Early World Civilizations
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Course Introduction
Early World Civilizations explores the development and impact of ancient societies from prehistory to the end of the classical era. The course examines the political, economic, social, and cultural contributions of major civilizations such as Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, China, Greece, and Rome. Through the analysis of archaeological findings, primary sources, and scholarly interpretations, students gain insight into the formation of early governments, religions, technologies, and trade networks. The course emphasizes the interconnectedness of global cultures and the enduring legacies of early civilizations in shaping the modern world.
Recommended Textbook Heritage of World Civilizations The Combined Volume 10th Edition by Albert M. Craig
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Birth of Civilization
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Q1) Compare and contrast the role of women in Mesopotamian societies to their roles in Egypt,India,and China.
Answer: Answers will vary,but should include information from each of the societies,such as: In Egypt,women's prime roles were connected with the management of the household.They could not hold office,go to scribal schools,or become artisans.Nevertheless,women could own and control property,sue for divorce,and,at least in theory,enjoy equal legal protection.
Q2) Which of the following was not a contribution of the Aryans to Indian civilization?
A)Sanskrit language
B)the sacred Vedic literature
C)sophisticated agricultural techniques
D)the foundations of the caste system
Answer: C
Q3) Mathematics could not develop until
A)the Sumerian sexagesimal system was adopted.
B)the time of Hammurabi,when mathematics developed alongside astronomy.
C)an independent concept of number was established.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Four Great Revolutions in Thought and Religion
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Q1) All of the following represent Aristotles views <U>except</U> the A)importance of empirical observation.
B)teleological and moral purpose of the polis.
C)exercise and application of moderation.
D)desirability of monarchy.
Answer: D
Q2) According to early Greek philosophers, how did the universe as we know it begin?
A)Through natural processes
B)Through the plans of an intelligent being
C)Through the thoughts of several powerful deities
D)Through a clash of chaos and order
Answer: A
Q3) The Israelite prophets contributed to all of the following <U>except</U>
A)the campaign to turn people against false gods and toward Yahweh.
B)the purification of Jewish faith by demanding righteousness of its followers.
C)the consolidation of the ten lost tribes of Israel.
D)the Biblical interpretation of Israelite national success.
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Greek and Hellenistic Civilization
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Q1) Which is the best summary of the role of Demosthenes in Athenian history?
A)He was a traitor who served Philip of Macedon.
B)His prescient warnings went unheard because he was such a weak speaker.
C)His warnings about the Macedonian threat distracted Athens from more serious dangers.
D)His warnings about the Macedonian threat were unheeded until it was too late.
Answer: D
Q2) Which qualities would a Homeric hero prize most dearly?
A)strength,teamwork,artistic ability
B)charity,prowess,speaking ability
C)individual prowess,courage,personal honor
D)wealth,love of country,the good life
Answer: C
Q3) The Peloponnesus is
A)a peninsula attached to mainland Greece by a narrow isthmus.
B)an island covered with mountains.
C)an island separated from Greece by the Gulf of Corinth.
D)much smaller than Attica.
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4:
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Q1) Manichaeans advocated
A)a radical dualism between spirit and matter.
B)a universal "justice."
C)restoring the original unity of Christian,Zoroastrian,and Buddhist teachings.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q2) According to the Hymn of Zoroaster, Ahura Mazda judges his followers by their A)actions and accomplishments,not their thoughts.
B)motives and thoughts,not their actions and accomplishments.
C)knowledge and understanding,not their faith.
D)faith,not their knowledge and understanding.
Q3) Alexander the Great
A)made little impact on the Indian subcontinent except in the northwest.
B)determined the political boundaries of India for centuries to come.
C)consolidated his conquests in India by establishing a road system.
D)promoted the Hellenization of India by encouraging his soldiers to settle in India.
Q4) What are the religious origins of the caste system? What are the differences between the main Hindu castes? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the caste system?
Q5) Compare and contrast the teachings of Zoroaster to those of Hinduism.
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Chapter 5: Africa: Early History to 1000 CE
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Q1) The earliest Iron Age culture in West Africa about 500 B.C.E. belonged to the A)Nubians.
B)Nigerians.
C)Ethiopians.
D)Nok people.
Q2) Discuss the diffusion of languages and peoples in African history.How does the linguistic diffusion show that,despite natural barriers,Africa's peoples have not been as internally isolated or compartmentalized as was once thought?
Q3) In the first millennium C.E., the coastal regions of East Africa
A)were more isolated and economically self-sufficient than the rest of the continent. B)already had extensive overseas contacts with India,Arabia,and the Mediterranean. C)were united into a great empire by the Periplus Dynasty.
D)had not yet evolved beyond hunting and gathering.
Q4) Compare and contrast the evolution of Aksum as compared to Ghana.What role did religion play in the development of these kingdoms? What role did trade play? What factors contributed to their decline?
Q5) How did the spread of Islam affect various African cultures and civilizations?
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Republican and Imperial Rome
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Q1) The poet Ovid wrote
A)love elegies,and was a favorite of Augustus.
B)love elegies,and was banished by Augustus.
C)epic poetry,and achieved great fame.
D)satire,and became the court poet of Tiberius.
Q2) According to Propertius, the virtues of the ideal Roman woman include all of the following except
A)monogamy.
B)fertility.
C)integrity.
D)thrift.
Q3) What were the political,social and economic problems that beset Rome in the third and fourth centuries C.E.? How did Diocletian and Constantine deal with them? Were they effective in stemming the tide of decline and disintegration in the Roman Empire? What problems were they unable to solve?
Q4) What factors enabled Christianity to triumph over competing religions? What aspects of society and the religion allowed Christianity to attract followers? How did emperors such as Constantine view Christianity and its relationship to the state?
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Chinas First Empire and Its Aftermath, 221
BCE-589 CE
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Q1) Compare and contrast the first emperors of China and Rome.What were the policies of each emperor and how did each achieve his goals? Which was the most successful? You may need to refer to the previous chapter on Rome to complete your response on this topic.
Q2) Confucian ideas were considered useful under the Former Han Dynasty for all of the following reasons except:
A)the mandate of heaven provided an ethical justification for dynastic rule.
B)Confucianism was seen as shaping moral men.
C)Confucianism guided the interpretation and application of laws.
D)Confucian eunuchs served as tutors for the royal children.
Q3) The Qin Dynasty collapsed
A)because of a break in the Great Wall.
B)following decades of gradual decline under weak rulers.
C)because their harsh rule and burdensome demands alienated most people.
D)after more than two hundred years of security and stable rule.
Q4) The so-called Salt and Iron Debates were concerned with
A)whether China should be a land- or sea-based power.
B)the best way to deal with the barbarians beyond the Great Wall.
C)what should be the basis of the Chinese currency.
D)whether the government should have monopolies over certain goods.
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Chapter 8: Imperial China,589-1368
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Q1) The ethnic background of the general that created the Sui dynasty was
A)Chinese-Turkic.
B)Japanese.
C)Chinese-Mongol.
D)Chinese.
Q2) Why was Empress Wu (625706)successful in obtaining control in the Tang period How did her role affect Chinese history? Did her influence enhance or detract from the prestige of the Tang Empire?
Q3) Tang culture had all of the following characteristics <U>except</U>:
A)openness to non-Chinese cultures.
B)the growth of Buddhist influences.
C)the reappearance of secular scholarship and literature.
D)rejection of native philosophies and religions.
Q4) During the Tang dynasty, which of the following religions entered China?
A)Zoroastrianism
B)Manichaeism
C)Judaism
D)All of these answers are correct.
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10
Chapter 9: Early Japanese History
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Q1) "Shint " in the Japanese language means
A)"divine wind."
B)"tent government."
C)"the way of the gods."
D)"those who serve."
Q2) What do the careers and literary texts of Murasaki Shikibu and Sei Sh nagon reveal about the lives of women in Heian Japan? What do myths such as the sun goddess suggest about Japanese women's lives? How did the roles of women evolve during the Kamakura Shogunate?
Q3) The basic unit of Yamato aristocratic society was the A)extended family or clan.
B)lord/vassal relationship.
C)administrative relationship in the bureaucracy.
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q4) The Yayoi revolution included the agricultural,
A)bronze,and iron revolutions.
B)iron,and industrial revolutions.
C)financial,and iron revolutions.
D)cultural,and iron revolutions.
Q5) How did geography affect the development of Japan?
Page 11
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Chapter
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Q1) The center and capital of the Abbasid Empire in 900 C.E., as shown in Map 10-2, was A)Constantinople.
B)Alexandria.
C)Baghdad.
D)Mecca.
Q2) According to the Quran, women have the right to A)own property.
B)hold political office.
C)receive equal inheritance.
D)wear a veil at all times.
Q3) As shown in Map 10-1, by 750 C.E., Islam had spread to the A)Middle East,north Africa,and Spain.
B)Near East,north Africa,and Italy.
C)Far East,north Africa,and Spain.
D)Middle East,east Africa,and Italy.
Q4) What was the importance of the umma to Muslim society? How were religious minorities and non-Arab converts treated? How did the change of the Islamic capital to Baghdad affect the empire?
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Q1) The Byzantine emperor Leo III's relationship with the church was strained because of his opposition to the A)filioque clause.
B)church's close association with the Lombards.
C)use of icons in the church.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q2) The Byzantine ruler Justinian is best known for A)reconquering the west.
B)editing of the Qur'an.
C)collation and revision of a Roman law code.
D)building the Hagia Sophia church.
Q3) Carolingian minuscule was a A)clearer style of handwriting.
B)form of decorative illustration.
C)curriculum of study in Charlemagne's schools.
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q4) Compare and contrast the achievements of the Carolingians to those of the Byzantines.What challenges did each civilization face,and how successful were they in meeting them?
Page 13
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Chapter 12: The Islamic World, 1000-1500
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Q1) According to Jalaluddin Rumi, a Sufi has all of the following attributes <U>except</U>
A)purity of heart.
B)the ability to find the goodness in all emotional states.
C)appreciation of beauty.
D)ability to control and direct anger.
Q2) Sufi brotherhoods or fraternal orders became the A)enforcers of Islamic theological unity.
B)basic organizational element of the theological schools at madrasa.
C)chief instruments for the spread of Islam.
D)basis for Islamic doctrinal heresy in the 14th century.
Q3) During the Muslim infiltration of India from 1000 to 1500,what happened to the other religious traditions which Islam encountered? Most specifically,address the fate of the Jain tradition,Buddhism,and Hinduism.
Q4) The Kingdom of Vijayanagar (1336 1565 C.E.)
A)eventually reigned supreme over Muslim armies.
B)controlled the northern areas of India.
C)was one of India's most lavishly developed cities.
D)became a center for European colonization of India.
Q5) What was the origin of Sufism and how did Sufism impact the Islamic world?
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Chapter 13: Ancient Civilizations of the Americas
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Q1) Christopher Columbus and other early explorers
A)destroyed written records of the Maya.
B)believed they had reached the East Indies.
C)were sensitive to Native American cultures.
D)conquered all of South America.
Q2) The Mesoamerican calendar is based on
A)a lunar year of 260 days.
B)two interlocking cycles.
C)a century of 35 years.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q3) When Francisco Pizarro arrived in 1532, the Incan Empire was A)in decline due to widespread corruption in the government.
B)one of the largest states in the world.
C)confined to the center of Machu Picchu.
D)not yet free from the control of the Chanca people.
Q4) What role did geography play in the political,economic,and social development of the civilizations in the Americas? How does geography explain the patterns of settlement that emerged?
Q5) Who were the Toltecs and in what specific ways did their culture influence the Aztecs?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Africa Ca1000-1700
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Q1) In South Africa, Trekboers were
A)nomadic white livestock farmers.
B)peasants of mixed blood.
C)mercenary soldiers.
D)Dutch Reformed ministers.
Q2) Discuss the impact of Islam in the kingdoms of West Africa and on North Africa.What were the similarities and differences with regard to how these kingdoms embraced Islamic culture?
Q3) The Portuguese influence on the east coast of Africa brought
A)economic prosperity.
B)economic decline.
C)political unity.
D)religious unity.
Q4) The major African state with which the Portuguese dealt after coming to central Africa was that of
A)Senegambia.
B)Angola.
C)Kongo.
D)Benin.
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Chapter 15: Europe to the Early 1500s: Revival, Decline, and Renaissance
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Q1) At the beginning of the sixteenth century, the growing cost of warfare led European rulers to use all of the following financial methods <U>except</U>
A)taxes on basic foods,such as the French gabelle or salt tax.
B)taxes on commercial transactions,such as the alcabala in Spain.
C)the establishment of a system of public debt,based on the use of municipal and national bonds.
D)forced or voluntary loans from rich citizens,such as the Medici in Florence.
Q2) "The relations between Church and State during the Middle Ages were highly paradoxical.On the one hand,each institution desperately needed the other in order to exist; on the other hand,each institution by its very nature was bound to be antagonistic to the other." Comment on this statement.
Q3) France suffered from what relative disadvantages during the Hundred Years' War?
A)internal disunity and less money
B)smaller population and less money
C)mediocre leaders and less effective weapons
D)smaller population and less effective weapons
Q4) What were the major developments in art and architecture in the High Middle Ages,and how did they differ from or influence those of the Renaissance?
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Europe, 1500-1650: Expansion, reformation, and Religious Wars
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Q1) "The Thirty Years' War is the outstanding example in European history of meaningless conflict." Evaluate this statement.How could the war have been avoided?
Q2) According to Thomas Hobbes, the basic nature of humans is to
A)seek freedom from the state in pastoral existence.
B)work communally with others to peacefully create the state.
C)seek peace with others.
D)endlessly desire power until death.
Q3) The religious composition of the Holy Roman Empire in 1618 can best be described as
A)a slim Protestant majority,with Catholics strong in the east.
B)a slim Protestant majority,with Catholics strong in the west.
C)a slim Catholic majority,with Protestants strong in the north.
D)a slim Catholic majority,with Protestants strong in the south.
Q4) The European voyages of discovery primarily originated with competition
A)between the Protestant and Catholic churches.
B)for the riches of the spice trade.
C)to create larger empires as a mark of power.
D)to break the power of European nobility.
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Chapter 17: Conquest and Exploitation: the Development of the Transatlantic Economy
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Q1) Did the Spanish fully live up to their reputation as represented by the Black Legend? What are some examples of Spanish policies or actions that might cast doubt on labeling them as selfish and evil? What do you think was their primary motive or motives in dealing with Native Americans?
Q2) How,if at all,did slavery differ from other varieties of forced labor in the Americas?
Q3) Peninsulares were
A)whites born in America.
B)Spanish overseers of Native American labor on haciendas. C)whites born in Spain.
D)Spanish adventurers in search of gold.
Q4) The responsibility of the Casa de Contratación was to A)maintain control of the sea lanes.
B)regulate trade with the New World.
C)act as a consultative body for the Viceroy.
D)act as a court of appeals in the New World.
Q5) How did the Spanish organize their empire in the Americas? Was it an economically efficient operation? Why or why not?
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Chapter 18: East Asia in the Late Traditional ERA
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Q1) The chief threat to the Ming dynasty were the A)Mongols.
B)Russians.
C)Koreans.
D)Portuguese.
Q2) The policy of dyarchy refers to
A)the coordinate rule of two emperors during the Qing dynasty.
B)coordination between national and provincial officials.
C)the appointment of one Chinese and one Manchu to each key post in the central government.
D)None of these answers are correct.
Q3) What were the main tenets of Japanese foreign policy from 1467 to 1858? How important was Western influence in this period? What trade had been carried on with China,and why did this activity stop during this period?
Q4) The Manchus founded which dynasty?
A)Ming
B)Tokugawa
C)Qing
D)Shogun
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Chapter 19: State-Building and Society in Early Modern Europe
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Q1) The revocation of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV led to all of the following <U>except</U>
A)the emigration of a quarter million French.
B)baptism of Protestant children as Catholics.
C)the closing of Protestant schools.
D)the end of the French wars of religion.
Q2) The concept of "family economy" maintained that
A)households often lived at subsistence level.
B)families had a responsibility to save money.
C)the household was the fundamental unit of production and consumption.
D)women did not have to work.
Q3) Pugachevs Rebellion
A)promised Russian serfs land and freedom.
B)ended with negotiated reforms.
C)was the only significant peasant revolt in Europe in this period.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q4) How was Peter the Great able to consolidate the power of the Russian monarchy? How did he curb the power of the boyars and the streltsy? How did his reforms affect the population as a whole?
Page 21
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Q1) What were the consequences of the Shi'ite and Sunni rift during the 17th and 18th centuries? What political divisions emerged among Muslim states? How was Muslim culture affected by it? How was Central Asia particularly affected?
Q2) What happened to Jews in the Ottoman Empire in 1492?
A)They were expelled from Constantinople and many fled to Cairo.
B)Their numbers declined as many converted to Islam or Christianity.
C)Their numbers increased as many Jewish refugees from Spain immigrated.
D)They were required to live in Constantinople and expelled from all other areas of the empire.
Q3) The Safavid Empire declined for all of the following reasons <U>except</U>
A)an invasion from North India by the Chaghatay army.
B)economic decline.
C)increasing landholding power of the Shi'ite ulama.
D)pressure from Ottoman and Uzbek armies.
Q4) The successful expansion of the Ottoman Empire was based primarily on
A)the subjugation of religion to the state.
B)the size and loyalty of its armed forces.
C)a highly efficient system of tax collection.
D)the stability of its ruling classes.
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Chapter 21: The Age of European Enlightenment
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Q1) The slogan "Crush the Infamous Thing" refers to
A)Bentham's view of the legal system.
B)Montesquieu's attitude toward the French monarchy.
C)Catherine the Great's attitude toward Poland.
D)Voltaire's attitude toward the church.
Q2) The enlightened absolutism of the rulers of the 18th century can best be described as a
A)veneer for the exercise of autocratic power.
B)means to strengthen the military power of relatively backwards states.
C)truly benign rule based upon beliefs in the importance of justice and prosperity.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q3) Compare and contrast the Ptolemaic and the Copernican systems.Are they different from a technical or a conceptual perspective? What are the philosophical and religious implications of embracing one or the other?
Q4) Galileo Galilei
A)vigorously opposed Copernican theory.
B)publicized the Copernican theory by writing popular books.
C)provided data to help prove the Copernican theory.
D)devised mathematical formulas to explain the Copernican universe.
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Chapter 22: Revolutions in the Transatlantic World
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Q1) What role did the Stamp Act Congress play in the American Revolution?
A)It listed grievances with the Crown regarding taxation and local government.
B)It brought all American colonists together under a common banner.
C)It formally declared that Americans were in rebellion against the crown.
D)It gave an ultimatum to the Crown to reverse actions against the colonists.
Q2) The sans-culottes favored
A)the abolition of private property and paper currency.
B)greater economic equality and relief from food shortages.
C)the creation of a representative democracy.
D)the end of war with the rest of Europe.
Q3) Mexican independence was driven by:
A)fear of a conservative Spanish regime.
B)a Napoleonic invasion.
C)a slave uprising.
D)fear of a liberal Spanish regime.
Q4) Who were the sans-culottes and how did they become a factor in the politics of the period? How influential were they during the radical phase of the revolution in particular?
Q5) Discuss the role of the king in the French Revolution.What were some of the ways by which Louis XVI caused his own demise?
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Chapter 23: Political Consolidation in Nineteenth-Century
Europe and North America
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Q1) Prime Minister William Gladstone
A)supported Irish Home Rule.
B)believed the state should protect weaker citizens.
C)is considederd the founder of modern British conservatism.
D)steered the Catholic Emancipation Act through Parliament.
Q2) All of the following can describe 19th-century nationalism <U>except</U>
A)a belief that a shared language is an important basis for unity.
B)an ideology that supports self-government for people of the same or similar cultures.
C)the government takeover of industry in the name of the greater common good. D)the harmonious activity of ethnic groups,directed towards a common purpose.
Q3) What was the purpose of the Great Reform Bill? What did it achieve? Would you call it a "revolutionary" document?
Q4) Nationalism had a variable effect on European and world politics in the 19th century.Which,if any,elements of Lord Acton's assessment of nationalism do you agree with? Why? How would you assess the overall impact of nationalism on Europe?
Q5) Why was the Crimean War fought? Who were the participants and how did the results of the war affect European history in subsequent years?
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Chapter
1815-1914
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Q1) The Condition of the Working Class in England was written by A)Adam Smith.
B)Friedrich Engels.
C)Karl Marx.
D)David Riccardo.
Q2) The industrial economy affected women in all of the following ways except A)women started agitating for political rights in the 1830s.
B)women became associated more with household duties and men with family breadwinning.
C)new modes of employment were created for women.
D)skills required of employed women were lowered.
Q3) For the factory worker, the first half of the 19th century was a period of A)full employment.
B)security and stability.
C)uncertainty and transition.
D)worsening conditions and lower wages.
Q4) What were the primary arguments made by Karl Marx? Why did Marxism become such a powerful ideological force across Europe during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
Page 26
Q5) Why and how were Jews emancipated across Europe during the nineteenth century?
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Chapter 25: Latin America From Independence to the 1940s
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Q1) Carranza edged out Villa and Zapata as leader of the Mexican Revolution for all of the following reasons <U>except</U> his
A)willingness to call on U.S.forces for help.
B)lip service to the needs of a broad base of Mexican society.
C)command of superior military forces.
D)desire to emulate U.S.economic development.
Q2) A major obstacle to the economic development of Latin America in the 19th century was
A)communication problems and the absence of a common language.
B)geographical barriers that hindered internal trade.
C)the absence of port cities and shipping facilities.
D)lack of trading relationships with more developed countries.
Q3) What effect did World War I have on the major countries of South America? What changes did the respective countries make to their governments and their economies following World War I? Overall,do you think that the war had a largely positive or negative impact on South America?
Q4) What are the major paradoxes of Latin American history? Do the explanations offered in the text appear to be appropriate to the historic conditions of the area? Are there other possible explanations? Elaborate.
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1800-1945
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Q1) Thomas Macaulay, an Englishman, suggested that the English A)educate the brightest citizens first and ignore the rest of the Indian people.
B)educate a group of Indians to act as emissaries between English and Hindi culture.
C)should not educate any Indians for fear of rebellions.
D)force all Indians to learn English and English ways as soon as possible.
Q2) The end result of the "Great Trek" and Boer expansion was the A)extinction of the Zulu nation.
B)creation of the Orange Free State.
C)establishment of Zimbabwe.
D)end of slavery in south Africa.
Q3) What factors contributed to the control of Iran by foreign powers? What effect did European imperialism have upon the development of progressive movements in Iran?
Q4) What does "the impact of modernity" mean to traditional cultures of the Afro/Asian/Indian world? What was the general reaction of the native populations? Why was the West so successful in imposing its will on these areas of the world?
Q5) How did Western ideologies,cultures,and technologies change Islamic nations? Why were some nations more influenced by Western ideas than others?
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Chapter 27: Modern East Asia
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Q1) The Opium War was fought between
A)France and Britain over monopolistic control of the opium trade with China.
B)China and Great Britain,because China banned opium.
C)Chinese citizens and the Chinese government in an effort to cleanse the nation.
D)Britain and India over treatment of opium producers.
Q2) By the 1830s, the attitude of the Chinese government towards the opium trade can best be described as
A)benevolent neglect-they turned a blind eye to the illegal trade.
B)nationalist furor-they lashed out against all foreigners who dealt in opium.
C)moral outrage-they cracked down on all opium traders,Chinese and foreign.
D)mercantilist zeal-they encouraged the trade as a means of raising revenue.
Q3) The samurai who opposed the Meiji government drew heavily on liberal Western models that had become widely known through the Civilization and Enlightenment Movement and
A)worked toward a renunciation of the constitution.
B)called for a return to the dynastic system.
C)attempted to stabilize government revenue..
D)campaigned for popular rights.
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Chapter 28: Imperialism and World War I
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Q1) The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
A)ended World War I.
B)secured a Russian alliance with Germany.
C)outlawed submarine warfare.
D)took Russia out of the war and ceded territory to Germany.
Q2) Detail the Balkan War.Who were the combatants? What was at stake? What influence did Bismarck and other outside powers have on the war? How did the war presage what would be coming in World War I?
Q3) Great Britain intervened in Egypt in order to
A)protect the Suez Canal.
B)keep communications with India and the Far East open.
C)ensure repayment of debts by the Egyptian government.
D)All of these answers are correct.
Q4) The Triple Alliance represented what change in German foreign policy?
A)a switch from an alliance with Russia to an alliance with Italy
B)a switch from an alliance with Austria to an alliance with Russia
C)a switch to a more aggressive imperialism
D)a switch to a more defensive isolationism
Q5) Discuss the Alliance system.How did the creation of formal military pacts contribute to WWI?
Page 31
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Chapter 29: Depression, European Dictators, and the
American New Deal
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Q1) Which country was most successful in meeting the challenges of the Great Depression? What was the secret of their success? What limited the success of other countries?
Q2) The Depression meant
A)an absolute economic decline for all people,everywhere.
B)shortages of raw materials,especially food.
C)a frustration of economic and social expectations.
D)the creation of closer international ties among countries.
Q3) Why were Nazi Germany and the Stalinist Soviet Union considered "police states"? How effective was the apparatus of repression under each regime? Which groups did each regime target for repression or suppression?
Q4) Compare and contrast Mussolini's Fascism and Hitler's Nazism.Did they have similar economic views? What role did the cult of personality play in their conception of the State? What was the "socialist" component of their ideologies? What role did race play in their conception of nation?
Q5) How important was anti-Semitism as a component of National Socialist (Nazi)ideology? Could Nazism have existed without anti-Semitism?
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Q6) Which of the following was not an achievement of the New Deal?
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Chapter 30: World War II
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Q1) The battle that turned the tide against Japan in the Pacific was
A)Pearl Harbor.
B)Midway.
C)Coral Sea.
D)Okinawa.
Q2) The primary practical consequence of the Potsdam conference was the A)Western allies were forced to open a second front.
B)original idea to form a United Nations organization.
C)division of Europe into eastern and western zones of influence.
D)decision to demand heavy reparations from Germany.
Q3) What was the outcome of the meetings of Allied leaders at Tehran,Yalta,and Potsdam? How did these conferences affect the post-war world? What mistakes were made by the Western allies? What were their successes?
Q4) The Sudetenland was
A)another name for Austria.
B)that area of Poland that contained Germans.
C)the Catholic area of Yugoslavia.
D)None of these answers are correct.
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Chapter 31: The West Since World War II
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Q1) What were the primary goals of the United States during the early years of the Cold War? Why did it institute the Marshall Plan? Why did it institute the policy of containment? How effective were these policies during the 1940s and 1950s?
Q2) How would you characterize the Gorbachev and Yeltsin years in Russia? Was there political openness? How was the economy transformed? Did the shift to capitalism help the Russian people? Was the system free of political corruption?
Q3) In 1992, the Serbs pursued a policy of A)ethnic cleansing.
B)containment.
C)pluralism.
D)perestroika.
Q4) John F. Kennedys program to promote U.S. interests was entitled A)Great Society.
B)New Deal.
C)New Frontier.
D)Great Leap Forward.
Q5) Describe the collapse of Communist rule in Eastern Europe.Why was it a relatively bloodless revolution?
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Chapter 32: East Asia: The Recent Decades
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Q1) What are some of the significant global issues raised by the economic growth in East Asia over recent decades? How has this growth impacted the Western powers? How has it impacted other East Asian countries? What do you foresee as probable global impacts if China continues growing as it has recently?
Q2) What was the Japanese stance toward the U.S. invasion of Iraq?
A) support
B)pragmatic silence
C)opposition
D)neutrality
Q3) According to Kenzaburo Oe, the modern Japanese view of their emperor can best be described as
A)most are respectful of his influence on Japanese politics.
B)his divine status remains ambiguous.
C)the office is irrelevant to modern Japanese life.
D)the office is seen as an anachronism imposed upon them by American occupation.
Q4) According to the post-war Japanese constitution, the Emperor is A)a divine being.
B)both human and divine.
C)the symbol of national identity.
D)the incarnation of the Buddha.
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Chapter 33: Post-colonialism and Beyond: Latin America,
Africa, Asia, and the Middle East
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Q1) American policy towards post-colonial Latin America in the twentieth century was generally characterized by support for
A)anti-communist authoritarian regimes.
B)democratic freedoms and widespread liberal reforms.
C)increasing Latin American economic self-reliance.
D)Western European intervention in former colonial areas.
Q2) Apartheid was a policy that legally segregated
A)Christians from non-Christians.
B)native Africans from European colonials.
C)blacks and "coloreds" from whites.
D)blacks,but not "coloreds," from whites.
Q3) Since the 1950s, the economies of Latin America have largely been
A)heavily dependent on loans or aid from developed countries.
B)agrarian and self-sufficient.
C)complementary to Western countries.
D)competing with the United States for markets.
Q4) What is decolonization? What are the major themes of this historic process? What is the importance of nationalism in the postcolonial world? How important are the ties to former European colonial powers?
Page 36
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