Environmental Issues
Solved Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the fundamental environmental challenges facing our planet, such as climate change, pollution, resource depletion, biodiversity loss, and waste management. Students will examine how human activity impacts natural systems and analyze local, national, and global efforts to address these pressing issues. Through interdisciplinary perspectives, the course encourages critical thinking about the science behind environmental problems, the role of policy and technology, and the importance of sustainable development in achieving a balance between human needs and environmental protection.
Recommended Textbook
Scientific American Environmental Science For A Changing World 3rd Edition by Susan
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Karr
Chapter 1: environmental Literacy and Sustainability
Lessons From a Vanished Society
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Q1) Refer to Infographic 3.What is the triple bottom line of climate change?
Answer: The triple bottom line includes the environmental,social,and economic impacts of our choices.In the instance of climate change,our choices,such as burning fossil fuels,deforestation,and overconsumption,have led to global warming.Some of the environmental impacts of these choices include increased average atmospheric temperature,sea level rise due to melting of polar ice caps,and habitat and species endangerment and loss.Some of the social impacts of our choices that have led to climate change are the suffering of agriculture in certain regions,the spread of tropical disease (which impacts socioeconomic factors when people are too sick to work or contribute to their societies or when the cost of treating the disease increases),human habitat destruction (such as mining,conversion of forest to farmland,and so on),and the development of political issues surrounding the causes of and potential solutions to climate change.Some of the economic impacts of climate change are decreased food production due to poor climate conditions and lack of water for farming; financial crisis in some industries such as commercial fishing,since some species of fish can no longer survive in the warmer waters; and increased costs in food production and energy production.
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Chapter 2: Science Literacy and the Process of Science
Fungal Attacker Threatens North American Bats
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n)_____ is a possible explanation for what is observed that is based on some previous knowledge.
A)peer review
B)prediction
C)hypothesis
D)theory
E)anecdote
Answer: C
Q2) Describe the importance of peer review to the scientific process.
Answer: Prior to publication in a scientific journal,a study is rigorously analyzed by peers in that scientific area who can determine well if the study is of acceptable quality.This ensures only quality scientific reports (without bias,well-controlled studies,etc.)appear in the scientific literature.
Q3) Why did scientists initially think bats with white-nose syndrome were dying?
Answer: During hibernation,the bats are in a state of reduced metabolism called torpor.To wake up,the bats must use lots of energy.Scientists thought the fungal infection was causing the bats to wake up more often than usual,causing them to use more energy.This caused them to use their fat reserves up too soon,and since there were no insects to eat in the winter,the bats starved to death.
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Chapter 3: Information Literacy and Toxicology Lead in the Water
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Q1) You are writing a report on the history of chemical X in the United States.Your instructor says that all sources used for your report must be primary sources.Which of the following would you choose?
A)an interview with the scientist who created chemical X
B)a textbook from an environmental toxicity class
C)a news website story about chemical X
D)an original research article in a scientific journal about the effects of chemical X
Answer: D
Q2) Which common logical fallacy presents extraneous information that does not directly support the claim but that might confuse the reader/listener?
A)red herring
B)false dichotomy
C)appeal to ignorance
D)ad hominem attack
E)hasty generalization
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Ecosystems and Nutrient Cycling Engineering
Earth
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Q1) On Earth,all ecosystems function through two fundamental processes,nutrient cycling and energy flow.Which of the following statements is correct?
A)Nutrient cycling is considered an open process.
B)Energy flow is considered an open process.
C)Both nutrient cycling and energy flow are open processes.
D)Neither nutrient cycling nor energy flow are open processes.
E)Neither nutrient nor energy processes are important for ecosystem functioning.
Q2) As you hike up a mountain,you observe that the vegetation changes.What are some of the limiting factors that are determining what vegetation you observe on the mountain?
Q3) In the carbon cycle,plants release carbon back to the environment through the process of _________.
A)photosynthesis
B)cellular respiration
C)oxidation
D)transpiration
E)evaporation
Q4) What is a biome? What are the major factors that distinguish one biome from another?
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Chapter 5: Population Ecology Gray Wolves Return to Yellowstone
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Q1) Which species would be better suited to survive an unexpected environmental change?
A)r-selected species
B)K-selected species
C)Both r-selected species and K-selected species would be able to survive.
D)Neither r-selected species nor K-selected species would survive.
Q2) Bighorn sheep were introduced to an island in the Gulf of California in 2010.Originally,75 bighorns were introduced.When a census was taken in 2011,there were 100 bighorns found.What is the growth rate of the bighorns on the island?
A)33%
B)3%
C)25%
D)4%
E)10%
Q3) Availability of water,food,and sunlight are all _________ regulators.
A)biotic
B)exponential
C)logarithmic
D)bottom-up
E)top-down
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Chapter 6: Community Ecology the Florida Everglades: a Community in Cris
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Q1) Professionals involved in a restoration ecology project would probably include all of the following EXCEPT a _________.
A)psychologist
B)engineer
C)politician
D)biologist
E)ecologist
Q2) The Hawaiian Islands are a chain formed by volcanic activity about 1-3 million years ago.Which pattern of ecological succession would have occurred soon after the formation of the Big Island,Hawaii?
A)late stage
B)secondary
C)primary
Q3) Which of the following groups feed on all of the other groups?
A)decomposers
B)producers
C)primary consumers
D)secondary consumers
E)tertiary consumers
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Q4) Why are decomposers and detritivores essential members of any ecosystem?
Chapter 7: evolution and Extinction a Tropical Murder
Mystery
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Q1) Compared with the background rate of extinction,currently ___________.
A)species are going extinct much faster than in the past
B)the rate of extinction is more than 100 times higher
C)humans are greatly enhancing the rate of extinction
D)species are going extinct much faster than in the past AND the rate of extinction if more than 100 times higher
E)All of these choices are correct.
Q2) Several factors contribute to the endangerment of species,including all of the following EXCEPT _________.
A)habitat destruction
B)anthropogenic climate change
C)diversification of genes
D)overharvesting
E)pollution
Q3) Which does NOT represent a human-caused threat to biodiversity?
A)the draining of wetlands for housing developments
B)clear-cutting a forest to plant a soybean field
C)the population of Earth reaching 7 billion people
D)accidental introduction of brown tree snakes to Guam
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E)All of these answer choices are human-caused threats.
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Chapter 8: Biodiversity Palm Oil Plantations Threaten
Tropical Forests
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Q1) What is true of the degree of endemism and the relationship to isolation on an island such as one of the Hawaiian Islands?
A)As isolation increases on an island,the degree of endemism generally increases.
B)As isolation decreases on an island,the degree of endemism generally increases.
C)As isolation increases on an island,the degree of endemism generally decreases.
D)As isolation decreases on an island,the degree of endemism generally decreases.
Q2) Which island would have the highest number of endemic species?
A)A
B)B
C)C
Q3) What is NOT a cause of habitat destruction?
A)consumer need/want
B)water dams
C)coal mining
D)expansion of cities
E)conversion to sustainable farming
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Chapter 9: Preserving Biodiversity a Forest Without Elephants
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Q1) According to the UN Environment Programme,how many of all plants and animals on Earth are at risk of going extinct?
A)1/2
B)1/3
C)1/4
D)1/8
E)1/100
Q2) Which region of DNA molecules do conservation geneticists study?
A)promoters
B)the entire gene sequence
C)a portion of the gene sequence that encodes a protein
D)small sequences of repeating nucleotides
E)Conservation geneticists actually study RNA molecules.
Q3) How much of Earth's total land area is protected to some degree?
A)7%
B)13%
C)28%
D)48%
E)62%
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Q4) In which protected area do you think an endangered species would best thrive?
Chapter 10: Human Populations the Kerala Model
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Q1) Zero population growth occurs when the population reaches ____.
A)demographic transition
B)the replacement fertility rate
C)the total fertility rate
D)the infant mortality rate
E)population momentum
Q2) Japan's population is fairly stable and is represented by an age structure diagram that looks like a(n)________.
A)pyramid
B)inverted pyramid
C)column
D)circle
E)square
Q3) Addressing which of the following will help countries lower their total fertility rates?
A)poverty
B)high infant mortality
C)lack of education for women
D)lack of job opportunities for women
E)All of the answer choices are correct.
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Chapter 11: Urbanization and Sustainable Communities
Creating Green Cities
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Q1) Advantages of urbanization for a society include ___________________.
A)concentrated wastes that have to be transported away
B)lower energy impact per person due to smaller homes and less traveling
C)the urban heat island effect
D)dependence on food and resource inputs from outside the city
E)higher levels of air pollution
Q2) You want to find a city with an abundance of green spaces.Green spaces have benefits:
A)physically,as people can jog,bike,and play.
B)environmentally,as unpaved areas can reduce flooding and provide habitat for wildlife.
C)socially,through community pride and higher property values.
D)All of these are benefits of green spaces.
Q3) All of the following are true about urban areas when compared with rural areas EXCEPT___________________.
A)they have higher population densities
B)there is less personal vehicle travel
C)the homes are smaller
D)they have a lower carbon footprint
E)None of these answers is correct.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Environmental Health Eradicating a Parasitic Nightmare
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Q1) Which of the following is the probable question researchers were trying to answer with this study?
A)Which human health problems are most affected by environmental factors?
B)Are human health problems more problematic in developing or developed regions?
C)Which types of disease cause the most deaths-communicable or noncommunicable?
D)How do major human health problems compare in terms of incidence and death?
Q2) Which prevention method(s)would be most effective in the eradication of Guinea worm disease?
A)reducing air pollution
B)providing access to clean water
C)ceasing all war
D)using solar stoves for cooking
E)planting runoff gardens near bodies of water
Q3) How might challenges to prevent Guinea worm disease (GWD)in a low-income country be similar to challenges to prevent cardiovascular disease in a high-income country?
Q4) Why does urbanization sometimes lead to an increased incidence of waterborne pathogen infections?
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Q5) What do you think has had the greatest impact on eradicating Guinea worm disease?
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Chapter 13: ecological Economics and Consumption Wall
to Wall, Cradle to Cradle
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Q1) The company you are currently working for follows a linear (one-way)system.Explain why this system will eventually fail.
Q2) A computer company leases rather than sells its computers to consumers for a monthly fee.The company maintains the computers and replaces them as needed.The old computers are either refurbished or recycled.What does this business model represent?
A)cradle-to-cradle management
B)a circular system
C)green business
D)a service-oriented economy
E)All of these answer choices are correct.
Q3) Why is the production of some ecosystem services considered priceless?
A)No one can afford to do it.
B)No one knows what it costs.
C)There currently are no substitutes for these services.
D)The technology to do these things is very expensive.
E)They require large amounts of fossil fuels.
Q4) Why would nutrient cycling be considered such a valuable ecosystem service to humans?
Q5) Discuss how the ecosystem service of pollination benefits humans.
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Chapter 14: environmental Policy the World Tackles Ozone
Depletion
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Q1) A federal highway project is proposed to connect two existing stretches of interstate.What signature feature of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)must be met prior to construction of the highway?
Q2) A(n)_____________ problem is one that extends across state and national boundaries.
A)transboundary
B)environmental
C)adaptive
D)national
E)political
Q3) Which form of ultraviolet (UV)radiation is mostly absorbed by the ozone layer? What are the effects of this form of UV radiation on living things?
Q4) What is the chemical formula for ozone?
A)O<sub>2</sub>
B)C<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>
C)SF<sub>6</sub>
D)O<sub>3</sub>
E)CrO<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>
Q5) Why is the term "ozone hole" misleading?
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Chapter 15: managing Solid Waste a Plastic Surf
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Q1) Hazardous waste is __________.
A)any material that humans deem to be unwanted
B)everyday garbage or trash produced by individuals or small businesses
C)waste that is capable of being broken down by living organisms
D)waste that is incapable of being broken down under normal conditions
E)waste that is toxic,flammable,corrosive,explosive,or radioactive
Q2) In the United States,91% to 97% of all garbage is categorized as ___________ waste.
A)recycled paper
B)mining
C)municipal paper
D)agricultural,mining,and industrial
E)municipal metal
Q3) Scientists want to determine if toxic chemicals in plastic are accumulating up the food chain.They catch 24 small fish in the area and 24 large fish in the area and test both types of fish for chemicals that could have come from plastic.What type of study would this be?
A)experimental
B)observational
Q4) What is the difference between degradable and biodegradable waste?
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Chapter 16: Freshwater Resources Toilet to Tap
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Q1) What is one way you can help protect,or advise others in order to protect,your local aquifer?
Q2) In January 2008,Orange County implemented the Groundwater Replenishment System,which reclaimed water that normally would have been wasted as
A)evaporation
B)runoff
C)ocean
D)landfill
Q3) Which of the following contribute to the formation of precipitation?
A)cold air in the upper atmosphere
B)solar energy
C)the movement of groundwater
D)evaporation
E)All of these answer choices are correct.
Q4) Why is deforestation a problem in regard to the Earth's freshwater supply?
Q5) Compare and contrast physical and economic water scarcity.How might solutions to water scarcity differ for these two causes?
Q6) Explain why it is cheaper to conserve water than it is to purify it or build a dam.
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Chapter 17: Water Pollution Suffocating the Gulf
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Q1) What can trigger the process of eutrophication?
A)hot water discharged into a body of water
B)an excess of nutrients discharged into the water
C)oil rigs operating in the ocean
D)too many fish in a body of water
E)too much dissolved oxygen in the water
Q2) Runoff potential of nitrogen fertilizer from a farm can vary due to _________.
A)amount applied
B)rainfall amount
C)differences in terrain
D)the type of crop planted
E)all of the above answers
Q3) Let's say you become interested in studying the amount of water pollution in a stream that runs through your backyard.Without special equipment,how could you perform a biological assessment on the stream?
Q4) How much water was saved using controlled drainage instead of free drainage?
A)80 mm
B)40 mm
C)30 mm
D)10 mm
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Chapter 18: marine Ecosystems Ocean Acidification: the
Other Co2 Problem
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Q1) What allows CO<sub>2</sub> to mix quickly into the top 100 feet of water from the atmosphere?
A)wind
B)waves
C)currents
D)both waves and currents
E)wind,waves,and currents
Q2) More than ______ of today's oceans contain at least one invasive species.
A)20%
B)40%
C)50%
D)60%
E)80%
Q3) Where would you find the highest concentration of coral reefs?
A)freshwater lakes
B)freshwater streams
C)temperate marine areas
D)tropical marine areas
E)terrestrial areas
Q4) Why do ecologists consider coral reefs a keystone species?
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Chapter 19: Forests Returning Trees to Haiti
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Q1) Which forest type has the most fertile soil?
A)deciduous
B)boreal
C)coniferous
D)tropical
E)temperate
Q2) The dependence on charcoal as an energy source in Haiti is referred to as a vicious cycle with regard to environmental degradation.Why?
Q3) Total global deforestation is approximately ____________ million hectares per year.
A)2.3
B)7.6
C)10.2
D)20.8
E)50.1
Q4) The United States was one of a few countries that had a net increase in forested areas between the years 2005 and 2010.What are some of the reasons why the United States saw an increase,and how could this increase have had a negative impact on other countries?
Q5) Why might forest management be considered a "wicked problem"?
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Chapter 20: soil Resources and Grasslands Restoring the Range
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Q1) Soil erosion in grasslands is a direct result of _____________.
A)urbanization and soil compaction
B)soil compaction and energy production
C)plant loss and urbanization
D)plant loss and soil compaction
E)plant loss and energy production
Q2) The grassland that is found in cold climates is known as a ____________________.
A)pampa
B)steppe
C)tall-grass prairie
D)savanna
E)northern mixed grass prairie
Q3) What is undergrazing?
A)grazing animals in a way that mimics wild grazers
B)when animals grazing on lands do not have enough grass to eat
C)the process that transforms fertile grasslands into deserts
D)grazing too many animals on a grassland and eating the plants faster than they can grow
E)grazing too few animals on a grassland to maintain it ecologically
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Q4) What are some of the natural and human threats that grasslands currently face?
Chapter 21: Mineral Resources No Stone Unturned
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Q1) Neodymium is a key ingredient in wind turbines and hybrid car batteries because of its __________.
A)tendency to occur in concentrated deposits
B)extreme magnetic ability
C)ability to produce electric currents with very little material
D)tendency to occur in concentrated deposits,its extreme magnetic ability,and its ability to produce electric currents with very little material
E)extreme magnetic ability and its ability to produce electric currents with very little material
Q2) Which of the following was developed by Mark Hersam at Northwestern University in Chicago?
A)a technique using cyanide instead of mercury to process gold ores
B)thinner aluminum cans that require less raw material
C)carbon nanotubes to replace indium
D)fiber-optic cables to replace copper wiring
E)e-waste recycling
Q3) Refer to Infographic 1.List five commonly used products that contain mineral resources.
Q4) Describe how geologists help determine the location of mineral deposits.
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Chapter 22: Feeding the World a Gene Revolution
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Q1) Which of the following contains genes from another species?
A)transgenic organisms
B)Bt corn plants
C)roundup tolerant cotton plants
D)golden rice
E)All of these answers are correct.
Q2) What caused the lack of food and resulting riots in 2008 in Burkina Faso?
A)extreme weather events
B)rising cost of oil
C)growing demand for meat
D)increased production of biofuels
E)All of these answers likely contributed,with other factors as well.
Q3) What is a con of high-yield varieties of crops introduced globally during the Green Revolution?
A)faster growth cycle
B)not as much grain produced as with traditional varieties
C)increased vulnerability to pests
D)genetic diversity
E)None of these answers are negative attributes of high-yield crops.
Q4) Why are many European countries opposed to the use of GMOs?
Page 24
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Chapter 23: sustainable Agriculture: Raising Crops Farming
Like an Ecosystem
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Q1) As the human population continues to grow,we increase our demand for food.Describe how we can meet increased food demand in a way that is sustainable for the long term.
Q2) A rice farmer can use integrated farming techniques in which ducklings,azolla,and fish are used to produce their crops without any extra chemical additives.This integrated technique _______________.
A)represents a method of organic farming
B)is sustainable
C)produces more than just rice as a product to sell
D)eliminates the need for synthetic and toxic chemicals
E)All of these answers are correct.
Q3) Which food likely has the smallest carbon footprint?
A)a pineapple shipped from Hawaii
B)a soybean from a local commercial farm
C)an organic banana shipped from Costa Rica
D)an organic strawberry from a local farm
E)Both an organic banana shipped from Costa Rica and an organic strawberry from a local farm have equally small footprints.
Q4) What are some potential hazards to using biological methods of pest control?
Page 25
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Chapter 24: Agriculture: Raising Livestock Can Meat Be Part of a Healthy, Environmentally Conscious Diet
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Q1) How much greenhouse gas emissions per pound could be saved if someone switched from eating beef to chicken?
A)97 kg
B)78 kg
C)9 kg
D)88 kg
E)19 kg
Q2) Which U.S.Farm Bill legislation policies have been adapted or removed in recent years?
A)lax regulation of wastewater treatment
B)routine use of antibiotics
C)subsidies that enable feedlot operators to buy grain for less than it costs to grow
D)both routine use of antibiotics and subsidies that enable feedlot operators to buy grain for less than it costs to grow
E)lax regulation of wastewater treatment,routine use of antibiotics,and subsidies that enable feedlot operators to buy grain for less than it costs to grow
Q3) What are some advantages and disadvantages to feeding cattle grains instead of grass?
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Chapter 25: Fisheries and Aquaculture Fish in a Warehouse
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Q1) Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS)are best suited in __________.
A)urban centers of wealthy countries,as locations close to larger markets could help make RAS operations more likely to be economically viable
B)water-poor regions,as RAS operations have a small water footprint because they use only a limited amount of freshwater
C)tropical regions,as the breeding cycle of fish is best suited to the seasons in these regions
D)poor countries,as the start-up costs for RAS are low and because they create a lot of jobs
E)rural areas with access to a lot of open space,as RAS operations have a large land footprint that is not compatible with built-up urban areas
Q2) Why would Seabiscuit stop using bottom trawlers to be more sustainable?
A)They have less bycatch than other methods.
B)They catch fewer fish than other methods.
C)They destroy seabeds and impact more species than targeted fish.
D)They aren't as profitable as using other fishing methods.
Q3) How is aquaculture similar to a tree plantation?
Q4) Explain the difference between a marine-protected area and a marine reserve.
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Chapter 26: coal Bringing Down the Mountain
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Q1) What is a way electricity can be produced?
A)burning coal
B)harnessing nuclear energy
C)using the energy of moving water
D)capturing solar energy
E)These are all ways electricity can be produced.
Q2) What is a major drawback of clean coal technologies?
A)They produce their own toxic byproducts.
B)They increase coal's EROEI.
C)They decrease coal's EROEI.
D)They both produce their own toxic byproducts and increase coal's EROEI.
E)They both produce their own toxic byproducts and decrease coal's EROEI.
Q3) Which of the following regions once held the United States' largest coal reserves?
A)Appalachian Mountains
B)Wyoming
C)Alaska
D)Great Plains
E)Rocky Mountains
Q4) What are some of the hazards associated with coal mining?
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Chapter 27: Oil and Natural Gas the Bakken Oil Boom
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71 Verified Questions
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Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73824
Sample Questions
Q1) Why might it be difficult to accurately predict the point at which we reach peak oil?
Q2) The region that produces equal amounts of oil and natural gas is _________________.
A)South America
B)Africa
C)Eurasia
D)Middle East
Q3) Petrochemicals create the raw materials used to produce which of the following?
A)pesticides
B)plastics
C)soaps
D)computers
E)All of these answer choices are correct.
Q4) Which method of fracking wastewater disposal has a negative impact on the environment?
A)storage in open pits
B)injection into deep wells
C)use as a roadway desalter
D)All of these answers have negative impacts on the environment.
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Chapter 28: Air Pollution the Youngest Scientists
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Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73825
Sample Questions
Q1) Which is FALSE regarding pollutants defined as hazardous by the EPA?
A)Even in small doses,they can have adverse effects on human health.
B)They include volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
C)They may cause cancer or developmental defects.
D)All of these statements are true.
E)None of these statements are true.
Q2) Even the most isolated regions on Earth are vulnerable to the effects of air pollution because atmospheric and hydrologic circulation moves chemical and particulate pollutants around the globe.This is an example of ___________.
A)environmental injustice
B)transboundary pollution
C)environmental racism
D)internal costs
Q3) Which of the following is a consequence of acid deposition?
A)reduced nutrient uptake by plants
B)acidified lakes
C)dying forests
D)released aluminum from soils
E)All of these answers are correct.
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Chapter 29: global Climate Change Climate Refugees
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Sample Questions
Q1) Accepting climate change as inevitable and adjusting as best as possible is referred to as __________.
A)adaptation
B)prescription
C)mitigation
D)stabilization
Q2) Analyzing current and historic data bout CO<sub>2</sub> tells us current CO<sub>2</sub> levels _____________.
A)are lower than they have been in the past 2.7 million years
B)are only slightly higher than they have been in the past 2.7 million years
C)are the same as they have been for the past 100 years
D)are higher than they have been in the past 2.7 million years
E)We need more data to make any conclusions about the current CO<sub>2</sub> levels.
Q3) Which of the following is FALSE about climate change evidence?
A)The rate of ice and permafrost melting is accelerating.
B)There is less precipitation in coastal areas.
C)Marine species are moving deeper into the ocean.
D)Some areas of Antarctica are cooling and gaining snow.
E)All of these statements are true.
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Chapter 30: Nuclear Power the Future of Fukushima
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Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/73827
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the correct order of the states from the GREATEST percent of electricity generated by nuclear power to the LEAST percent generated?
A)Texas,South Carolina,Alabama,Nebraska
B)South Carolina,Washington,Nebraska,Texas
C)South Carolina,Nebraska,Alabama,Texas
D)Washington,Nebraska,Alabama,South Carolina
E)Alabama,Nebraska,Texas,Washington
Q2) Spent fuel rods are one of the wastes associated with the production of nuclear energy.Spent fuel rods are classified as ________________.
A)LLRW (low-level radioactive waste)
B)MLRW (medium-level radioactive waste)
C)HLRW (high-level radioactive waste)
D)recoverable waste
E)insignificant waste
Q3) Which of the following statements about nuclear fission is NOT true?
A)Nuclear fission splits the nucleus of an atom.
B)Nuclear fission releases energy.
C)Nuclear fission reactions depend on radioactive isotopes.
D)Nuclear fission does not produce any heat.
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Chapter 31: Sun, Wind, Water, and Earth Energy Fueled by the Sun
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT true of geothermal energy?
A)Geothermal projects can cause earthquakes.
B)Home-based geothermal projects can be expensive to install but have a relatively short payback time.
C)Geothermal projects are dangerous because they can release toxic fumes from deep inside the Earth.
D)Geothermal projects are entirely dependent on the locations of hot zones in the Earth's crust.
Q2) What makes solar energy an unreliable energy source?
A)Photovoltaic cells have a lot of moving parts that produce noise.
B)Sunlight is intermittent,especially in high-latitude locations.
C)It has expensive start-up costs.
D)All of these answers are correct.
E)Sunlight is intermittent and solar energy has expensive start-up costs.
Q3) What areas are BEST suited for geothermal energy production,and why?
Q4) Why is the unit barrels of oil equivalents (BOE)used in examining energy patterns?
Q5) Currently,fossil fuels meet most of the energy needs of the United States.Why do experts say that in the future,no one renewable source will dominate as fossil fuels do today?
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Chapter 32: Biofuels Gas From Grass
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Sample Questions
Q1) In your research on biofuels,you discover biofuels can be made from cellulosic crops.This means _______.
A)high-sugar crops like corn are used to make the fuel
B)fields planted in a monoculture yield more production for a fuel source
C)using plants such as grasses,which are more difficult to break down,for the fuel
D)the plants used for fuel are not useful as crops
Q2) Explain why there is a critical need for the development of biofuels.
Q3) Describe some benefits of making cellulosic ethanol from switchgrass.
Q4) Which of the following is TRUE regarding the increasing production of biofuels in the United States?
A)Ethanol and biodiesel are becoming competitors for gasoline and diesel fuel.
B)If grown with minimal or no fossil fuel inputs,biofuels decrease greenhouse gas emissions.
C)Increased use of biofuels improves national security by lessening dependence on foreign oil.
D)All of these answers are true.
E)None of these answers is true.
Q5) What are some advantages and disadvantages of using algae for biofuel?
Q6) What is biowaste? Describe the benefits of converting waste into energy.
Page 34
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