Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)
Question Bank
Course Introduction
The Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) course is designed to prepare students with the knowledge and practical skills necessary to provide pre-hospital emergency medical care. Covering topics such as patient assessment, trauma management, airway and breathing assistance, cardiac emergencies, and medical/legal considerations, the course combines classroom instruction with hands-on training in life-saving interventions. Upon successful completion, students will be equipped to make critical decisions in high-pressure situations and be eligible to take state or national certification exams, qualifying them for entry-level positions as EMTs within emergency medical services.
Recommended Textbook
ECGs Made Easy 6th Edition by Barbara J Aehlert
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10 Chapters
507 Verified Questions
507 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Anatomy and Physiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The anterior surface of the heart consists primarily of the _____.
A) left atrium
B) right atrium
C) left ventricle
D) right ventricle
Answer: D
Q2) What factors affect afterload?
Answer: Afterload is the pressure or resistance against which the ventricles must pump to eject blood. Afterload is influenced by the following: arterial blood pressure, the ability of the arteries to become stretched (arterial distensibility), and arterial resistance.
Q3) Name the valve that separates the right ventricle from the right atrium.
Answer: Tricuspid valve.
Q4) __________ is the period during which a heart chamber is contracting and blood is being ejected.
Answer: Systole
Q5) The inferior outer surface of the heart is also called the _____ surface.
Answer: diaphragmatic
Q6) The ______ chambers receive blood from the vena cava and coronary sinus. Answer: right atrium
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Basic Electrophysiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do you determine whether the atrial rhythm on an ECG tracing is regular or irregular?
A) Compare QT intervals.
B) Compare PR intervals.
C) Compare R to R intervals.
D) Compare P to P intervals.
Answer: D
Q2) Tall, peaked T waves observed on the ECG are most commonly seen in patients with _____.
A) hypokalemia
B) hyperkalemia
C) hyponatremia
D) hypernatremia
Answer: B
Q3) In the limb leads, the ST segment is normally isoelectric, or less than 1 mm above or below the isoelectric line.
A)True
B)False
Answer: TRUE
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Sinus Mechanisms
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Sample Questions
Q1) The rate of a sinus rhythm is ____ beats/min.
A) slower than 60
B) 60 to 100
C) 80 to 120
D) faster than 100
Answer: B
Q2) An ECG rhythm strip shows a ventricular rate of 128 beats/min, a regular rhythm, a PR interval of 0.16 second, a QRS duration of 0.08 second, and one upright P wave before each QRS. This rhythm is sinus _____.
A) arrhythmia
B) bradycardia
C) rhythm
D) tachycardia
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following are possible causes of sinus tachycardia?
A) Hypothermia, hypovolemia
B) Hypoxia, calcium channel blocker overdose
C) Fever, pain, anxiety
D) Vomiting, vagal maneuvers
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Atrial Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) In atrial fibrillation, the AV node attempts to protect the ventricles from the hundreds of impulses bombarding it per minute by blocking many of the impulses generated by the irritable sites in the atria.
A)True
B)False
Q2) PACs associated with a wide QRS complex are called __________ PACs, indicating that conduction through the ventricles is abnormal.
Q3) Individuals with preexcitation syndrome are predisposed to tachydysrhythmias.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A macroreentrant circuit is one that involves a small area of heart tissue, usually a few centimeters or less.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Delivery of an electrical current timed for delivery during the QRS complex is called defibrillation.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Junctional Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) If seen, the P wave of a rhythm originating in the AV junction will appear _____ in lead II.
A) upright
B) inverted
C) tall and peaked
D) wide and notched
Q2) Adenosine is the drug of choice when treating a symptomatic patient with a junctional rhythm at a rate of 40 beats/min.
A)True
B)False
Q3) List four reasons why the AV junction may assume responsibility for pacing the heart.
Q4) A(n) _____ pause often follows a PJC and represents the delay during which the SA node resets its rhythm for the next beat.
Q5) The usual rate of nonparoxysmal junctional tachycardia is _____ beats/min.
A) 50 to 80
B) 80 to 120
C) 101 to 140
D) 150 to 300
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Chapter 6: Ventricular Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) How would you differentiate a junctional escape rhythm at 40 beats/min from a ventricular escape rhythm at the same rate?
A) It is impossible to differentiate a junctional escape rhythm from a ventricular escape rhythm.
B) The junctional escape rhythm will have a narrow-QRS complex; the ventricular escape rhythm will have a wide QRS complex.
C) The rate (40 beats/min) would indicate a junctional escape rhythm, not a ventricular escape rhythm.
D) The junctional escape rhythm will have a wide QRS complex; the ventricular escape rhythm will have a narrow-QRS complex.
Q2) What is the name given to polymorphic VT that occurs in the presence of a long QT interval?
Q3) Medications to suppress an idioventricular rhythm should generally be avoided. A)True
B)False
Q4) List four common causes of premature ventricular complexes.
Q5) List four reasons when the ventricles may assume responsibility for pacing the heart.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Atrioventricular Blocks
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Sample Questions
Q1) A _____ bundle branch block produces a QS pattern in lead V<sub>1</sub>.
Q2) A 2:1 AV block is characterized by _____ intervals.
A) irregular P to P
B) irregular R to R
C) regular P to P intervals and regular R to R
D) irregular P to P intervals and regular R to R
Q3) An ECG rhythm strip shows a regular ventricular rhythm at a rate of 30 beats/min, more P waves than QRS complexes (the P waves occur regularly), a variable PR interval, and a QRS duration of 0.14 second. This rhythm is _____.
A) 2:1 AV block
B) third-degree AV block
C) second-degree AV block type I
D) second-degree AV block type II
Q4) In second-degree AV block type I, the PR interval _____.
A) shortens
B) is absent
C) is inconstant
D) remains constant
Q5) A _____ bundle branch block produces a RSR pattern in lead V<sub>1</sub>.
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Chapter 8: Pacemaker Rhythms
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first letter of the pacemaker identification code represents _____.
A) the chamber sensed
B) the chamber paced
C) the mode of response
D) programmable functions
Q2) In pacing, rate modulation refers to _____.
A) the ability of a pacemaker to recognize and respond to intrinsic electrical activity
B) the minimum level of electrical current needed to consistently depolarize the myocardium
C) the ability of a pacemaker to increase the pacing rate in response to physical activity or metabolic demand
D) a pacing lead with a single electrical pole at the distal tip of the pacing lead through which the stimulating pulse is delivered.
Q3) A demand pacemaker is also known as a _____ pacemaker.
Q4) Describe what is meant by the term overdrive pacing.
Q5) Explain the benefits of a dual-chamber pacemaker.
Q6) Explain the difference between electrical capture and mechanical capture.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Introduction to the 12-Lead Electrocardiogram
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Sample Questions
Q1) The inferior wall of the left ventricle is supplied by the _____ coronary artery in most of the population.
A) left
B) right
Q2) Poor R-wave progression is a phrase used to describe R waves that decrease in size fromm V to V This is often seen in an _____ infarction.
A) anteroseptal
B) anterolateral
C) inferolateral
D) inferoposterior
Q3) Where should the positive electrode for leadd V<sub>5</sub> be positioned?
A) Right side of the sternum, fourth intercostal space
B) Left midaxillary line at the same level as V4
C) Left side of the sternum, fourth intercostal space
D) Left anterior axillary line at the same level as V4
Q4) When you read a 12-lead ECG from left to right, the ECG tracing is continuous.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe the appearance of a pathologic Q wave.
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Chapter 10: Posttest
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n) __________ is a vertical line on the ECG that indicates the pacemaker has discharged.
Q2) A Q wave, if present, is always a negative waveform.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The axes of leads I, II, and III form an equilateral triangle with the heart at the center (Einthoven's triangle). If the augmented limb leads are added to this configuration and the axes of the six leads moved in a way in which they bisect each other, the result is the
Q4) Which of the following correctly reflects the ECG indicators of ischemia?
A) Pathologic Q waves, ST-segment elevation
B) ST-segment elevation, T-wave inversion
C) ST-segment depression, T-wave inversion
D) Pathologic Q waves, ST-segment depression
Q5) Individuals with preexcitation syndrome are predisposed to tachydysrhythmias.
A)True
B)False
Q6) A(n) __________ occurs as a result of an electrical impulse from a supraventricular site (such as the SA node) discharging at the same time as an ectopic site in the ventricles.
Page 12
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