Environmental Science and GIS Review
Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the fundamental principles of environmental science and the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in environmental analysis and management. Students will examine topics such as ecosystem dynamics, environmental degradation, and resource management, while learning to use GIS technology for spatial data collection, analysis, and visualization. Emphasis is placed on practical applications, including environmental impact assessments, land-use planning, and habitat mapping, equipping students with the skills to address contemporary environmental challenges through technological solutions.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Geospatial Technologies 1st Edition by Bradley Shellito
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15 Chapters
228 Verified Questions
228 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Its A Geospatial World Out There
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Environmental conditions for the planet Earth can be monitored by which of the following?
A)Remote sensing
B)Global positioning systems
C)Non-spatial data
D)Tabular data
Answer: A
Q2) Describe two reasons why an address may be geocoded in an incorrect location. Answer: There are many possible answers to this question.Some reasons may be;1)the address given may be out of range of the span of addresses listed for a link; 2)the street may have been typed incorrectly (or be called something else); 3)linear interpolation may place the point at an incorrect location along the line since the actual housing numbers may not directly coincide with the range of addresses present in the database; 4)the street may not be present in the database (for instance,a new housing development may not have been added to the reference database yet); and 5)an address point may end up matched to the center of a zip code rather than a street address.
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Page 3
Chapter
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The 180th meridian refers to the A)compass rose line.
B)equator.
C)prime meridian.
D)international date line.
Answer: D
Q2) UTM coordinates are measured in A)degrees,minutes,and seconds. B)miles.
C)meters.
D)feet.
Answer: C
Q3) A model of the Earth based on mean sea level is A)geoid.
B)spheroid.
C)ellipsoid.
D)a great circle.
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Getting Your Data to Match the Map
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why would georeferencing be with real-world data (and give an example of this)?
Answer: Georeferencing can be used to take datasets that do not have spatial reference and apply this spatial reference to them by aligning the data with referenced datasets.If data does not have a spatial reference (such as a set of plans or a hand-drawn scale diagram),it cannot be used in conjunction with other data layers in other forms of geospatial technology (for instance,it will not match with other data in a GIS,or will not properly align with a remotely sensed image).An example of this would be to take historic maps of an area and georeference them with current maps to see how areas have altered or changed over time.
Q2) Which of the following would be the best location for a control point?
A)The corner of a building
B)The center of a landscaping display
C)A location on a shoreline at low tide
D)A location of a car on the roof of a parking garage
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Finding Your Location With the Global Positioning System
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Selective availability describes which of the following?
A)Incorrect data deliberately transmitted from GPS satellites
B)Why GPS does not function underground
C)"Dead zones" where GPS cannot function at all
D)Using a U.S.Coast Guard Beacon to get a better position determination
Q2) The Master Control station for the U.S.GPS is located in A)Hawaii.
B)Colorado.
C)Washington,D.c.
D)South Dakota.
Q3) The Russian equivalent of GPS is A)Comrade.
B)Glonass.
C)Rodina.
D)Compass.
Q4) Describe the basic operation of an SBAS in increasing the accuracy of GPS.
Q5) Explain why a minimum of three satellites is necessary to determine a receiver's position using GPS.Also,describe why a fourth satellite is used in position determination.
6
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Chapter 5: Working With Digital Spatial Data and GIS
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Sample Questions
Q1) The term "GIS" first started being used in A)the 1950s with Harvard's GIS Labs (SYGIS).
B)the 1960s with Canada's CGIS.
C)the 1970s with the CIA's Automap GIS.
D)the 1980s with the development of Esri's ArcGIS.
Q2) Non-spatial data in a GIS are referred to as A)attributes.
B)tables.
C)points.
D)layers.
Q3) In the raster data model
A)areas are modeled using equally spaced and equally sized grid cells.
B)polygon objects are used for modeling large geographic areas.
C)continuous fields are modeled using points and lines.
D)multiple types of grid resolutions can be used in the same data set.
Q4) The "information" being handled by GIS refers to A)spatial information.
B)tabular information.
C)visual information.
D)non-spatial information.
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Chapter 6: Esri Arcnews, Arcuser, and Arcwatch
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An area of spatial proximity around a point refers to which GIS operation?
A)Spatial join
B)Buffer
C)Closed circle
D)Union
Q2) Which of the following boolean operators would be used to determine which parcels of land in a database have an assessed value of more than $100,000 and are also zoned as "residential" areas,but not parcels that meet both of these criteria?
A)Negation
B)Intersection
C)Exclusive Or
D)Union
Q3) Which geoprocessing operation will select all areas from the first dataset and all areas from the second dataset,except those areas they have in common?
A)Symmetrical difference
B)Identity
C)Union
D)Intersect
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8
Chapter 7: Using GIS to Make a Map
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a thematic map?
A)A trail map of a local municipal park
B)A map of a new subdivision,showing the locations of new roads and houses
C)A map of a neighborhood showing which houses are rentals and which are not
D)A map showing the locations of all casinos in Pennsylvania
Q2) Having all count values of the data brought to the same level describes
A)normalization.
B)graduated symbols.
C)cholopleth mapping.
D)reference mapping.
Q3) Which of the following data classification methods attempts to place an equal number of data values in each class?
A)Quantiles
B)Standard deviation
C)Equal interval
D)Natural breaks
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9
Chapter 8: Getting There Quicker With Geospatial Technology
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Multiple addresses can be geocoded at once via A)address standardization.
B)batch geocoding.
C)Dijkstra's Algorithm.
D)standard geocoding.
Q2) Describe a real-world application of using geocoding in a business or service.
Q3) TIGER files typically contain all of the following data except
A)number of houses per street.
B)address ranges on streets.
C)zip code information for streets.
D)names of streets.
Q4) Address parsing is done to
A)separate the parts of an address.
B)make sure that all parts of an address have the same format.
C)remove incorrect addresses prior to geocoding.
D)align each address with a zip code.
Q5) Describe two reasons why an address may be geocoded in an incorrect location.
Page 10
Q6) What are two ways of finding a shortest path between stops in a GIS?
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Chapter 9: Remotely Sensed Images From Above
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first aerial photograph was taken in
A)1826,from a kite.
B)1858,from a balloon.
C)1903,from the Wright Brothers glider.
D)1914,from a German plane in WWI.
Q2) A digital orthophoto quad (DOQ)
A)covers 3.75 minutes of latitude by 3.75 minutes of longitude of distance.
B)covers the size of one-quarter of the distance shown on a DOQQ.
C)covers 15 minutes of latitude by 15 minutes of longitude of distance.
D)covers the size of four times the distance shown on a DOQQ.
Q3) In a color infrared photo,
A)red energy is displayed as the color green,green energy is displayed as the color blue,and near-infrared energy is displayed as the color red.
B)red energy is displayed as the color red,green energy is displayed as the color green,blue energy is displayed as the color blue,and near-infrared energy is displayed as the color black.
C)near-infrared energy is displayed in the color red,while the other colors (red,green,and blue)are displayed with shades of grey.
D)only near-infrared energy is displayed,shown in shades of grey.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: How Remote Sensing Works
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sensing in the "green" portion of the EM spectrum means sensing energy wavelengths of
A)0.7\(\mu\)m-0.98\(\mu\)m.
B)0.4\(\mu\)m-0.5\(\mu\)m.
C)0.6\(\mu\)m-0.7\(\mu\)m.
D)0.5\(\mu\)m-0.6\(\mu\)m.
Q2) A charted identifier for an feature based on its reflectance of different wavelengths of energy is a
A)spectral reflectance.
B)spectral signature.
C)spectral incidence.
D)spectral scattering.
Q3) Molecular level particles that cause scattering in the atmosphere are an example of A)Mie scattering.
B)Rayleigh scattering.
C)nonselective scattering.
D)Spectral scattering.
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Chapter 11: Images From Space
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pan-sharpening is used to
A)sense multiple small bands simultaneously in the panchromatic portion of the EM spectrum.
B)fuse panchromatic imagery with multispectral imagery to get a finer image.
C)take the pixels of an existing image and transform them into finer resolution pixels.
D)narrow down the sensor's swath width and obtain finer spatial resolution for a sensor.
Q2) The specific bands and wavelengths that a sensor can measure defines its A)temporal resolution.
B)radiometric resolution.
C)spatial resolution.
D)spectral resolution.
Q3) Which of the following satellites' panchromatic sensors has the coarsest spatial resolution sensor?
A)IKONOS
B)Quickbird
C)WorldView-1
D)WorldView-2
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Chapter 12: Studying the Environment From Space
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which instrument measures pollution levels in the lower atmosphere?
A)MOPITT
B)ASTER
C)MISR
D)CERES
Q2) Which of the following instruments is used for monitoring the hole in the ozone layer by examining ultraviolet radiation?
A)TES
B)HIRDLS
C)MLS
D)OMI
Q3) Which instrument provides 9 views of an area,but from different angles?
A)MOPITT
B)CERES
C)ASTER
D)MISR
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Digital Landscaping
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Sample Questions
Q1) By applying vertical exaggeration to a model,which of the following will occur?
A)The elevation values are adjusted to fit with the different elevation values of the NED.
B)The horizontal scale of the model is altered to accommodate the scale of related satellite imagery.
C)A satellite image is draped over the terrain,making it appear more realistic.
D)The vertical scale is made larger than the horizontal scale.
Q2) Small-scale maps would use
A)a wider contour interval than a large scale map.
B)a narrower contour interval than a large scale map.
C)the same contour interval as a large scale map.
D)no contour intervals due to the small scale of the map.
Q3) A commonly used vertical datum is
A)the core of the Earth.
B)the north pole.
C)high tide.
D)mean sea level.
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15
Chapter 14: See the World in 3D
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11 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the steps involved with designing a 3D structure in Google SketchUp and then placing it into its correct location in Google Earth.
Q2) Which of the following operations would best allow you to model a feature such as an elevated walkway joining two buildings over a busy city?
A)Extrusion
B)Offsetting
C)Applying base heights
D)Vertical exaggeration
Q3) In 3D design,elevation or height values are referred to with the letter A)E.
B)H.
C)Y.
D)Z.
Q4) Pre-made 3D objects in Google SketchUp refer to A)components.
B)prisms.
C)georeferences.
D)faces.
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Chapter 15: Whats Next for Geospatial Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first "StateView" program was
A)OhioView.
B)VirginiaView.
C)New YorkView.
D)WisconsinView.
Q2) Viewing an image that is offset in both the color red and the color blue that enables a "3D" style effect is an example of A)Anaglyph.
B)GeoWall.
C)Stereovision.
D)SOS.
Q3) Earth Observation Day showcases A)remote sensing.
B)global positioning systems.
C)global positioning system.
D)online mapping.
Q4) Describe the basics of how a GeoWall system enables the user to see images in stereoscopic 3D.
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