does not need to be voluntary to be effective.
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Chapter 30: Societal Violence
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Sample Questions
Q1) An important consideration for the population health nurse to address societal violence is to:
A) Assess for environmental factors that could lead to violence.
B) Ask all female members of the community if they have been abused.
C) Ensure that adolescent males in the community are aware of suicide risks.
D) Advocate for gun control in the community.
Q2) The community is conducting a series of panel discussions about suicide. Information that should be discussed includes:
A) Ten million Americans attempt suicide at some point in their life.
B) Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death in the United States.
C) Suicide ideation is a rare occurrence in Americans
D) Suicide is the top cause of death worldwide.
Q3) The population health nurse is identifying strategies to reduce child abuse in a community. Which strategy supports a health promotion approach to this potential problem?
A) Recommend locations for caregiver respite care.
B) Hold a class to review appropriate forms of discipline.
C) Provide a list of babysitters available in the community.
D) Identify attorneys who represent domestic violence cases.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
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