English for Science and Technology
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
English for Science and Technology is designed to equip students with the language skills necessary for effective communication in scientific and technical contexts. The course focuses on reading and comprehending scientific texts, writing reports and research papers, and developing oral communication skills for presentations and discussions in scientific settings. Emphasis is placed on technical vocabulary, grammar, and structures commonly used in scientific discourse, as well as strategies for synthesizing information and critically analyzing data. Students will engage with authentic materials from various scientific disciplines to enhance their ability to understand and produce scientific content in English.
Recommended Textbook
Practical Strategies for Technical Communication 2nd Edition by Mike Markel
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15 Chapters
600 Verified Questions
600 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Technical Communication
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is an advance organizer?
A) a note card listing some of the major points of your presentation, prepared in advance as a memory aid
B) a stress-relief exercise that you perform in the last few minutes before you begin to speak, to shake off some of the nervousness that you will probably experience
C) an assistant or colleague who helps prepare the room to ensure that your audiovisual aids are working, the lighting and room temperature are appropriate, and sufficient seating is available for the audience
D) a statement that tells the listener what you are about to say
Answer: D
Q2) If you are asked a question you do not understand during a question-and-answer session, you should first ask for clarification, then respond to the question, and then ask if you have answered the question adequately.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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3
Chapter 1: Introduction to Technical Communication
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chapter 1 identifies common reasons for creating technical documents. Which reason in the following list is NOT mentioned in the chapter?
A) to help others carry out a task
B) to change attitudes about a technology or an issue
C) to establish common knowledge in the marketplace
D) to help others make a decision
Answer: C
Q2) Chapter 1 identifies skills and qualities shared by successful workplace communicators. Which of the following is NOT on this list?
A) ability to perform research
B) ability to write code
C) ability to analyze information
D) ability to solve problems
Answer: B
Q3) What are the five steps in the process for writing technical documents described in Chapter 1?
Answer: The five steps are planning, drafting, revising, editing, and proofreading.
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Chapter 2: Understanding Ethical and Legal Obligations
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Sample Questions
Q1) To be effective, a code of conduct must stipulate penalties.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Chapter 2 identifies an employee's obligations to the employer. Which two of those obligations have the most to do with people outside of the company or organization?
A) competence
B) confidentiality
C) generosity
D) candor
Answer: B, C
Q3) Plagiarism is a legal issue and not an ethical issue.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) What term is used to describe the act of publishing a document you have already published elsewhere?
Answer: Self-plagiarism
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Page 5
Chapter 3: Writing Collaboratively
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Sample Questions
Q1) Differences between the ways men and women work in teams are hard to notice.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) What is one of the disadvantages of collaboration mentioned in Chapter 3?
Answer: The six disadvantages are that collaboration takes more time than individual writing, can lead to groupthink, can yield a disjointed document, can lead to inequitable workloads, can reduce a person's motivation to work hard on a document, and can lead to interpersonal conflict.
Q3) Chapter 3 offers several suggestions for conducting efficient meetings. Which of these is NOT a suggestion from the chapter?
A) Be aware of group members' body language and nonverbal communication.
B) Have one team member write down the decisions made at each meeting.
C) Avoid a formal schedule and make sure each team member gets to say whatever is on his or her mind.
D) Summarize the major decisions and assign tasks to finish before the next meeting. Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Analyzing Your Audience and Purpose
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your company has completed an audience analysis for the manual you are writing for users of a new accounting system. The manual will be given to the 750 employees in the company's accounting department. Some members of the audience are experienced accountants and others are not; some have MBA degrees and others have bachelor's or associate's degrees; some were recently hired and some are long-term employees; some are managers and some are bookkeepers. How might you best accommodate your audiences?
A) Include different sections for the different audiences.
B) Write the manual to the lowest level of the audience.
C) Write the manual to the highest level of the audience.
D) Prepare an audience profile sheet.
Q2) Interviews are great for learning from your audience but not for learning about your audience.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of these is a cultural variable "on the surface"?
A) tolerance of uncertainty
B) distance between ranks
C) distance between business and private life
D) prevalence of religion
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Chapter 5: Researching Your Subject
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Sample Questions
Q1) "How will China's rapid industrial development affect the global energy market over the next decade?" is more likely to be a workplace research question than an academic research question.
A)True
B)False
Q2) You are writing a report about technical methods used for desalination of seawater. Which of these resources is LEAST likely to provide the technical information you need?
A) a website for professional water-treatment engineers
B) a book about industrial desalination
C) a discussion board about ecology
D) a blog by a leading expert in desalination
Q3) Primary research is the set of sources that you consult while you are in the document-planning stage.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Government publications are not usually listed in indexes or by abstract services.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Writing for Your Readers
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is an advance organizer?
A) an outline of the document you are drafting, showing its content and organization
B) the text that introduces a list
C) any text that indicates the background, purpose, scope, and organization of the discussion that follows it
D) transitional words and phrases, such as first, therefore, furthermore, or consequently
E) None of the responses are correct.
Q2) Classification is an organizational pattern in which a unit is divided into its components.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is an example of a coherence device?
A) replacing nouns with demonstrative pronouns
B) removing transitional words
C) repeating key words
D) None of the responses are correct.
Q4) Therefore, furthermore, consequently, and next are all examples of what category of words?
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Chapter 7: Designing Print and Online Documents
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the design term for a straight line on a page or screen?
Q2) An estimated 50 percent of Internet users are nonnative speakers of English.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In typography, what is leading?
Q4) Text displayed in uppercase letters is easier to read than text set in a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of these design features for a document does not primarily involve the principle of contrast?
A) a rule
B) a pull quote
C) a screen
D) a marginal gloss
Q6) A page grid is a kind of map that shows how white space and text in a document are arranged.
A)True
B)False
Q7) What is chunking?
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Chapter 8: Creating Graphics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these graphics would be most effective for illustrating visual and spatial characteristics?
A) organization chart
B) screen shot
C) pictograph
D) table
Q2) Which of the following graphics would be best suited to showing logical relationships?
A) table
B) checklist
C) line drawing
D) organization chart
Q3) If a graphic is on the Internet, you may assume that you are free to republish it.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Chapter 8 offers six principles for using color in graphics. One is to use contrast effectively. Name two others mentioned in the chapter.
Q5) Why is it important to either begin graph axes at zero or mark them clearly?
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Chapter 9: Writing Correspondence
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Sample
Questions
Q1) Chapter 9 states two reasons language errors in correspondence are unprofessional. One is that they suggest a lack of respect for your reader and for yourself. What is the other reason?
Q2) it is inappropriate to use headings in memos.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When it appears in a letter, memo, or email, what does the symbol c stand for?
A) confidential
B) contract
C) copy
D) correspondence
Q4) Email is usually archived digitally (stored permanently).
A)True
B)False
Q5) In some cultures, a person is more likely to walk down the hall to deliver a brief message than to send an email, because doing so shows more respect.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Provide an example of a salutation.
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Writing Job-Application Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) what should you do after interviewing for a job?
A) Call to express your continued interest in the position.
B) Refrain from taking any action until the interviewer follows up with you.
C) Write a letter or email of appreciation.
D) All responses are correct.
E) None of the responses are correct.
Q2) Chapter 10 shows four paragraphs that should appear in a job-application letter. One is the introductory paragraph. What are two other paragraphs shown in the chapter?
A) education paragraph
B) professional-interests paragraph
C) references paragraph
D) concluding paragraph
E) None of the responses are correct.
Q3) Chapter 10 lists six guidelines for building the foundation of your professional brand. One is to research what others have done. Name two other guidelines.
Q4) In terms of how they are organized, what are the two major types of résumés discussed in the chapter?
Q5) what is an elevator pitch?
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Chapter 11: Writing Proposals
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Sample Questions
Q1) What does IFB stand for?
Q2) A solicited proposal is one that you send to a customer who has not requested it. A)True
B)False
Q3) what are the two kinds of deliverables that typically result from proposals?
A) a progress report
B) a tangible product, a service, or some combination of the two
C) transfer of real property
D) a research report
E) None of the responses are correct.
Q4) Which of the following is NOT an example of a quality-control measure?
A) a formative evaluation conducted by members of the project team
B) a performance test conducted by a third party
C) a list of all the heavy equipment used in a construction project
D) an on-site evaluation conducted by the customer
Q5) A task schedule is almost always drawn in one of three graphical formats: table, bar chart, or network diagram.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Writing Informational Reports
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the difference between a progress report and a status report?
A) There is no difference.
B) A progress report communicates the current status of an ongoing project, whereas a status report is an update on the entire range of operations of a department or division of an organization.
C) A status report communicates the current status of an ongoing project, whereas a progress report is an update on the entire range of operations of a department or division of an organization.
D) A progress report is written for readers outside of the originating organization, whereas a status report is written for readers within the organization.
Q2) Chapter 12 notes that in writing meeting minutes, you should be comprehensive and clear. According to the chapter, what else should you do?
A) Be objective.
B) Record emotional exchanges between participants.
C) Be diplomatic.
D) Create a planning document for use in preparing for the group's next meeting.
Q3) what is the primary purpose of a field report?
Q4) what are the two organizational patterns frequently used in progress reports?
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Page 15
Chapter 13: Writing Recommendation Reports
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Chapter 13, which of the following is NOT an acceptable way to present your conclusions in a recommendation report?
A) Rank all of the options.
B) Refer the reader to an appendix.
C) Present a compound conclusion.
D) Classify the options as either acceptable or unacceptable.
Q2) What fundamental question does the results section of a recommendation report answer?
Q3) What is the purpose of providing back matter in a report?
A) to provide information that elaborates on details in the body of the report
B) to help readers know where to go for additional information
C) to give readers answers to questions that the body of the report does not cover
D) All responses are correct.
Q4) What fundamental question does the conclusions section of a recommendation report answer?
Q5) A feasibility report is an argument that answers three kinds of questions. One kind is questions of possibility. What is one other kind of question?
Q6) In a decision matrix, which factor demonstrates a criterion's importance?
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Chapter 14: Writing Definitions, Descriptions, and Instructions
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Sample Questions
Q1) A writer is creating an employee handbook for assembly-line workers and their supervisors. One particular extended definition is approximately a page long. Where should the writer place this definition if it will be of interest to only the supervisors?
A) in a marginal gloss
B) in a footnote
C) in an appendix
D) in the text
Q2) Part of the challenge of deciding where to put a definition lies in the fact that several places are viable options.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What technique is used to clarify the term inflammable in this definition: "An inflammable substance is not a substance that cannot catch fire; to the contrary, an inflammable substance catches fire quite easily"?
Q4) What technique is used in the definition "RADAR originally stood for 'radio detection and ranging,' but these days it is rarely used as an acronym and instead appears as the noun radar"?
Q5) What are the three types of descriptions discussed in Chapter 14?
Page 17
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