Educational Psychology
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
Educational Psychology explores the scientific study of how people learn and develop in educational settings. The course examines key theories of cognitive, emotional, and social development, motivation, learning styles, and individual differences. Students will analyze the principles of effective teaching, classroom management, and assessment, as well as the impact of cultural and environmental factors on learning. By applying psychological theories and research, the course aims to enhance understanding of the learning process and inform evidence-based instructional practices to support diverse learners.
Recommended Textbook
Educational Psychology Active Learning Edition 12th Edition by Anita Woolfolk
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15 Chapters
1511 Verified Questions
1511 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Learning, Teaching, and Educational Psychology
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68 Verified Questions
68 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What size or direction of correlation coefficient is likely to be obtained between children's ages (from five to 13 years)and the distance that they can long jump?
A)Close to zero
B)Either +1.00 or -1.00
C)Negative
D)Positive
Answer: D
Q2) Differentiate between descriptive and experimental research orientations with regard to purpose,methods,and the interpretation of results.
Answer: Descriptive research CANNOT show cause-and-effect relationships;it does NOT involve a change or treatment,and it uses observation to characterize things as they exist.Relationships between variables are described by correlations.Experimental research involves randomization and use of a dependent variable (outcome)and independent variable (treatment).Experimental research may indicate cause-and-effect relationships,for example,would provide a teacher with directions or basic guidelines for how to react to different problems that occur.[The theory would not,however,dictate specific solutions,because every situation is unique.]
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Chapter 2: Cognitive Development
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84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Piaget,most adults may be able to use formal operational thought in only a few areas in which they have the greatest interest or experience.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) What part of the brain coordinates and orchestrates skilled movements?
A)Cerebellum
B)Cortex
C)Cerebrum
D)Frontal lobe
Answer: A
Q3) Vygotsky's view of cognitive development differs from Piaget's in the importance and emphasis placed on a person's
A)experience.
B)genetic factors.
C)interpersonal interactions.
D)private speech.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: The Self, Social, and Moral Development
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because children with learning disabilities and mental retardation may respond inappropriately to peers,they are at risk for developing feelings of ________.
Answer: loneliness
Q2) A child who engages in behaviors intended to hurt another child is engaging in ___________aggression.
Answer: hostile
Q3) Aggression and assertiveness are synonymous behaviors.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Researchers who analyzed 130 reports based on over 130,000 participants concluded that playing violent video games has no influence on children's thoughts or behaviors.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q5) Long-term adjustment to the divorce of a student's parents seems to be more difficult for ________ than for ________.
Answer: boys;girls
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Chapter 4: Learner Differences and Learning Needs
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A type of speech impairment that is characterized by difficulty in producing sounds is a(n)________.
Q2) A five-year-old is found to have a mental age of seven on Binet's original IQ test.What is the estimate of the child's intelligence quotient? A)115 B)130
C)140 D)170
Q3) According to the work of Cattell and Horn (1963,1988),there are two types of intelligence:
A)Fluid and contextualized
B)Fluid and crystallized
C)Interpersonal and intrapersonal
D)Global and verbal
Q4) Hyperactivity can be most accurately described as a A)disease characterized by excessive nervousness.
B)neurological disorder causing short attention spans.
C)variable set of conditions with differing sets of causes.
D)variable set of conditions with a single cause.
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Chapter 5: Language Development, Language Diversity, and Immigrant Education
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Metalinguistic awareness begins to develop at about the age of puberty.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Compare alternative approaches to teaching bilingual children.Should a child's use of his/her non-English language in classroom learning be discouraged or directly integrated with learning in Standard English?
Q3) Susana says "my backpack was forgotted," which is example of what problem of learning grammar?
A)She overregularized the word "forget" by applying a rule to every language situation.
B)She has a disability related to pragmatics.
C)She misuses monolingual educational strategies.
D)She shows evidence of being semi-lingual in her second language.
Q4) Many researchers believe in the notion of ________ or the idea that if children do not learn certain language or literacy skills by specific ages,they never will.
Q5) When a student understands language and how it works,the student is said to have
Q6) Children have a larger ________ vocabulary than expressive vocabulary.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Culture and Diversity
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73 Verified Questions
73 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Individuals who belong to a resistance culture
A)refuse to adopt the behaviors and attitudes of the majority culture.
B)are more likely to come from a high socioeconomic background.
C)are denied most social services in the United States.
D)are likely to hide their cultural norms and values.
Q2) What are some things schools and teachers can do in this instance to accommodate cultural diversity?
Q3) The prevailing view regarding the use of learning styles research for identifying ethnic group differences is that such information
A)has very little validity and,therefore,should be ignored by teachers.
B)is both highly valid and valuable and should be recognized by teachers.
C)needs to be considered cautiously as it may promote stereotyping.
D)promotes the idea that ethnic groups in the U.S.are more similar than different.
Q4) Both traditional and ethnocentric approaches should be emphasized in multicultural education.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What would you say to these parents? Explain why you would give these answers.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Behavioral Views of Learning
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mr.Matin interviews a student about her disruptive behavior to learn about her reasons for the behavior.This approach is an example of doing functional behavioral assessment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A consequence is defined by Skinner as a reinforcer or a punisher depending on whether it
A)increases or decreases the frequency of the behavior that it follows.
B)is designed to promote desirable behavior or suppress undesirable behavior.
C)is pleasurable or uncomfortable for the subject receiving the consequence.
D)occurs antecedent to or as a consequence of the behavior.
Q3) Any consequence that strengthens the behavior it follows is a(n)________.
Q4) The concluding step of the self-management process is
A)evaluating progress.
B)goal-setting.
C)recording progress.
D)self-reinforcement.
Q5) Crediting all students to earn a reward for both academic work and positive classroom behavior is a ________ system.
Page 9
Q6) Positive reinforcement/negative reinforcement
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Chapter 8: Cognitive Views of Learning
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A student provides an explanation of why water evaporates,but his description leaves out some of the details the teacher provided,while including some new information.Cognitive theorists would attribute this to A)elaboration.
B)reconstruction.
C)repression.
D)time decay.
Q2) The process that occurs when remembering certain information is hampered by the presence of other information is called ________.
Q3) Differentiate between distributed and massed practice.Which method of practice is better for learning?
Q4) With what type of knowledge is Bill having difficulty?
A)Conditional
B)Declarative
C)General
D)Procedural
Q5) The term used to describe the best example of a particular concept category is a(n)________.
Q6) What is the role of schemas in influencing the children's recollections?
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Chapter 9: Complex Cognitive Processes
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95 Verified Questions
95 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is a general plan for approaching a learning task.
Q2) The stage of transfer for strategies in which the teacher should provide new problems that can be solved with the same strategy is the stage of A)acquisition.
B)overlearning.
C)retention.
D)transfer.
Q3) When students do not have existing schemas that suggest an immediate solution to the problem,they must take a schema-driven route to solve the problem.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe some of the learning strategies that Joe and Mary might use to enhance the problem-solving skills of their students.Will their strategies differ for regular vs.honors students?
Q5) ________ is the ability to regulate one's thinking and learning.
Q6) Response set:
Q7) In addition to having originality,creativity involves ________ motivation.
Q8) Creative work is original,appropriate,and________.
Q9) Working backwards:
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Chapter 10: The Learning Sciences and Constructivism
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You plan to implement a middle-school mathematics unit on the personal costs of cell phone use.You have decided to teach this curricular unit using cooperative learning.How will you arrange your cooperative learning groups and what factors will you consider in regards to group assignments and membership.
Q2) The way that we think about and represent information reflects that fact that we need to interact with the world.This theme is referred to the theory of _____________ within the field of cognitive sciences.
Q3) One of the reasons Mr.Brakefield assigns students to cooperative learning groups is so that he can rotate leadership roles and opportunities amongst his students.Mr.Brakefield's rationale for assigning groups is a valid one.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Bruner's notion of teaching,in which more complex forms of learning build upon fundamental concepts taught early in the school years,is called the ________ curriculum.
Q5) How might the use of cooperative learning strategies help students to overcome the diverseness in their science backgrounds?
Q6) Many constructivist theories are grounded in the work of _____________.
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Chapter 11: Social Cognitive Views of Learning and Motivation
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62 Verified Questions
62 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Self-regulation involves activating and maintaining one's ________,behaviors,and emotions.
Q2) Mr.Jacoby is very effective at encouraging his students to become self-regulated learners because he includes the following in his teaching:
A)Direct instruction on the aspects of self-regulated learning
B)Minimal feedback so that his students can evaluate their own work
C)Cooperative learning activities
D)Opportunities for students to develop their creative abilities
Q3) Volition is another term for task commitment.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A student who focuses on self-talk to guide her behavior is using _______________ modification techniques.
Q5) When failure does occur,self-regulated learners are LESS likely to A)get defensive.
B)be persistent.
C)ask for help.
D)stay motivated.
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Q6) Beliefs about our ability to accomplish tasks in a given situation is ________.
Chapter 12: Motivation in Learning and Teaching
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Viewing a cause of failure as stable is likely to lower aspirations for future success.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In Maslow's hierarchy,self-esteem is considered to be what type of need?
A)Being
B)Deficiency
C)Proficiency
D)Self-actualization
Q3) Ability is perceived as a stable,uncontrollable trait by people who adopt a(n)________ view of ability.
Q4) Good teachers explicitly state how the information to be learned will benefit their students in the future career or for life outside of work and school.Thus,good teachers regularly remind their students of the ______________ of what they are to learn.
A)constructivism
B)external attribution
C)intrinsic efficacy
D)instrumental value
Q5) The interest state that arouses,directs,and maintains behavior is ________.
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Chapter 13: Creating Learning Environments
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Woolfolk suggests that,as a first step toward dealing with a discipline problem,teachers should
A)ask the student to state the correct rule or procedure.
B)give the student a nonverbal signal to stop.
C)give the student a soft reprimand.
D)tell the student in a clear,assertive way to stop.
Q2) Researchers have found that when ethnic minority students believed their teachers were fair,tolerant,and respectful they were also more likely to believe America is a just society.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Canter and Canter's approach to dealing with behavior problems by making expectations clear and following through with defined consequences is called ________ discipline.
Q4) What is the primary rationale for using the paraphrase rule with a class?
A)Encourage students to speak in full sentences.
B)Give students the benefit of the doubt when they break a rule.
C)Increase students' communication skills.
D)Promote classroom interactions among students.
Q5) Activities that are accomplished in the classroom are described as ________.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Teaching Every Student
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Questions dealing with concrete facts are divergent questions.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Mager's three-part system for formulating instructional objectives includes student behavior,conditions under which that behavior is to be performed,and ________.
Q3) Based on the brief description above,analyze Ms.Chavez's weaknesses in presenting material and in her choice of approaches (give her lecture skills).
Q4) The heart of the recitation approach to teaching that has been around for many years is
A)praising.
B)reacting.
C)soliciting.
D)setting a framework.
Q5) Adaptive teaching provides all students with challenging learning tasks. A)True
B)False
Q6) Teacher clarity is a characteristic that is fairly simple to define objectively.
A)True
B)False
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Classroom Assessment, Grading, and Standardized Testing
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185 Verified Questions
185 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If scores of individuals are consistent over time,the test is said to have high
Q2) When critical decisions are made from test scores,the process is called ________ testing.
Q3) What is the most serious problem in the multiple-choice test item that you are now reading?
A)Distractor responses should be clearly incorrect.
B)Students should not have to discriminate between the alternative choices.
C)The response choices include two distractors that essentially have the same meaning.
D)The stem does not present a single,straightforward problem.
Q4) In a student portfolio,the teacher should determine what evidence of work should be included.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Both criterion-referenced and norm-referenced report cards indicate student progress toward specific goals.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Would her grading system be considered norm-referenced? Why or why not?
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