Environmental Geography Final Exam
Course Introduction
Environmental Geography explores the complex interactions between humans and their natural environment, examining how physical geographic processes such as climate, landforms, water systems, and ecosystems both shape and are shaped by human activity. The course investigates key issues including resource management, environmental degradation, sustainability, land use change, and the impacts of globalization on natural landscapes. Through case studies, spatial analysis, and current research, students gain a foundational understanding of how geographical principles inform our responses to environmental challenges and policy-making at local, regional, and global scales.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Contemporary Geography 1st Edition by James M. Rubenstein
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14 Chapters
1092 Verified Questions
1092 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Thinking Geographically
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Another name for a vernacular region is a perceptual region.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q2) Latitudes all converge at the poles.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q3) A toponym is the name given to a place.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q4) The process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time is diffusion.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Weather, Climate, and Climate Change
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76 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) In recent years, concern has grown that with ongoing climate change, certain parts of the Earth atmosphere system may be reaching tipping points, or conditions in which the pace of change may increase rapidly and irreversibly.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) ________ is a circulation change in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean that occurs every few years.
A) La Niña
B) El Niño
C) Intertropical Convergence
D) The Hadley Cell
E) Gyres
Answer: B
Q3) The vernal equinox occurs in March in the Northern Hemisphere.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Landforms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Erosion has increased as a result of the elimination of the vegetation cover for various reasons, but it is particularly severe where agriculture has replaced forests.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Like rivers, landforms along shorelines are shaped by the balance between:
A) the temperature of the water and the temperature of the surrounding area
B) sediment arriving in a portion of the shore and then being removed from it
C) The weight of the sediments in the water and the weight of the sediments arriving
D) the speed of the arriving sediments and the ability of the river to generate its own sediments
E) the temperature of the sediments arriving and its weight
Answer: B
Q3) Over the last 20 years, the rate of sea level rise appears to have increased to about 3 mm per year.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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5
Chapter 4: Biosphere
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Sample Questions
Q1) In ________, carbohydrates are broken down into CO and water when they combine with atmospheric oxygen.
A) transpiration
B) evaporation
C) respiration
D) carbonation
E) evapotranspiration
Q2) What are some of the ways in which humans alter the natural vegetation?
Q3) Nitrogen fixation occurs by both natural and human processes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What major factors do we attribute soil properties to? Explain each factor.
Q5) The major storage in the phosphorus cycle is in ________.
A) the atmosphere
B) the hydrosphere
C) the lithosphere
D) rivers and freshwater lakes
E) our homes and offices
Q6) Explain some of the ways in which carbon is stored and released in the environment.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Population
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe some of the strategies adopted in reducing high birth rates around the world.
Q2) In population studies, the percentage by which a population grows in a year, excluding migration, is referred to as:
A) crude birth rate
B) growth rate
C) population doubling time
D) natural increase rate
E) total fertility rate
Q3) The United States, Sweden and Australia all have about the same life expectancy at birth.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is true of a population pyramid?
A) It shows a country's population by age and gender
B) It shows a country's population by sex and height
C) It shows a country's population by education and gender
D) It shows a country's population by education and income level
E) It shows a country's population by gender and income
Q5) Briefly discuss the major global population clusters.
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Chapter 6: Migration
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Sample Questions
Q1) E.G. Ravenstein considered it a "law of migration" that longer distance migrations would gravitate away from centers of economic strength.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is not primary evidence of human di usion?
A) The archaeological record
B) The examination of skeletal remains
C) Signs of early human presence
D) Similarities in the faces of people thousands of miles apart
Q3) Compare inclusionary to exclusionary immigration policies.
Q4) Scientists generally agree that our early (hominid) ancestors evolved from an area in ________.
A) Central East Africa
B) Central West Africa
C) Centra Europe
D) Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
E) Nile Valley
Q5) The primary set of push and pull factors shaping global migration are political. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Languages and Religion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly discuss the global distribution of English.
Q2) Indo-Iranian is the largest of the the Indo-European family of languages.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Globally, two language families are used by two-thirds of the world.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The origin and early diffusion of language families predate recorded history.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Russian is an example of an isolated language and it is unrelated to other language families.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Which of the following is NOT one of East and South Asia's ethnic religions?
A) Bahá'í
B) Shintoism
C) Daoism
D) Confucianism
E) Hinduism
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Political Geography
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Sample Questions
Q1) Historically, frontiers rather than boundaries separated many states.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ________ is identity with (or inclusion with) a group of people who share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular country, rather than merely sharing cultural affinity.
A) Ethnicity
B) Country of origin
C) Nationality
D) Race
E) Regionalism
Q3) How are ethnicity and nationality similar and different?
Q4) Cyprus, the third-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, contains two nationalities. These are:
A) Italian and Spanish
B) French and Greek
C) Greek and Turkish
D) Turkish and Portuguese
E) Turkish and Arabic
Q5) What is terrorism and what are the different types?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die giving birth per ________ births
A) 1000
B) 10,000
C) 100,000
D) 1,000,000
E) none of the answer choices are correct.
Q2) In most developed countries, health care is a private service that is available to those who can afford it.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia have some of the world's literacy rates averaging ________ percent.
A) below 40
B) below 50
C) below 60
D) below 70
E) below 20
Q4) Compare and contrast the economic structures of developed and developing countries.
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Chapter 10: Food and Agriculture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Today it is estimated that about ________ still survive by hunting and gathering rather than by agriculture.
A) 5 million
B) 2 million
C) 750,000
D) 400,000
E) 250,000
Q2) Which of the following is not considered one of the global crop hearths?
A) East Asia
B) Sub-Saharan Africa
C) Southwest Asia
D) Southeast Asia
E) Central North America
Q3) Sustainable agriculture attempts to integrate the growing of crops and the raising of livestock as much as possible at the level of the individual farm.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is plantation agriculture and where are plantations typically found?
Q5) How is food production affected by population growth in Sub-Saharan Africa?
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Chapter 11: Industry
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Sample Questions
Q1) Russia and Brazil, currently classified by the United Nations as having relatively high levels of development, are especially rich in inputs critical for industry.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An airplane-parts manufacturer adjacent to airplane manufacturing companies is an example of which of the following?
A) Single-market manufacturer
B) Divided-labor industry
C) Benevolence-dependent industry
D) Consolidated manufacturing industry
E) Just-in-time manufacturing
Q3) Textiles are assembled into four main types of products. Which of the following is not one of the four major uses?
A) garments
B) home products
C) carpets
D) industrial uses
E) construction materials
Q4) What is a break-of-bulk point?
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Chapter 12: Services and Settlements
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the primate city rule, the largest settlement has:
A) about the same size as the second ranking settlement
B) slightly more people than the second ranking settlement
C) more than twice as many people as the second ranking settlement
D) about four times the population of the second ranking settlement
E) about ten times the population of the second ranking settlement
Q2) Define and discuss off-shore financial services, giving examples of their activities and the effects they have on national tax collection.
Q3) A ________, seen in the contemporary North American rural landscape, is characterized by farmers living on individual farms isolated from neighbors, rather than alongside other farmers in settlements.
A) clustered rural settlement
B) dispersed rural settlement
C) clustered linear rural settlement
D) clustered circular rural settlement
E) main street settlement
Q4) What are the characteristics of a clustered rural settlement?
Q5) Discuss the phenomenon of global urbanization.
Q6) Define service and briefly discuss the three different types of services.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Urban Patterns
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Sample Questions
Q1) The number of local government units in the U.S. exceeds ________.
A) 200
B) 1,000
C) 10,000
D) 20,000
E) 100,000
Q2) Which of the following is the main reason why consumers, businesses, and public services are attracted to the CBD?
A) accessibility
B) congestion
C) cheap rent
D) security and safety
E) variety
Q3) In European cities, many residents of the dreary suburbs are ________ who face discrimination and prejudice.
A) native Europeans who wish to preserve their ancient traditions but
B) persons of color or recent immigrants from Africa or Asia
C) immigrants from northern Europe
D) immigrants from Russia and Poland, as well as other parts of Eastern Europe,
E) none of the above
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Chapter 14: Resources
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Sample Questions
Q1) China and India together are about ________ percent of world population, but they have less than ________ percent of the world's renewable fresh water.
A) 75; 21
B) 37; 29
C) 37; 9
D) 25; 4
E) 50; 9
Q2) Briefly discuss trends in natural gas and coal usage around the world.
Q3) The term "________" refers to a group of elements called lanthanides and actinides that are not often found in large, commercially valuable quantities.
A) special earths
B) restricted minerals
C) rare earths
D) earth obscures
E) nonelastic minerals
Q4) Differentiate between point and nonpoint sources of water pollution.
Q5) Generally, mineral deposits are uniformly distributed around the world.
A)True
B)False
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