Educational Psychology
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Educational Psychology explores the theoretical foundations and practical applications of how people learn and develop within educational settings. The course covers key topics such as cognitive development, motivation, learning theories, classroom management, individual differences, assessment, and cultural influences on education. By integrating current research with real-world classroom scenarios, students gain insight into effective teaching strategies and interventions that support diverse learners. The course equips future educators and practitioners with the knowledge to foster positive learning environments and enhance student success.
Recommended Textbook
Infants and Children Prenatal Through Middle Childhood 8th Edition by Laura E. Berk
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13 Chapters
1478 Verified Questions
1478 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: History, Theory, and Research Strategies
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Professor Story is interested in studying the strategies children use to acquire new knowledge in reading. The best design for Professor Story to use would be the __________ design.
A) longitudinal
B) microgenetic
C) cross-sectional
D) sequential
Answer: B
Q2) Research that combines a(n) __________ strategy with a __________ approach, with the aim of augmenting development, is becoming increasingly common because it permits both correlational and causal inferences.
A) longitudinal; sequential
B) experimental; longitudinal
C) cross-sectional; microgenetic
D) correlational; experimental
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Genetic and Environmental Foundations
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gene-environment interaction shows that
A) people respond similarly to the same environment.
B) different gene-environment combinations can make two people look the same.
C) people with different gene-environment combinations never respond similarly.
D) heredity restricts the development of some characteristics to just one or a few outcomes.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is a major cause of the dramatic rise in fraternal twinning and other multiple births in industrialized nations over the past several decades?
A) global warming
B) older maternal age
C) late fertilization of the ovum
D) variation in oxygen levels
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Prenatal Development
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) At birth, Megan weighed 9.5 pounds. Research shows that she is at an increased risk of __________ in adulthood.
A) diabetes
B) lung cancer
C) breast cancer
D) stroke
Answer: C
Q2) Children exposed to a sedative called thalidomide were often born
A) with noncancerous tumors.
B) six to eight weeks premature.
C) with severe cognitive delays .
D) with gross deformities of the arms and legs.
Answer: D
Q3) Lanugo appears over the entire body during the __________ of pregnancy.
A) second month
B) third month
C) second trimester
D) third trimester
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Birth and the Newborn Baby
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compared to full-term infants, preterm babies are
A) at a greater risk for child abuse.
B) more often held close.
C) talked to more gently.
D) more often touched.
Q2) In South America, the Jarara mother
A) leans against the body of the "head helper" to give birth.
B) gives birth in full view of the entire community.
C) gives birth in a hammock with a crowd of women close by.
D) gives birth in a freestanding birth center.
Q3) Stage 2 of labor lasts __________ for a first baby and __________ in later births.
A) an average of 12 to 14 hours; 4 to 6 hours
B) an average of 4 to 6 hours; 20 to 50 minutes
C) about 50 minutes; 20 minutes
D) about 5 to 10 minutes; 90 minutes
Q4) Describe the signs that indicate that labor is near.
Q5) Describe the Apgar Scale, and explain how it is used.
Q6) Describe ways parents and caregivers can soothe a crying baby, and explain how or why each technique works.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Physical Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When measuring Avery's brain functioning with __________, researchers use a tool called a geodesic sensor net (GSN) to hold up to 128 interconnected electrodes in place.
A) an electroencephalogram (EEG)
B) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
C) positron emission tomography (PET)
D) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
Q2) Prya has classically conditioned young Raj to suck when Prya touches Raj's stomach during feeding. If Prya repeatedly touches Raj's stomach without feeding him, Raj will
A) gradually stop sucking in response to having his stomach touched.
B) learn to suck without having his stomach touched.
C) stop eating until Prim touches his stomach and feeds him again.
D) increase his level of sucking in response to having his stomach touched.
Q3) Which of the following statements about intermodal stimulation is true?
A) It is important for the healthy development of human, but not animal, babies.
B) It interferes with infants' ability to learn the patterns of their native language.
C) It is unrelated to perceptual development.
D) It fosters all aspects of psychological development.
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Chapter 6: Cognitive Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nine-month-old Daisy retrieves her pacifier, which her mother has hidden under a cover. Baby Daisy has begun to master
A) deferred imitation.
B) object permanence.
C) make-believe play.
D) reflexive schemes.
Q2) The ability to shift attention from one stimulus to another improves by _____ months.
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 6
Q3) __________ controls attention, suppresses impulses, coordinates information in working memory, and flexibly directs and monitors thought and behavior.
A) Automatic processes
B) Sensory processes
C) Executive function
D) Mirror neurons
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Chapter 7: Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In families with several children,
A) parents tend to look for similarities between siblings.
B) parents often regard siblings as less distinct than other observers do.
C) both identical and fraternal twins tend to become increasingly similar in personality with age.
D) parents' tendency to emphasize each child's unique qualities affects their parenting practices.
Q2) Newborn babies respond with __________ to too much or too little stimulation.
A) locked gazes
B) generalized distress
C) fear
D) "mouth-open" smiles
Q3) Which of the following children is most likely to be receiving abusive or neglectful care?
A) Dante, whose attachment is disorganized/disoriented
B) Sonya, whose attachment is secure
C) Anthony, whose attachment is avoidant
D) Riley, whose attachment is resistant
Q4) Describe the development of anger in infants, and explain why angry reactions increase with age.
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Chapter 8: Physical Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Neurons in the __________ send out fibers to the prefrontal cortex, contributing to improvements in sustained, controlled attention.
A) cerebellum
B) hippocampus
C) reticular formation
D) corpus callosum
Q2) Discuss how sleep habits contribute to body growth in children, and explain how disrupted sleep affects cognitive functioning.
Q3) Anya, age 4, is asked to draw a picture of a person. She will probably
A) draw a circular shape with lines attached, and add features such as eyes, nose, mouth, and hair.
B) make a realistically detailed image with primitive drawing techniques.
C) draw a large head with facial features but no body.
D) use depth cues, such as overlapping objects, in the background.
Q4) Most 5- to 6-year-olds learn how to
A) use scissors.
B) gallop and skip with one foot.
C) draw a person with six parts.
D) catch a ball against their chest.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When shown a LEGO structure made to look like a crayon, 3-year-old Astrid said that the object "really and truly" was a crayon. Astrid is having trouble with
A) class inclusion.
B) hierarchical classification.
C) the appearance-reality distinction.
D) conservation.
Q2) Preschoolers seem to use illogical reasoning
A) as a coping mechanism when they greatly fear failure.
B) whenever they are presented too little information to reason logically.
C) only when they must grapple with unfamiliar topics.
D) when adults pressure them to arrive at an answer quickly.
Q3) An early childhood math curriculum called __________ uses materials that promote math concepts and skills through three types of media: computers, manipulatives, and print.
A) Helping Our Math Evolve (HOME)
B) Mini Mathletes
C) Little Einsteins
D) Building Blocks
Q4) Explain how adults can foster preschoolers' language development.
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Chapter 10: Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Androgynous children and adults
A) are less adaptable than those with traditional gender identities.
B) score low on both "masculine" and "feminine" personality characteristics.
C) are less able to show "feminine" sensitivity than "masculine" individuals.
D) have higher self-esteem than "feminine" individuals.
Q2) The most successful approach to child rearing is a(n) __________ style.
A) permissive
B) authoritarian
C) uninvolved
D) authoritative
Q3) __________ accounts for 18 percent of reported cases of child maltreatment.
A) Neglect
B) Physical abuse
C) Sexual abuse
D) Emotional abuse
Q4) Describe authoritative child rearing, and explain what makes it effective.
Q5) Three-year-old Jenna becomes very clingy when her father drops her off at preschool. When he turns to leave, she becomes emotionally reactive and begins crying and tries to follow him to the door. What advice might you give Jenna's father to deal with her fear?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Physical Development in Middle Childhood
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Seven-year-old Sanjay would likely say he __________ after eating junk foods.
A) feels better
B) focuses better
C) is happier
D) feels sluggish
Q2) Parents
A) often underestimate children's safety knowledge.
B) often underestimate children's physical abilities.
C) have little influence on children's safety knowledge.
D) must be educated about children's age-related safety capabilities.
Q3) When coaches make winning paramount, weaker performers generally experience __________, an affect that is more common in __________.
A) adjustment problems; boys
B) low self-esteem; girls
C) social ostracism; boys
D) peer sympathy; girls
Q4) School children around the world engage in an enormous variety of informally organized games. How do these activities contribute to social and emotional development?
Q5) List and describe common factors associated with childhood obesity.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When assessing students, Mrs. Carter introduces purposeful teaching into the testing situation to find out what the child can attain with social support. Mrs. Carter is using A) dynamic assessment.
B) disengagement.
C) static assessment.
D) componential analysis.
Q2) Describe the two most common approaches to teaching beginning reading. What does research suggest is the best way to teach beginning reading?
Q3) Miguel is bilingual. He sometimes speaks sentences in English that contain one or more Spanish words without violating the grammar of either language. Miguel engages in
A) a topic-focused style of communication.
B) a classic form.
C) a topic-associating style of communication.
D) code switching.
Q4) Define cognitive self-regulation. Why does it develop gradually? How can parents help foster it?
Q5) Describe Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of successful intelligence.
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Chapter 13: Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Braison is receiving an intervention that encourages him to believe that he can overcome failure by exerting more effort. Braison is receiving
A) learned success.
B) attribution retraining.
C) mastery orientation.
D) performance evaluation.
Q2) Parents
A) more often praise girls for knowledge and boys for obedience.
B) behave in more mastery-oriented ways with daughters than with sons.
C) less often encourage girls to make their own decisions.
D) set higher standards for girls than for boys when helping a child with a task.
Q3) Which of the following parents is most likely to pay child support regularly?
A) Betty, a noncustodial mother who sees her son only occasionally
B) George, a noncustodial father who has supervised visitation with his son
C) Frank, a noncustodial father who sees his daughter often
D) Willa, a noncustodial mother who has no visitation rights
Q4) What are some ways that schools can prevent learned helplessness and foster a mastery-oriented approach to learning?
Page 15
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