Earth and Environmental Science Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
Earth and Environmental Science explores the dynamic processes that shape our planet and the complex interactions between the geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. This course examines the physical structure of the Earth, the materials that compose it, and the natural systems responsible for weather, climate, and the distribution of natural resources. Students learn about environmental challenges such as pollution, resource depletion, and climate change, and investigate scientific principles and methodologies used to study and address these issues. Through practical activities and case studies, the course fosters an understanding of the role human activity plays in environmental change, emphasizing sustainable practices and informed decision-making for the stewardship of Earths resources.
Recommended Textbook
Environmental Science 12th Edition by Wright
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23 Chapters
1939 Verified Questions
1939 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Science and the Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following ecosystem service degradations is not a major environmental concern for sustainable development?
A)overfishing the oceans
B)degrading agricultural soils
C)depleting supplies of coal
D)cutting forests faster than they can regrow
Answer: C
Q2) In the past,most Western ethics concerning our relationship to the natural environment have been based upon
A)the utility of the environment to humans.
B)conserving natural ecosystems without alteration.
C)the aesthetic value of natural systems.
D)reverence and respect for the spiritual aspects of the natural world.
Answer: A
Q3) The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment primarily characterized human impact on
A)atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
B)degradation of the ozone layer.
C)ecosystem services.
D)plate tectonics.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Economics, Politics, and Public Policy
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Sample Questions
Q1) In many countries,the policy life cycle will be in
A)a different stage for different problems,which is unrelated to the stage of economic development of a country.
B)the same stage for different problems,which is unrelated to the stage of economic development of a country.
C)a different stage for different problems,which is related to the stage of economic development of a country.
D)the same stage for different problems,which is related to the stage of economic development of a country.
Answer: C
Q2) Environmental public policy
A)diminishes the wealth of a nation.
B)transfers wealth from polluters to pollution controllers and to less polluting companies.
C)is bad for the economy.
D)has significantly increased unemployment in the United States.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Basic Needs of Living Things
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hundreds of millions of years ago,in the formation of fossil fuels ,large amounts of
A)organic detritus were trapped underground.
B)nitrogen were trapped in rocks during extensive volcanic activity.
C)sodium were used to form ancient fossils,seashells,and limestone.
D)phosphate gas were added to the atmosphere through erosion and evaporation.
Answer: A
Q2) Which one of the following best represents the relationship between cell respiration and photosynthesis?
A)Complimentary;one produces chemical energy in the form of glucose while the other releases energy from glucose.
B)Antagonistic;while one is operating,the other is inhibited.
C)Neutral;they operate in different organisms or at different times in the same organism.
D)Competing;both use the same limited resources.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Populations and Communities
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Sample Questions
Q1) The risk of introducing a natural enemy to control an invasive species is that
A)it might drive the invasive species to extinction.
B)the natural enemy might also become a pest.
C)the natural enemy might evolve into a new species.
D)the natural enemy may introduce genetic diversity into the invasive species.
Q2) Without human intervention to save a species from extinction,which one of the following organisms would be most likely to survive threats to its extinction?
A)a flower species that produces three seeds a year and lives for up to 4 years
B)a mushroom species that releases millions of airborne spores and dies
C)an elephant species that provides parental care for 1 or 2 offspring for more than a year
D)a frog that lays 50-100 eggs every year for 2-3 years
Q3) The concept of biological fitness is based on two separate abilities.These are the ability to
A)survive and reproduce.
B)find a mate and have offspring.
C)defend against enemies and find food.
D)produce and defend a family.
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Chapter 7: The Use and Restoration of Ecosystems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sustainable exploitation of natural ecosystems will most likely
A)increase the ecosystem capital of the ecosystem.
B)decrease the ecosystem capital of the ecosystem.
C)maintain the ecosystem capital of the ecosystem.
D)convert the natural resources into ecosystem capital.
Q2) In general,most ecosystems in the world have
A)remained relatively unchanged for millions of years.
B)been impacted by human activities.
C)experienced increased ecosystem capital because of human activities.
D)already been significantly harmed by global climate change.
Q3) Many ecosystems are damaged by attempts to make a quick profit because
A)natural services are valued more than natural goods.
B)ecosystem services require sustained human development.
C)the value of ecosystem services is underappreciated.
D)the prices of most natural goods continue to fall.
Q4) Which one of the following best illustrates consumptive use of a resource?
A)A farmer raises 1,000 acres of soybeans in Illinois.
B)A fishing vessel hauls in 100 tons of tuna for sale on the open market.
C)A farmer in Indiana shoots a wild turkey for his Thanksgiving dinner.
D)A shrimp farm in Thailand raises shrimp to sell in China.
Page 9
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