Educational Psychology Final Exam
Course Introduction
Educational Psychology explores the scientific study of how people learn and develop within educational settings. The course examines key theories of learning, motivation, cognitive development, and classroom management, focusing on how these principles can be applied to enhance teaching effectiveness and student success. Topics include individual differences, assessment, the impact of culture and environment on learning, and the role of psychological research in shaping educational practices. Students will gain insights into designing instruction and interventions that support diverse learners, fostering a positive learning environment, and understanding the cognitive and emotional factors that influence achievement and behavior in school contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Lifespan Development Lives in Context 1st Edition by Tara L. Kuther
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18 Chapters
2073 Verified Questions
2073 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Understanding Human Development:
Approaches and Theories
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136 Verified Questions
136 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Experts and professionals with a diverse range of expertise contribute to our understanding of lifespan human development. This indicates that developmental science is:
A) plastic.
B) multidisciplinary.
C) multidirectional.
D) multidimensional.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following theorists is credited as the father of the psychoanalytic perspective?
A) Lev Vygotsky
B) Erik Erikson
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Charles Darwin
Answer: C
Q3) In experimental research, the independent variable is manipulated or varied systematically during the study.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Biological and Environmental Foundations
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A human zygote contains 46 matching pairs of chromosomes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Monozygotic twins are more common than dizygotic twins.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Males' sex chromosome pair includes two X chromosomes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Dr. Rashaud recognizes that even traits that have a strong genetic component, such as height, are modified by environmental influences. Dr. Rashaud studies ______.
A) behavior genetics
B) molecular biology
C) biochemistry
D) fetal medicine
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: The Prenatal Period, Birth, and the Newborn
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155 Verified Questions
155 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the _____ period, all of the organs and major body systems are formed.
A) neonatal
B) germinal
C) embryonic
D) fetal
Answer: C
Q2) The _____ is the largest cell in the human body.
A) zygote
B) ovum
C) sperm
D) embryo
Answer: B
Q3) _____ is a fine, down-like hair that covers the fetus's body.
A) Vernix caseosa
B) Lanugo
C) The amnion
D) The mesoderm
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Physical Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Babies who are breast-fed longer than 6 months tend to have higher scores in language ability at ages 5 and 10.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which type of brain development depends on contextual and cultural circumstances of a child's life?
A) Experience-expectant brain development
B) Experience-independent brain development
C) Experience-dependent brain development
D) Experience-equivalent brain development
Q3) Newborns do not understand imitation; rather, their facial expressions naturally mimic others.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Why do newborns lose 5-10% of their body weight in the first few days after birth?
Q5) Motor development reflects an interaction between maturation and environment in which the infant acquires increasingly complex _____ of action.
Page 6
Q6) Why is myelination an important neuronal process in brain development?
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Chapter 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following illustrates secondary circular reactions?
A) Alexis wants her sippy cup that is on top of the table but she can't reach it, so she pulls a stool over to the table and steps up on it to get her cup.
B) Jason sucks his thumb.
C) Brianna drops a ball and watches it bounce down the stairs.
D) Michael kicks his legs while lying in his crib to make a mobile move.
Q2) How did Piaget believe infants think about an object?
A) Piaget believed that infants must experience an object through both the visual and tactile senses.
B) Piaget believed that infants think about objects through mental representation.
C) Piaget believed that infants have a set of innate knowledge to begin their cognitive development.
D) Piaget believed that infants simply need to hear information to learn.
Q3) What happens when there is damage to Broca's area in the brain?
A) Damage to Broca's area will cause a person to become deaf.
B) Damage to Broca's area impairs the ability to speak coherently.
C) Damage to Broca's area inhibits the ability to speak fluently.
D) Damage to Broca's area impairs the ability to understand others' speech.
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Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) What area of development does the internal working model of attachment influence in children?
A) The ability to habituate
B) Temperament
C) IQ level
D) The development of self-concept or sense of self
Q2) Virtually all infants are attached to their parents.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is not an emotion that newborns experience?
A) Disgust
B) Distress
C) Joy
D) Interest
Q4) According to Erikson, which of the following is not an outcome seen in a toddler who is encouraged to be autonomous?
A) Self-reliance
B) Confidence
C) Passivity
D) Self-control
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Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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206 Verified Questions
206 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ________ is a collection of 250 to 800 million neural fibers that connect the left and right hemispheres of the brain, permitting them to communicate and coordinate processing.
A) cerebellum
B) cerebral cortex
C) hippocampus
D) corpus callosum
Q2) ______ refers to the set of cognitive abilities-such as attention, memory, and inhibitory control-that permit higher cognitive functions, including planning, decision making, and goal setting.
A) Metacognition
B) Perspective taking
C) Internalization
D) Executive function
Q3) By age 5, children understand that the mind is always active.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Provide an example of an overregularization error. What do overregularization errors reveal about young children's language development?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Taking on adult roles through play is an activity primarily seen in the United States and not typically observed in other societies.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What are the benefits of sociodramatic play?
Q3) When children demonstrate independence and act purposefully, they are primed to develop a healthy sense of:
A) perspective.
B) self-esteem.
C) direction.
D) morality.
Q4) Girls engage in more sociodramatic play than boys.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Young children maintain their positive views about themselves because they do not compare their performance with that of other children.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Harsh punishment is a common characteristic of the _____ parenting style.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of Annabelle's teachers comment on what nice penmanship she has. She also loves to braid friendship bracelets and play the flute. Annabelle is demonstrating skill in which area of motor development?
A) Instrumental skills
B) Spatial skills
C) Gross motor skills
D) Fine motor skills
Q2) How to divide goods fairly is known as:
A) conventional moral reasoning.
B) morality of constraint.
C) distributive justice.
D) morality of cooperation.
Q3) The central executive is responsible for all of the following except:
A) coordinating performance on two separate tasks or operations.
B) retrieving information from short-term memory.
C) quickly switching between tasks.
D) selectively attending to specific information and ignoring irrelevant information.
Q4) Why are children able to engage in metacognition?
Q5) Morality of cooperation is also known as:
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Chapter 10: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Children in all cultures experience the same reaction to being raised by same-sex parents.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Perpetrators of sexual abuse are most often males whom the child does not know.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In 2013, how many U.S. children under the age of 18 lived with a single parent?
A) 10%
B) 35%
C) 50%
D) 70%
Q4) Relationally aggressive children, including bullies, are frequently perceived by peers as cool, powerful, and popular.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Another name for bullying is peer victimization.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
Q6) Divorce rates in the United States are (increasing/decreasing).
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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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95 Verified Questions
95 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not associated with formal operational reasoning?
A) The ability to think abstractly.
B) The ability to think logically.
C) The ability to think systematically.
D) The ability to engage in selective attention.
Q2) The orientation that is based on the abstract principles of fairness and individualism is called a(n) _____ orientation.
Q3) Anne's parents talk to her about decisions in the family. They keep track of her homework and they have a set time to do schoolwork each day. Anne's parents provide her with additional support when she needs it, such as enrolling her in a special reading program when Anne was having difficulty. Anne's parents volunteer in the school when they can. What parenting style does Anne's parents exhibit?
A) Authoritative
B) Authoritarian
C) Permissive
D) Uninvolved
Q4) The female-focused mode of moral reasoning in which individuals have a desire to maintain relationships and a responsibility not to cause hurt is called a(n) _____ orientation.
Page 14
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Chapter 12: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence
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197 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Theo and Rochelle are the parents of 18-year-old Jayce. To those outside of the immediate family, Jayce seems to lack direction; he does not apply himself at school and has not explored any alternatives for his future. When asked what he wants to do with his life, Jayce shrugs his shoulders and mutters that he'll have plenty of time to be an adult when he's older. Jayce has had several part-time jobs but he either quits or gets fired for poor performance and not showing up. He avoids talking about work, school, or the future and seems indifferent to those who try to motivate him. Jayce has been caught in the basement of his home smoking and drinking with his friends. He was also escorted home a few months ago by a police officer who broke up an underage party with alcohol. Theo and Rochelle believe that Jayce is just a typical teenager and that he'll eventually grow up and become more responsible. Which identity status best fits Jayce? Are Theo and Rochelle correct that Jayce will likely grow out of this phase? Why or why not?
Q2) Cliques are groups of about five to seven close friends.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Rates of suicide are similar across industrialized nations.
A)True
B)False
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Page 15
Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
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95 Verified Questions
95 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Young adult women show higher rates of weight gain than women in other age groups.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Development beyond formal operation is dependent on metacognition and experience.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Obesity is more related to environmental pressures than genetic factors.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Why do nontraditional students have strengths that traditional students may not?
A) They have more social support than the traditional college student.
B) They tend to show a readiness to learn and a problem-centered orientation toward learning.
C) They are more likely to have financial stability.
D) They are more driven, so they tend to graduate earlier than traditional students.
Q5) The most mature type of reasoning is called:
Q6) Two or more instances of binge drinking within the past 30 days is called:
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Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development in Early
Adulthood
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What do women of color report as a strong desire when they are in the workplace?
A) They report a desire to make an equal amount of pay to the white coworkers in their workplace with the same job.
B) They report a strong desire to be mentored by women of their own ethnicity.
C) They report wanting coworkers to take them seriously in the workplace.
D) They report a need to have a more flexible schedule.
Q2) Highly educated professional women are more likely to marry than women without professional careers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is not a characteristic of couples who cohabitate in the United States as compared to married couples?
A) The couples tend to be less satisfied.
B) The couples show higher rates of intimate violence.
C) The couples have less stable relationships.
D) The couples show lower rates of dissolution.
Q4) Successful marriages are based on realistic expectations.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
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81 Verified Questions
81 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How are adult learners different from the traditional college student?
A) Adult learners enjoy learning for the sake of learning.
B) Adult learners tend to be problem-oriented in that they typically want to know why they should learn something.
C) Adult learners enjoy engaging in collaboration with others, which a college experience typically involves.
D) Adult learners are more likely to challenge their professors and not show the same respect that traditional students show.
Q2) Richard gets angry very easily. He thinks about confrontations he has with coworkers all the time and will vent to anyone who will listen. He puts a lot of pressure on himself and his children. If they don't do what he asks, he yells at them and becomes very upset to the degree that he gets short of breath. What would Richard most likely be diagnosed with?
A) High blood pressure
B) Anxiety
C) Cancer
D) Depression
Q3) Which type of strength is retained as individuals age?
Q4) What type of intelligence involves the accumulation of facts and information?
Page 18
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Chapter 16: Socioemotional Development in Middle
Adulthood
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Parents and adult children tend to become closer as they mature.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is Erikson's term for the concern and sense of responsibility for future generations and society as a whole that adults have in midlife?
Q3) What has been found to be the biggest concern regarding aging for people in midlife?
A) Maintaining the appearance of youth.
B) Losing contact with friends.
C) Maintaining physical activity and avoiding dependence on family.
D) Becoming less valued in society.
Q4) What are the benefits of working in adulthood?
Q5) In which ethnicity are grandparents most likely going to be responsible for raising their grandchildren in the United States?
A) Hispanic
B) European American non-Hispanic
C) African American
D) Asian American
Q6) How is generativity often expressed in early midlife?
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Chapter 17: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) The average patient progresses to the final stage of Alzheimer's disease over the course of about 5 years.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How are cataracts treated?
A) Cataracts are treated through the use of medicated eye drops.
B) Cataracts are treated through a surgical procedure in which the lens is replaced with an artificial lens.
C) Cataracts are treated through laser technology.
D) Cataracts cannot be treated and are a common cause of blindness in old age.
Q3) Which of the following is not a type of long-term memory that shows an age-related decline?
A) Semantic memory
B) Episodic memory
C) Autobiographical memory
D) Memory for experiences
Q4) Parkinson's symptoms appear when 100% of the nerve cells in the substantia nigra are damaged.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Socioemotional Development in Late
Adulthood and the End of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The actual social support doesn't matter as much as the level that the person perceives he or she is receiving.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Marital satisfaction peaks in late adulthood.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Most older adults live in or near the home they have lived in most of their lives.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Who is likely to have an easier adjustment to retirement?
A) Workers in high stress, demanding jobs, or those that provide little satisfaction
B) Workers who retire abruptly without much preparation
C) Workers in highly satisfying, low stress, pleasant jobs
D) Workers who feel that they are forced to retire
Q5) Younger adults report having more fun with their friends than do older adults.
A)True
B)False
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