Electronics Laboratory
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Electronics Laboratory is a hands-on course designed to provide students with practical experience in the fundamentals of electronic circuits and devices. Through a series of structured laboratory experiments, students will learn to build, analyze, and troubleshoot basic electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, and operational amplifiers. Emphasis is placed on the use of laboratory instruments, including oscilloscopes, function generators, and multimeters, to measure and characterize circuit behavior. The course fosters critical thinking and problem-solving skills, reinforcing theoretical concepts covered in lecture-based electronics courses and preparing students for more advanced study and professional work in electronics and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Electronic Principles 8th Edition by Albert Paul Malvino Dr
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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Q1) The Thevenin voltage is sometimes called
A) the open-circuit voltage.
B) the short-circuit voltage.
C) the source voltage.
D) the load voltage.
Answer: A
Q2) A breadboard is
A) a shelf used to store components.
B) a circuit often built with solderless connections.
C) a small printed circuit board.
D) a schematic diagram of a circuit.
Answer: B
Q3) When you reduce a current source to zero
A) you are effectively replacing it by a short.
B) you are effectively replacing it by an open.
C) you are effectively replacing it by a low-value resistor.
D) you are effectively replacing it by a fuse.
Answer: B
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3
Chapter 2: Semoconductors
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Q1) What is the approximate current level in a reverse-biased diode?
A) 0.7 mA
B) 0.7 A
C) 1.7 A
D) zero
Answer: D
Q2) Intrinsic semiconductor has unequal number of free electrons and holes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) When the departure of an electron creates a vacancy in the valence orbit,it is called a
A) hole.
B) vacant electron.
C) polarized electron.
D) negative ion.
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Diode Theory Key
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Q1) Most electronic troubleshooters begin by measuring
A) voltages out of the power supply.
B) resistances of the diodes.
C) power of the diodes.
D) current out of the power supply.
Answer: A
Q2) The maximum forward current is one of the maximum ratings given on a data sheet.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) What is the condition that causes a diode togo into avalanche when a huge number of carriers suddenly appear in the depletion layer?
A) forward voltage drop
B) maximum power dissipation
C) reverse breakdown voltage
D) maximum forward current
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Diode Circuits
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Q1) What type of filters are configured using resistors,inductors,and capacitors connected between the rectifier and the load resistance?
A) active
B) passive
C) operational amplifier
D) IC
Q2) Most power supplies use a slow-blow fuse that can temporarily withstand overloads in current.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The capacitor-input filter produces a dc output voltage equal to the peak value of the rectified voltage.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Ac ripple measurements can be most accurately made by using A) an ohmmeter.
B) a multimeter.
C) an oscilloscope.
D) a spectrum analyzer.
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Chapter 5: Special-Purpose Diodes Key
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Q1) What type of bias is required for normal operation of a zener diode?
A) reverse
B) forward C) positive
D) negative
Q2) A varistor is a semiconductor device that operates like two back-to-back zener diodes with a high breakdown in both directions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A circuit used when the desired dc output is less than the output of the power supply is a
A) zener regulator.
B) high-pass filter. C) low-pass filter. D) bridge rectifier.
Q4) A shorted component is equivalent to a resistance of zero,and an open component is equivalent to a resistance of infinity.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 6: BJT Fumdamentals
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Q1) In an npn transistor,the emitter and collector are both n-type materials.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In a system of analysis called h parameters,hFE is defined as the symbol for thermal resistance.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A bipolar junction transistor has two doped regions.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What type of transistor is usually found in a simple three-terminal,gull-wing package?
A) chassis mount
B) printed-circuit
C) surface-mount
D) power
Q5) The power rating of a transistor can be increased by using a heat sink.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: BJT Biasing
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Sample Questions
Q1) Collector-feedback bias is also called
A) collector-follower bias.
B) emitter-feedback bias.
C) voltage-divider bias.
D) self-bias.
Q2) To prevent meter loading,a voltmeter used to make transistor circuit voltage measurements should have an input impedance of ________.
A) 10 kW
B) 100 kW
C) 1 MW
D) 10 MW
Q3) Collector-feedback bias is still sensitive to changes in current gain,but it is used because of its
A) small size.
B) low cost.
C) simplicity.
D) complexity.
Q4) Emitter-feedback bias is also called self-bias.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Basic BJT Amplifiers
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Sample Questions
Q1) Coupling capacitors can be approximated as dc shorts.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is a method used to analyze an amplifier in which each source is calculated separately while the other source is reduced to zero?
A) Kirchoff's Laws
B) Fourier's analysis
C) Lenz's Law
D) superposition
Q3) What is one way to minimize distortion?
A) use batteries only
B) keep amplifier dc supply voltages low
C) use ICs
D) keep ac base voltages small
Q4) The ac current gain equals the ac collector current divided by the ac base current.
A)True
B)False
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10
Chapter 9: Multistage,CC,and CB Amplifiers
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Sample Questions
Q1) If each transistor in a Darlington pair has a gain of 100,what is the overall current gain?
A) 100
B) 200
C) 1000
D) 10,000
Q2) A circuit that combines a zener regulator and an emitter follower is referred to as
A) an emitter regulator.
B) a follower regulator.
C) a zener follower.
D) a zener diode.
Q3) In any amplifier,maximum power transfer occurs when the
A) load impedance is much higher than the source impedance.
B) load impedance is much lower than the source impedance.
C) load impedance is made equal to the source impedance.
D) load impedance is infinite and source impedance is zero.
Q4) One of the advantages of an emitter follower is its high output impedance.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Power Amplifiers
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Q1) Harmonics are
A) multiples of a frequency.
B) instruments that provide sounds with metal reeds.
C) circuits used in audio amplifiers.
D) equations used in amplifier design.
Q2) A power amplifier produces output power ranging from a few hundred milliwatts up to hundreds of watts.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The three types of amplifier coupling methods are capacitive,transformer,and inductive.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The efficiency of an amplifier is equal to dc output power divided by the ac input power.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Class B and AB amplifiers require a stable operating point near cut-off.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: JFETS
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Q1) In the schematic symbol for a p-channel JFET,the gate arrow points out.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The current drain to source with a shorted gate (I<sub>DSS</sub> )is the maximum drain current a JFET can produce.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How effective the gate-source voltage is controlling the drain current is referred to as _________.
A) pinchoff
B) saturation
C) transconductance
D) conductance
Q4) Transconductance tells us how effective the gate-source voltage is in controlling the source current.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A JFET chopper can be used to build a dc amplifier.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Mosfets
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Q1) A simple computer circuit that causes its output voltage to be opposite of the input voltage is the
A) comparator
B) amplifier
C) converter
D) inverter
Q2) One of the major advantages of the D-MOSFET is its extremely high input resistance.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One major advantage of a power FET over a bipolar junction transistor is
A) that an FET is current controlleD.
B) the lack of thermal runaway.
C) the lower input resistance.
D) it requires a larger heat sink.
Q4) A p-channel D-MOSFET consists of a drain-to-source p-channel,along with an n-type substrate.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Thyristors
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Q1) A device that can be used to form a pulse generating circuit called a relaxation oscillator is
A) a UJT.
B) an SCR.
C) a silicon controlled switch.
D) a diaC.
Q2) Commercially available SCRs have anode currents that extend as high as ________.
A) 50 mA
B) 100 mA
C) 7 A
D) 70 A
Q3) The angle at which the SCR is triggered on is called the A) conduction angle.
B) production angle.
C) trigger angle.
D) firing angle.
Q4) The only way to close a transistor latch circuit is by thermal runaway.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Frequency Effects
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Q1) In music,the doubling of the frequency is referred to as ________.
A) doublet
B) quadruplet
C) octave
D) decade
Q2) In many communication systems maximum power transfer is produced by proper
A) impedance matching.
B) impedance coupling.
C) use of small signal amplifiers.
D) use of grounding.
Q3) Sources of stray capacitance or inductance of conventional feed-through components does not include
A) geometry and internal structure of the device.
B) printed-circuit layout.
C) power supply voltage.
D) external leads on the device.
Q4) In music,the word octave refers to eight times the frequency.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Differential Amplifiers
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Q1) The three op amp data sheet characteristics that designers use when accurate answers are required are input bias current,input offset current,and input offset voltage.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Intel P4 Prescott version microprocessor contains approximately
A) 125 transistors.
B) 125 thousand transistors.
C) 125 million transistors.
D) 125 billion transistors.
Q3) When a single-ended output of a differential amplifier is used,the input is
A) inverting only.
B) noninverting only.
C) differential only.
D) either inverting or noninverting.
Q4) The input circuit used in most op amps is the A) preamp.
B) tuned RF amp.
C) common-collector.
D) differential amp.
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Chapter 16: Operational Amplifiers
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Q1) The best way to eliminate output error and minimize thermal drift of an op amp is by using a nulling circuit.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the CMRR of a 741C op amp at low frequencies?
A) 9 dB
B) 90 dB
C) 900 dB
D) 9000 dB
Q3) The 741C is the least expensive and most widely used op amp.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The best method to eliminate output error and minimize thermal drift of an op amp is by
A) connecting a compensating capacitor.
B) using a nulling circuit.
C) using a tuned amplifier.
D) using a RLC filter.
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Negative Feedback
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Q1) A current-controlled voltage source is sometimes called a transresistance amplifier.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Types of circuits that use negative feedback does not include
A) voltage-controlled voltage source.
B) current-controlled voltage source.
C) transconductance amplifier.
D) transistor amplifier.
Q3) A voltage-controlled current source (VCIS)is also called a voltage-to-current converter.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A transconductance amplifier is another name for the A) voltage-controlled voltage source.
B) current-controlled voltage source.
C) voltage-controlled current source.
D) current-controlled current source.
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19
Chapter 18: Linear OP AMP Circuits
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Q1) Advantages of a noninverting op amp circuit include stable voltage gain,high input impedance,and low output impedance.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The total voltage gain with an input driving both sides of an op amp equals the voltage gain of the inverting channel times the voltage gain of the noninverting channel.
A)True
B)False
Q3) An ac-coupled amplifier needs a frequency response down to zero hertz.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The characteristics of an instrumentation amplifier does not include
A) large voltage gain.
B) low input offsets.
C) low temperature drift.
D) low input impedance.
Q5) The output of a linear op amp circuit has the same shape as the input signal.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Active Filters Key
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Q1) When used to compensate for the time delay of another filter,the all-pass filter is sometimes called a
A) compensator filter.
B) delay equalizer.
C) shift filter.
D) pass time filter.
Q2) In terms of damping,the Butterworth response is
A) critically damped.
B) underdamped.
C) overdamped.
D) not damped.
Q3) If a rippled passband is acceptable,the Chebyshev and elliptic filters are the filters of choice.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A filter that has a passband and no stopband is the ________.
A) high-pass
B) bandpass
C) bandstop
D) all-pass
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Chapter 20: Nonlinear Op-Amp Circuit Applications Key
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Q1) A circuit that performs a mathematical operation and produces a ramp of output voltage is known as
A) an integrator.
B) a comparator.
C) a differentiator.
D) an oscillator.
Q2) Oscillators are built with negative feedback.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Monolithic op amps are inexpensive,versatile,and reliable.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A comparator has two input voltages and one output voltage which is either a low or a high voltage.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Some optimized comparators have diode clamps built into input stages in order to protect sensitive circuits.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 21: Oscillators Key
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Q1) The Colpitts oscillator is recognized by the capacitive voltage divider used to produce feedback necessary for oscillations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What type modulation exists when both the width and the period of the pulses vary with the modulating signal?
A) amplitude modulation
B) frequency modulation
C) pulse-position modulation
D) pulse-width modulation
Q3) Some phase-shift oscillator configurations use
A) one lead circuit to produce the required 180° of phase shift.
B) two lead circuits to produce the required 180° of phase shift.
C) four lead circuits to produce the required 180° of phase shift.
D) six lead circuits to produce the required 180° of phase shift.
Q4) A sinusoidal oscillator is basically an amplifier with negative feedback.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 22: Regulated Power Supplies Key
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Q1) What is often used to improve the operation and efficiency of a series regulator?
A) a power transistor
B) a germanium transistor
C) a Darlington connection
D) a MOSFET
Q2) A zener diode is what type regulator?
A) shunt
B) series
C) boost
D) buck
Q3) A simple voltage regulator can be built with a zener diode.
A)True
B)False
Q4) When analyzing a voltage regulator,what is the difference between the input and the output voltage called?
A) difference voltage
B) delta
C) inductive kick
D) headroom voltage
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